The Scenario of Water Crisis in India: How India is Shaping the Future of Water Management

The Scenario of Water Crisis in India: How India is Shaping the Future of Water Management

India is a huge country with an approximate population of 1.4 billion and constantly manages many interior and exterior complications? in favor of the country's best interest. One of the major challenges that India is facing currently is the water crisis. Due to urbanization that is rapidly taking over the country and the impact it puts on the consumption, maintenance and procurement of water. Unsustainable utilisation of water has pushed India towards water scarcity. However India is working on various initiatives and strategies to shape it's future water scenario to combat water problems.?

Major Facts & Stats on water scarcity in India?

  • The issue of Water insufficiency:? As recorded by the National Commission for Integrated Water Resources Development (NCIWRD), India has around 17% of the world’s total population but it's access to the global freshwater resources is limited to just 4%.
  • Groundwater Depletion and Dearth: Central Ground Water Board reported that nearly 60% districts of India are dealing with overexploited groundwater levels impacting their daily lives to a larger extent.
  • Per Capita Water Availability: The metrics of Per capita water availability has dropped significantly from 5,177 cubic meters in the year 1951 to around 1,544 cubic meters in the year 2021,which is a clear indication of increasing water stress in the country.
  • The Imperative Role of Agriculture: Agriculture in India consumes approximately 80% of India’s water resources. Thus agricultural practices in India demands a huge quantity of water every year.?

Strategies and proposed foundational framework to address the water scarcity in the country?

1. Namami Gange Program:

???This program is primarily focused on reviving and rejuvenating the Ganga river. This visionary initiative plans to revive the river Ganga along with its tributaries parallely promoting sustainable water management across the riverbed.

2. Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM):

?The jal jeevan mission aims to provide piped water connections to each rural household by the year 2024, this mission has been a success as it has already achieved substantial progress, benefiting millions of lives across rural areas of India.

3. Rainwater Harvesting:

Many states and cities in India have considered rainwater harvesting systems as an important step to deal with water scarcity issues. Huge number of rain water harvesting plants have been installed in residential and commercial buildings. States like? Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Rajasthan are leading the path by promoting water conservation through rain water harvesting.?

4. Water Use Efficiency:

India is relentlessly adopting organised and resourceful irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation systems and sprinkler systems to pull down the amount of water used in agricultural practices, which is the largest water-consuming sector in India.

5. Smart Water Management:

Latest technologies likeInternet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and data analytics are being utilised to monitor and analyse water usage, improve water management practices and reduce wastage of water among various sectors.

Despite substantial goal oriented steps towards the sustainable management of water, India still struggles to achieve planned outcomes. Rapidly increasing population and climate change are two major challenges that India needs to confront. Although India’s water crisis is a pressing issue but with smart governance, forward-thinking policies, involvement of technological innovations, and with the collective efforts of citizens, water scarcity can be death with ease.?

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