Python Interview Questions Set 1
Intermediate Level
What is Python?
Python was created and first released in 1991 by Guido van Rossum. It is a high-level, general-purpose programming language that emphasizes code readability and provides easy-to-use syntax. Several developers and programmers prefer using Python for their programming needs due to its simplicity. After 30 years, Van Rossum stepped down as the leader of the community in 2018. Python interpreters are available for many operating systems. CPython, the reference implementation of Python, is open-source software and has a community-based development model, as do nearly all of its variant implementations. Python and CPython are managed by the non-profit Python Software Foundation.
Why Python?
Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language. Python is a programming language that may be used to create desktop GUI apps, websites, and online applications. Python, as a high-level programming language, also allows you to concentrate on the application’s essential functionality while it handles routine programming duties. The basic grammar limitations of the programming language make it considerably easier to maintain the code base intelligible and the application manageable.
How to Install Python?
To Install Python, first, go to Anaconda.org and click on “Download Anaconda”. Here, you can download the latest version of Python. After Python is installed, it is a pretty straightforward process. The next step is to power up an IDE and start coding in Python. If you wish to learn more about the process, check out this Python Tutorial.
What are the applications of Python?
Python is notable for its general-purpose character, which allows it to be used in practically any software development sector. Python may be found in almost every new field. It is the most popular programming language and may be used to create any application. – Web Applications We can use Python to develop web applications. It contains HTML and XML libraries, JSON libraries, email processing libraries, request libraries, beautiful soup libraries, Feedparser libraries, and other internet protocols. Instagram uses Django, a Python web framework. – Desktop GUI Applications The Graphical User Interface (GUI) is a user interface that allows for easy interaction with any program. Python contains the Tk GUI framework for creating user interfaces.
– Console-based Application The command-line or shell is used to execute console-based program. These are computer program that are used to carry out orders. This type of program was more common in the previous generation of computers. It is well-known for its REPL, or Read-EvalPrint Loop, which makes it ideal for command-line applications. Python has a number of free libraries and modules that help in the creation of command-line applications. To read and write, the appropriate IO libraries are used. It has capabilities for processing parameters and generating console help text built-in. There are additional advanced libraries that may be used to create standalone console applications. – Software Development Python is useful for the software development process. It’s a support language that may be used to establish control and management, testing, and other things. ?SCons are used to build control. ?Continuous compilation and testing are automated using Buildbot and Apache Gumps. – Scientific and Numeric This is the time of artificial intelligence, in which a machine can execute tasks as well as a person can. Python is an excellent programming language for artificial intelligence and machine learning applications. It has a number of scientific and mathematical libraries that make doing difficult computations simple. Putting machine learning algorithms into practice requires a lot of arithmetic. Numpy, Pandas, Scipy, Scikit-learn, and other scientific and numerical Python libraries are available. If you know how to use Python, you’ll be able to import libraries on top of the code. A few prominent machine library frameworks are listed below. - SciPy - Scikit learn - NumPy - Pandas - Matplotlib – Business Applications Standard apps are not the same as business applications. This type of program necessitates a lot of scalability and readability, which Python gives. Oddo is a Python-based all-in-one application that offers a wide range of business applications. The commercial application is built on the Tryton platform, which is provided by Python. – Audio or Video-based Applications Python is a versatile programming language that may be used to construct multimedia applications. TimPlayer, cplay, and other multimedia programmes written in Python are examples. – 3D CAD Applications Engineering-related architecture is designed using CAD (Computeraided design). It’s used to create a three-dimensional visualization of a system component. The following features in Python can be used to develop a 3D CAD application: - Fandango (Popular) - CAMVOX - HeeksCNC - AnyCAD - RCAM – Enterprise Applications Python may be used to develop apps for usage within a business or organization. OpenERP, Tryton, Picalo all these real-time applications are examples. – Image Processing Application Python has a lot of libraries for working with pictures. The picture can be altered to our specifications. OpenCV, Pillow, and SimpleITK are all image processing libraries present in python. In this topic, we’ve covered a wide range of applications in which Python plays a critical part in their development. We’ll study more about Python principles in the upcoming tutorial.
What are the advantages of Python?
