HOW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CAN TRANSFORM THE OIL INDUSTRY

Unlike the oil shocks of the 20th century, COVID-19 created an unprecedented situation by accelerating the downward trend in oil prices which began under the impetus of global efforts to transition to renewable and sustainable energy sources.?Some predict that demand for oil will peak as early as 2025 - much sooner than previously expected.

Total?Energies, like the other major European oil companies (BP, Shell, Eni, Equinor) has taken the lead in its transition to alternative energies.?The challenge is great and can only be done through innovation and digital transformation to succeed in reducing production, processing and transport costs.?Artificial intelligence is playing the main role in this transition of the oil and gas industry.

A narrow view of the data

Traditionally, oil and gas companies have structured themselves around the search for efficiency and cost optimization.?As a result, they often operate in silos, without a single view of data and applications.?Until now, the adoption of AI in this industry has been limited to one-off or localized solutions.?Only 29% of companies in the energy sector say their AI deployments have worked satisfactorily.

Thus, improving drilling and reducing downtime are common use cases for AI and machine learning.?However, most algorithms deal with very specific aspects rather than taking a holistic approach that would use data from different drilling rigs.

Cross-cutting approach and data quality

Oil and gas companies have a lot of data.?The majority of them present them in the form of documents or reports.?Therefore, crossing or merging this cross-domain data poses a huge challenge.?Machine learning models exist that would make sense of them, like BERT and GPT3.

New standards, such as the?Open Subsurface Data Universe?(OSDU), can help the oil industry consolidate its data operations, including integrated data lakes.?Through the integration of operational data, many companies have made considerable progress in predicting operating parameters for enhanced oil recovery.

Merge machine learning models with physics and engineering

This industry has very important safety criteria.?For AI-powered operations to enable decision-making, it is essential to align Machine Learning (ML) models with physics-based simulation models.?A new differential programming paradigm enables data-driven AI to be augmented with physics:

1 - Physically informed neural networks - A deep learning framework that allows the synergistic combination of a mathematical model and data, specifically applicable to problems involving nonlinear partial differential equations.?(Raissi, Perdikaris, & Karniadakis, 2019)

2 - AI Feynman - A recursive multidimensional symbolic regression algorithm that combines the adjustment of neural networks with a series of techniques inspired by physics.?This can help find a symbolic expression that matches the data trained on neural networks.?(Udrescu & Tegmark, 2020)

While these technologies are still nascent, they are moving in this direction, which may help explain machine learning models used in decision-making.

Predictions for the future

European oil and gas companies are embarking on a rather delicate path.?The pandemic has created its own set of challenges.?As the world moves towards a new normal characterized by declining demand for oil, we will see the emergence of unlikely alliances and an increased effort to improve process efficiency.

As cross-functional silos disappear, the focus will be on data integration and governance.?Likewise, new engineering workflows governed by the interpretation of reservoirs and geotechnical data will emerge.

We are likely to see the emergence of goal-oriented automation in the drilling industry, where the system dynamically calibrates and plans logistics, including personnel, equipment and consumables.

The role of AI in the oil and gas industry will certainly be the focus of concern in the future.?The ability to integrate physics and engineering technologies with data-driven analysis, machine learning and automation will prove to be a huge success factor for oil and gas companies.