Selection Guide for Internal Combustion Counterbalanced Forklifts

When sales recommend forklifts to customers, or match models according to the working environment, they sometimes encounter problems that are difficult to determine. The forklift type selection includes tonnage, engine model, mast height,mast load capacity, tire,etc. This article aims at common problems and summarizes some relevant guidance suggestions and opinions to meet the needs of customers in related cases.

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1. Tonnage Option

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A standard counterbalanced forklift without attachments works like an Akimi?Germany's lever principle, that is, the product of the power and the power arm is equal to the resistance and the resistance arm?product. Applying the above principle to a forklift is shown in Figure 1. When the forklift is operating, the center of the front wheel is used as the fulcrum. The balance equation is the product of the mass of the forklift (G1) and the distance from the center of mass to the center of the front wheel (L2), which is equal to the mass of the cargo ( G2) is equal to the product of the distance from the center of mass of the cargo to the center of the front wheel (L 1).

G1*L1=G2*L2

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The design of the forklift?must meet the requirements of the GB1693 standard, and the stability of the forklifted goods must be considered. The product of the G1?and the L1 is 1.4~1.6 times the product of G and L, and 1.4 and 1.6 times are the safety factors. Under the same carrying capacity, the lower the safety factor is, the lighter the forklift?is and the more fuel-efficient it is, but it must meet the stability test requirements of the national standard.

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When selecting a model, first select a forklift with the same or slightly higher tonnage according to the tonnage of the cargo.

Check again. The recommended forklift tonnage checking formula is as follows:

?A=Overload rate；

G2=Cargo weight

L1=Cargo center distance, mm;

L2 = Front overhang, mm;

GE——Primary tonnage value, kg;

LC——Load center,mm

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The relevant parameters in the above formula can be shown in Figure 2. If the calculation result overload rate A is less than 1.05, the use requirements can be met. This value is equivalent to less than 5% of the overload rate, which can be considered as satisfactory. If the calculation result A is greater than 1.05, it means that the safety factor is too low, and it is necessary to select a forklift whose actual tonnage is greater than the estimated G for re-checking. If the lifting height of the cargo is lower than 1.5m, the overload rate can be increased to 8%, but if it exceeds 1.5 ~ 3m, it should be judged according to the rated load. For a forklift with a mast higher than 3m, the carrying capacity shall be comprehensively confirmed according to the values in the load curve diagram of the whole machine, and the lower value shall prevail. For example, the calculation result is 2.3t, but the load capacity of the mast is only 2t, and the actual load capacity of the whole machine is calculated as 2t.

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?2. Choice of engine power

?The choice of engine configuration depends on the slope of the work site. Forklifts are usually used on relatively flat roads such as ports, stations, airports, freight yards, warehouses, factories, workshops, distribution centers and distribution centers. The standard configuration models produced by the company can meet the requirements of the work. Requirements, the standard requirement is generally to meet the 20% slope climbing ability. If there is a large slope in the workplace, you can refer to the maximum gradeability in the parameter table of each model for selection, and choose an engine configuration with a gradeability greater than the slope of the actual workplace, which can better meet the needs of the operation. For example, Mitsubishi S6S engine is selected for ordinary 3t forklifts, and Yanmar 98?engine with larger torque is selected when greater climbing ability is required, and the corresponding fuel consumption of larger displacement engine will be higher. Different countries have engine emission requirements. Manforce has Xinchai, for Europe and the United States with high emission requirements.

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3. Selection of mast height

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When selecting a forklift mast, the free lift height needs to be considered. The top of the inner mast does not protrude from the outer mast, that is, when the height of the forklift does not increase, the maximum lifting height can be obtained. The overall height of the forklift should also be considered,There is sufficient space inside or outside the factory, and you can choose a secondary mast that meets the shipping height, and you also need to consider the height of the entrance to the warehouse.

For low working conditions, priority should be given to the second-level full-free mast, which is generally in the range of 2 to 3m, to meet the restrictions on the height of the whole machine in the operating space, and the height of the forklift overhead guard needs to be considered. If it is super tall, choose a low roof guard or no roof guard.

?If the forklift needs to drive into an environment with a certain height limit requirement, and there is also a height requirement for the height of material stacking, it is recommended to choose a three-level mast. It not only has a large free lifting height, but also has a high maximum lifting height. When the mast is retracted, the overall height of the machine can be kept low.

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4. Suggestions for model selection in different industries

4.1 Rental and logistics industry

When selecting models for the rental and logistics industries, solid core tires should be selected for the front and rear wheels, because solid core tires are more wear-resistant and have a longer service life, which reduces the cost of replacing tires and prevents tires from being punctured by sharp objects. If the regular driving distance exceeds 5km, it is recommended to use pneumatic tires.

4.2 Wood processing and transportation industry

The wood processing and transportation industry should be based on the length and quality of the wood to be transported. If you choose a 3-3.5t forklift, the working ground is flat and free of sharp objects, the length of the wood is within 2m, and the front and rear wheels can be optional pneumatic tires. If the working ground is uneven and there are sharp objects, and the length of the wood is more than 2m, choose double solid core tires for the front and rear wheels.

If there is a lot of dust in the workplace, double air filters can be selected, and double fine filters or oil bath can also be selected

Double air filter can prolong the service life of the engine and avoid the impact of dust on the engine.

If you choose a 5-7t, 8-10t forklift, you can choose double pneumatic tires or double solid core tires for the front wheels.

4.3 Steel processing and transportation industry

The steel processing and transportation industry should choose cast steel drive axle forklifts. This kind of driving axle has strong bearing capacity. Double front wheels should be selected for the front wheels to adapt to long material transportation with high stability. The front and rear wheels should choose solid core tires, which have strong bearing capacity and are more wear-resistant.Long materials can also choose Multi-directional side forklift.

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4.3 Other industries

The paper industry should choose a middle or high exhaust position to avoid the impact of dust on the surrounding environment and prevent the surrounding paper from igniting and causing a fire. The chemical and fertilizer industry should choose anti-corrosion hydraulic cylinders and better anti-corrosion of the whole vehicle. For general corrosion conditions, durable (C2, C3) hydraulic cylinders should be selected. For highly corrosive working conditions, it should be fully upgraded, and the anti-corrosion performance of (C4, C5-I) should be selected. For inflammable and explosive workplaces, special explosion-proof forklifts should be selected and equipped with fire extinguishers. The gas environment explosion-proof grade is divided into IIB, T4, zone 1, zone 2,The dust environment explosion-proof grades are generally A21, T4, Zone 21 and Zone 22. Forklifts operating in this environment should meet the relevant requirements.s.

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Other options can also be consulted with relevant industry professionals. Manforce's service personnel are at your service 24 hours online. Choosing a suitable material handling equipment can greatly improve work efficiency and save labor and storage costs.