Research Paper published by biodiversity journal about the influence of electromagnetic fields on Human well-being in buildings
JBES- an open access scholarly research journal of Environmental Sciences and Biodiversity publish an article, entitle "Study of the influence of electromagnetic fields on Human well-being in buildings of the urban area of Annaba (Algeria)", and this research work has been done by Bouslama Amina, Boukhemis Kaddour and Abdelmelek Hafedh from Laboratory of Architecture and Urbanism, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Annaba Badji Mokhtar University, Sidi Amar, Annaba, Algeria and Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Carthage, Jarzouna, Bizerte,Tunisia.
Abstract
In nowadays, wireless communication technologies (Wi-Fi, mobile phone, relay antennas…) have become part of the city’s structure and have shaped a new image of our towns. Although, wireless communication played a leading role in the development of cities and smart cities around the world. The present study is based on a survey evaluating Human well-being related to electromagnetic fields pollution (EMFP) in the urban area of Annaba (Algeria). A sociological survey was conducted on 227 citizens (between 18- 39 years old). The most important results of our investigation demonstrated a correlation between EMFP exposure and Human well-being. In addition, EMFP disrupts physiological parameters leading to tiredness on waking, migraines, insomnia, and stress. In conclusion, the EMFP could have a negative impact on Human well-being related to building architecture in Annaba urban area.
?Introduction
Living systems could be influenced by natural electromagnetic field (EMFnat) (like sunlight) and/or artificial field (EMFart) (emitted by relay antennas, mobile phone, Wi-Fi..), leading to many biological disruptions (Saili et al., 2015; Ammari et al., 2017;Othman et al., 2017).Previous studies showed different benefits of EMFnaton Human and animal health. Interestingly, several studies showed a negative bio effects of EMFart on animal health (Ghodbane et al., 2013; Saili et al.,2015). Previous works showed the induction of stress, hypoxia and diabetes-like status under EMFart (Chateret al., 2005; Abdelmelek et al., 2006). Furthermore, Saili et al., (2015) demonstrated that radio frequencies(RF) reduce the efficacy of drugs. Moreover, Othman etal., (2017) observed that RF induce neurological effects in the offspring of female rats.
Different studies point that EMFart could influence animal and human behavior, but there are only a few studies discussing the effects of this pollution on human well-being. However, the World Health Organization (WHO) has already defined health since1946 as ? a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity ? (Frank, 2002).In addition, in the near future, we will observe the increase of smart-cities number in the world. These smart cities will have more electromagnetic pollution (EMFP) than our traditional cities (Batty et al., 2012), thus justifying research on the harmful bioeffects of EMF on citizens living in different architectural designs of buildings. The aim of the present investigation was to demonstrate the implication of EMF emitted by relay antenna or Wi-Fi on Human well-being in the Annaba urban area (Algeria).
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