Quantum Theory and Neurology: Theory of Relativity and Neurological Science

Theory of Relativity and Neurological Science

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How Neurology is a Constant of Light Not Time

Einstein's General Theory of Relativity has always perplexed my intuition with the understanding of our own consciousness. One way of getting at this insight of perplexing confusion is to remember that the speed of light is constant, and the speed of light doesn't change. There are things that don't change. By making use of the constant nature of the speed of light, you can build a very special kind of ‘clock’. It is called a “light clock”. You count the bounces and compare the passage of time on 2 of these light clocks. Set the second clock in motion. When they are sitting side by side, the clocks measure the passage of time identically. Einstein then asked what would happen if you put that second clock in motion. Imagine that you have a light clock, with mirrors on the top and bottom faces. The ball of light or photon is bouncing up and down between those two mirrors. As you travel, imagine observing the ball of light. It starts, for example, at the bottom face. As you travel, the light will approach the upper mirror. From your perspective, the clock is not even moving. It is going to hit the upper mirror. As you continue to move, the ball of light goes a second diagonal trajectory to hit the bottom mirror. As you darken the room for example, the only thing that you could see was the ball of light. The speed of the light is unchanged. Therefore, if the light is traveling a longer distance at the same speed, it must take longer to do so. The period of the clock will slow down. Put the light clock on the right in motion and watch the trajectory of that ball of light. It follows the double diagonal trajectory, a longer trajectory than one normal to the mirror surfaces. Time is being measured as slower on the moving clock. Einstein was the first person to realize that time is not something that is universal in the sense that Isaac Newton believed it was. Time on a clock in motion takes off more slowly. It is not just a light clock. That light clock is representative of the passage of time itself.

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If you had a sufficiently good resolution to watch the biological processes inside your body as you are moving, they would also be slowing down at a similar rate as that of the light clock. Time in motion slowed down. Because we travel at speeds that are very slow compared to the speed of light, observing this difference is difficult. The speed of light would carry a photon around the earth seven times in a single second. Since our speed is so slow, we don't realize this intuitively.?Einstein hypothesized that gravity has an impact on the passage of time in the year 1915. He writes down the equations and he realizes that gravity, in some sense, pulls not just on the matter. It also pulls on time, which means that the stronger the gravitational field that you are in, the stronger gravity pulls on time, slowing down its passage. For a stronger gravity time slows down, that elapses at a slower rate.

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Say you have a clock sitting on the ground. It is ticking away at a usual rate. Imagine going to the top of the Empire State Building, where gravity is not quite as strong as on the ground. The strong gravity on the ground means that the clock on the ground will kick off some nominal amount slower, and you can measure the time difference between them. The time difference would be miniscule. It's not the size of the time difference that matters for our attempt to understand the nature of time, it is the fact that this difference exists. Time is not universal. It depends not only on how you are moving but also on the gravitational field that you are experiencing. There is a tension between what physics has found and our intuition about how the world works.

Part of the explanation for this lies in the fact that our brains evolved in order to survive. To survive, one does not have to know about these curiosities and about the nature of time. There's a big difference between how physicists and neuroscientists believe the brain processes time. Neuroscience can implicitly accept the notion that only the present is real, and the future is not yet real, and the past is no longer real. That is because the brain is an inherently temporal organ. If we can say that the brain has a main function, its main function is to store information about the past, in order to predict and prepare for the future, by acting on the present. The fact that we talk about memory and the future means that we are assuming that we can change the future.

That is a currency of evolution. Species adapt in order to survive. Humans only became consciously aware of time as the rotation of planet earth spins and the passage of sunlight to darkness. The degree to which you can anticipate what's going to happen gives an organism a powerful evolutionary advantage. Starting from that distinction, the question becomes how the brain does that. The brain, put bluntly, learns. We form memories, we store information of the past, and the current idea is that the past no longer exists except within our neural circuits. Then we predict the future. To predict the future, you need to be able to tell time. It's not sufficient, for example, for a meteorologist to say it is going to rain. It is helpful to tell you that it is going to rain tomorrow, or the day after. The question of how the brain tells time is key. Is there a structure that can be identified in the brain that is specifically oriented toward keeping time? It is a theory from decades ago that such a thing, some central clock, may exist in the brain. It is like how the computer has a clock chip that controls all the temporal processing time.

The point of timing is so important for everything we do. For example, you may be paying attention to one’s timing in speech, but you aren’t truly paying attention to the time on a separate clock. The brain is attempting to predict what is going to happen by telling the timing in a phrase. We might forget what one was about to say, and then there is a pause in our speech. Since there was an awkward silence, we probably became more aware of the passage of time. This is a fundamental point that the flow of time and the notion that time is not. It is only the perspective of one’s awareness of time, where time exists. Otherwise, the speed of light does not interact with the perspective of time. Time only exists with gravitational motion and dimensional objects that are affected by the change of motion. Light does not change in motion. It is constant. Therefore, if neurons are using electromagnetic energy, we must use quantum mechanics into our understanding of neurology.

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Creating linear transgression equations when using electromagnetic energy is causing the evolution of electrical science to be at a stall. The world, and energy, does not operate in linear ways of material existence. Electromagnetic energy, including light, is a force in nature that has different dimensional aspects. Time is a one-dimensional aspect in a third dimensional world. The passage of time is only existent when there is a state of awareness of the passage of time. The idea is that the gravitational pull of the third dimensional electromagnetic frequencies affects the gravitational state of space which then, in turn, affects time. So, in order to progress we must re-write mathematical models of neurobiology with a quantum equation rather than linear ones including creating a new passive membrane model. Time is a human construct. It is not something that is organic to the function and flow of consciousness. Consciousness created the flow of time relative to our experience. However, when talking about neurobiology, your body is not keeping track of the number of times your nerve cells are oscillating. They are oscillating at an infinite rate rather than a time-based rate.?

?References:

Chapter 8 notes. (n.d.). https://nelson.beckman.illinois.edu/courses/bio303/Chapter8_answers.htm#:~:text=%CE%94V(x)%20%3D%20%CE%94Vmax%20e%20%2Dt%2F%CF%84,tau)%20is%20the%20time%20constant.&text=The%20time%20constant%20is%20independent%20of%20neurite%20diameter.?

Jeffrey M Schwartz, Henry P Stapp and Mario Beauregard, ‘Quantum physics in neuroscience and psychology: a neurophysical model of mindbrain interaction’, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 2005 360, doi: 10.1098/rstb.2004.1598, published 29 June 2005.

The Light Clock. The Light Clock - A theoretical proof of Special Relativity. (n.d.). https://www.emc2-explained.info/The-Light-Clock/?

Neuroscience News. (2022, August 11). A new theory in physics claims to solve the mystery of consciousness. Neuroscience News. https://neurosciencenews.com/physics-consciousness-21222/??

Yurchenko, S. B. (2021, July 14). Why the quantum brain?. Lidsen. https://www.lidsen.com/journals/neurobiology/neurobiology-05-03-103