Self-Doubt in Women

The Neuroscience Behind It and How to Overcome It

Self-doubt is a pervasive feeling, often whispering in our minds that we are not good enough, talented enough, or prepared enough. Though everyone may experience self-doubt at some point, in my 13 years as an executive coach, I've observed that it appears to be disproportionately prevalent in women, frequently occurring even in situations where there is no objective evidence for it. Neuroscience research helps shed light on why this is so common and offers some strategies to effectively manage and overcome self-doubt.

A study published in NeuroImage (2002) found that women demonstrate a stronger emotional response to stimuli perceived as threatening, which can lead to increased rumination and anxiety over perceived inadequacies, even when there is no substantial evidence to support these fears.?

Neuroplasticity, the brain’s ability to rewire itself, shows up as a curse when it comes to self-doubt. When self-doubtful thoughts are repeated, neural pathways become strengthened, making it easier for similar thoughts to arise in the future. This repetition creates a loop that reinforces negative self-beliefs.?

In addition, a study published in Nature Communications (2018) suggests that women, on average, may be more likely to engage in social comparison than men. This comparison can trigger a stress response that leads to feelings of inadequacy, perpetuating a cycle of self-doubt that becomes ingrained in the brain.

There is also a psychological component tied to neuroscience: the concept of the "imposter syndrome." While it affects all genders, women seem to be more likely to experience it. According to research published in the International Journal of Behavioral Science, around 70% of people experience imposter syndrome at some point, but women are more prone to it, particularly in professional or academic settings. Imposter syndrome is characterized by chronic self-doubt and a persistent fear of being exposed as a “fraud,” despite clear evidence of success and competence.?

How to Overcome Self-Doubt

1. Reframe Your Thinking

Since the brain is highly adaptable, practicing positive self-talk can help rewire neural pathways associated with self-doubt. Repeated positive affirmations can create new, more supportive neural pathways, diminishing the strength of self-doubtful thoughts. This is one of the ways a coach can help, mirroring back strengths and evidence of capability and competence.

2. Focus on Self-Compassion

?According to research by Kristin Neff at the University of Texas, self-compassion—treating yourself with the same kindness and understanding as you would a close friend—has been linked to reduced anxiety. Engaging with a coach who can, in the moment help to counter the self-critical thoughts, reinforce practices of self-acceptance, and point out the distortions and exaggerations in the self-criticism, can support mitigating self-doubt.

3. Seek Support | Coaching Works!

?Building a supportive network of mentors, coaches and peers can provide both affirmation and perspective, counteracting the negative narrative of self-doubt. Neuroscience research published in Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (2015) found that objective support reduces activity in the brain’s threat detection systems, helping to regulate emotional responses and mitigate feelings of self-doubt.?Having a mentor or coach who reminds you of your abilities, can serve as an external validation that contradicts self-doubtful thoughts. This external perspective can help challenge irrational beliefs and reinforce confidence in your skills.

4. Taking Action Despite Self-Doubt

?One of the key strategies for overcoming self-doubt is to take action despite the fear of inadequacy. Research in behavioral activation therapy, which is commonly used to treat depression and anxiety, suggests that by engaging in activities that align with your values and goals, you can create positive experiences that counteract self-doubt. Each step taken helps build evidence of capability and competence, slowly shifting your internal narrative to one of self-confidence.

Self-doubt is a pervasive experience for many women, often without any rational basis when their capabilities and achievements are objectively considered.

However, by leveraging neuroscience-based strategies—such as cognitive reframing, mindfulness, self-compassion, social support, and taking action—women can effectively manage and overcome self-doubt. Understanding how the brain works provides a roadmap for reprogramming our thought patterns and ultimately developing a more resilient and confident mindset.

While self-doubt is natural, it does not have to define your journey. With the right tools and a deeper understanding of how our minds work, we can learn to rise above the noise of self-doubt and embrace our full potential.