Selenium-Java Cheat Sheet
Driver setup:
Firefox:
System.se-tPr-ope-rty-("we-bdr-ive-r.g-eck-o.d-riv-er", "-Pat-h To- g-eck-odr-ive-r");
To download: Visit GitHub
Chrome:
System.se-tPr-ope-rty-("we-bdr-ive-r.chrome.d-riv-er", "-Pat-h To- chromedr-ive-r");
To download: Visit Here
Internet Explorer:
System.se-tPr-ope-rty-("we-bdr-ive-r.ie.d-riv-er", "-Pat-h To- IEDriverServer.exe");
To download: Visit Here
Edge:
System.se-tPr-ope-rty-("we-bdr-ive-r.edge.d-riv-er", "-Pat-h To- MicrosoftWebDriver.exe");
To download: Visit Here
Opera:
System.se-tPr-ope-rty-("we-bdr-ive-r.opera.d-riv-er", "-Pat-h To- operadriver");
To download: visit GitHub
Safari:
SafariDriver now requires manual installation of the extension prior to automation
Browser Arguments:
--headless
To open browser in headless mode. Works in both Chrome and Firefox browser
--start-maximized
To start browser maximized to screen. Requires only for Chrome browser. Firefox by default starts maximized
--incognito
To open private chrome browser
--disable-notifications
To disable notifications, works Only in Chrome browser
Example:
ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
chromeOptions.addArguments("--headless");
chromeOptions.addArguments("--start-maximized");
chromeOptions.addArguments("--disable-notifications");
chromeOptions.addArguments("--incognito");
or
ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
chromeOptions.addArguments("--incognito","--start-maximized","--headless");
To Auto Download in Chrome:
HashMap<String, String> prefs = new HashMap<String, String>();
prefs.put("download.default_directory", "/data/FolderToDownload");
ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
chromeOptions.setExperimentalOption("prefs",prefs);
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);
To Auto Download in Firefox:
FirefoxProfile firefoxProfile = new FirefoxProfile();
firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.folderList", 2);
firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", false);
firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.download.dir", "/data/WorkArea/FolderToDownload");
firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "application/vnd.ms-excel,application/csv,application/vnd.key,application/zip,application/pdf,application/xml");
firefoxProfile.setPreference("pdfjs.disabled", true);
FirefoxOptions firefoxOptions = new FirefoxOptions();
firefoxOptions.setProfile(firefoxProfile);
FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(firefoxOptions);
We can add any MIME types in the list
Note:
The value of browser.download.folderList can be set to either 0, 1, or 2.
0 - Files will be downloaded on the user's desktop.
1 - Files will be downloaded in the Downloads folder.
2 - Files will be stored on the location specified for the most recent download
Private browser in Firefox:
FirefoxProfile firefoxProfile = new FirefoxProfile();
firefoxProfile.setPreference("browser.privatebrowsing.autostart", true);
firefoxOptions.setProfile(firefoxProfile);
Note: you may not see any indication that browser is private. To check, type 'about:config' and search for 'browser.privatebrowsing.autostart'
Disable notifications in Firefox
firefoxOptions.addPreference("dom.webnotifications.serviceworker.enabled", false);
firefoxOptions.addPreference("dom.webnotifications.enabled", false);
Read Browser Details:
driver.getTitle();
driver.getWindowHandle();
driver.getWindowHandles();
driver.getCurrentUrl();
driver.getPageSource();
Go to a specified URL:
driver.get("https://google.com")
driver.navigate().to("https://google.com")
driver.navigate().to(new URL("https://google.com"))
driver.navigate().back()
driver.navigate().forward()
driver.navigate().refresh()
Locating Elements:
driver.findEelement(By) - To find the first element matching the given locator argument. Returns a WebElement
driver.findElements(By) - To find all elements matching the given locator argument. Returns a list of WebElement
By ID
<input id="q">...</input>
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("q"))
By Name
<input id="q" name="search" type="text"/>
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name("search"));
By Class Name
<div class="username" style="display: block; ">...</div>
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.className("username"));
By Tag Name
<div class="username" style="display: block; ">...</div>
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.tagName("div"));
By Link Text
<a href="#">Refresh</a>
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.linkText("Refresh"));
By Partial Link Text
<a href="#">Refresh Here</a>
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("Refresh"));
By XPath
<form id="testform" action="submit" method="get">
Username: <input type="text"/>
Password: <input type="password"/>
</form>
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath("https://form[@id='testform']/input[1]"));
By CSS Selector
<form id="testform" action="submit" method="get">
<input class="username" type="text"/>
<input class="password" type="password"/>
</form>
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("form#testform>input.username"));
Element's operation:
button/link/image:
click()
getAttribute()
isDisplayed()
isEnabled()
text field:
sendKeys()
clear()
Checkbox/Radio:
isSelected()
click()
Select:
Select select = new Select(WebElement);
select.selectByIndex();
select.selectByValue();
select.selectByVisibleText();
select.deselectAll();
select.deselectByIndex();
select.deselectByValue();
select.deselectByVisibleText();
getFirstSelectedOption()
getAllSelectedOptions() - Returns List<WebElement>
Element properties:
isDisplayed()
isSelected()
isEnabled()
Read Attribute:
getAttribute("<attribute name>")
Get attribute from a disabled text box
driver.findElement(By).getAttribute("value");
Screenshot:
image storage without using any extra libraries
TakesScreenshot takeScreenshot = (TakesScreenshot) driver;
File file = takeScreenshot.getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(System.getProperty("user.dir")+"/test.jpg"));
int cursor;
while((cursor=fis.read())!=-1) {
fos.write(cursor);
}
fos.close();
fis.close();
Universal Wait:
WebDriverWait webDriverWait = new WebDriverWait(driver, seconds);
webDriverWait.until(new ExpectedCondition<Boolean>() {
public Boolean apply(WebDriver webDriver) {
return ((JavascriptExecutor) webDriver)
.executeScript("return document.readyState").toString().equals("complete");
}
});
Wait using jQuery:
WebDriverWait webDriverWait = new WebDriverWait(driver, seconds);
webDriverWait.until(new ExpectedCondition<Boolean>() {
public Boolean apply(WebDriver webDriver) {
if((Boolean)((JavascriptExecutor)webDriver).executeScript("return window.jQuery != undefined ")) {
return ((Long) ((JavascriptExecutor) webDriver).executeScript("return jQuery.active") == 0);
} else {
return true;
}
}
});
Note: jQuery must be defined in Web page otherwise WebDriverException will be thrown. Hence first validate jQuery is defined then check for async calls
The list here contains mostly used features but not exhaustive. Please feel free to add in comments if you feel something is missing and should be here.
For more details - Selenium Java Cheat Sheet and Selenium Python Cheat Sheet