Python is a general-purpose dynamic programming language that is high-level and interpreted. Its architectural framework prioritizes code readability and utilizes indentation extensively. - Third-party modules are present. - Several support libraries are available (NumPy for numerical calculations, Pandas for data analytics, etc) - Community development and open source - Adaptable, simple to read, learn, and write - Data structures that are pretty easy to work on - High-level language - The language that is dynamically typed (No need to mention data type based on the value assigned, it takes data type) - Object-oriented programming language - Interactive and transportable - Ideal for prototypes since it allows you to add additional features with minimal code. - Highly Effective - Internet of Things (IoT) Possibilities - Portable Interpreted Language across Operating Systems - Since it is an interpreted language it executes any code line by line and throws an error if it finds something missing. - Python is free to use and has a large open-source community. - Python has a lot of support for libraries that provide numerous functions for doing any task at hand. - One of the best features of Python is its portability: it can and does run on any platform without having to change the requirements. - Provides a lot of functionality in lesser lines of code compared to other programming languages like Java, C++, etc.
What are the key features of Python?
Python is one of the most popular programming languages used by data scientists and AIML professionals. This popularity is due to the following key features of Python: - Python is easy to learn due to its clear syntax and readability - Python is easy to interpret, making debugging easy - Python is free and Open-source - It can be used across different languages - It is an object-oriented language that supports concepts of classes - It can be easily integrated with other languages like C++, Java, and more
What do you mean by Python literals?
A literal is a simple and direct form of expressing a value. Literals reflect the primitive type options available in that language. Integers, floating-point numbers, Booleans, and character strings are some of the most common forms of literal. The following literals are supported by Python: Literals in Python relate to the data that is kept in a variable or constant. There are several types of literals present in Python String Literals: It’s a sequence of characters wrapped in a set of codes. Depending on the number of quotations used, there can be single, double, or triple strings. Single characters enclosed by single or double quotations are known as character literals. Numeric Literals: These are unchangeable numbers that may be divided into three types: integer, float, and complex. Boolean Literals: True or False, which signify ‘1’ and ‘0,’ respectively, can be assigned to them. Special Literals: It’s used to categorize fields that have not been generated. ‘None’ is the value that is used to represent it. - String literals: “halo” , ‘12345’ - Int literals: 0,1,2,-1,-2 - Long literals: 89675L - Float literals: 3.14 - Complex literals: 12j - Boolean literals: True or False - Special literals: None - Unicode literals: u”hello” - List literals: [], [5, 6, 7] - Tuple literals: (), (9,), (8, 9, 0) - Dict literals: {}, {‘x’:1} - Set literals: {8, 9, 10}
What type of language is Python?
Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language. Classes, modules, exceptions, dynamic typing, and extremely high-level dynamic data types are all present. Python is an interpreted language with dynamic typing. Because the code is not converted to a binary form, these languages are sometimes referred to as “scripting” languages. While I say dynamically typed, I’m referring to the fact that types don’t have to be stated when coding; the interpreter finds them out at runtime. The readability of Python’s concise, easy-to-learn syntax is prioritized, lowering software maintenance costs. Python provides modules and packages, allowing for program modularity and code reuse. The Python interpreter and its comprehensive standard library are free to download and distribute in source or binary form for all major platforms.
How is Python an interpreted language?
An interpreter takes your code and executes (does) the actions you provide, produces the variables you specify, and performs a lot of behind-the-scenes work to ensure it works smoothly or warns you about issues. Python is not an interpreted or compiled language. The implementation’s attribute is whether it is interpreted or compiled. Python is a bytecode (a collection of interpreter-readable instructions) that may be interpreted in a variety of ways. The source code is saved in a .py file. Python generates a set of instructions for a virtual machine from the source code. This intermediate format is known as “bytecode,” and it is created by compiling.py source code into .pyc, which is bytecode. This bytecode can then be interpreted by the standard CPython interpreter or PyPy’s JIT (Just in Time compiler). Python is known as an interpreted language because it uses an interpreter to convert the code you write into a language that your computer’s processor can understand. You will later download and utilize the Python interpreter to be able to create Python code and execute it on your own computer.
What is pep 8?
PEP 8, often known as PEP8 or PEP-8, is a document that outlines best practices and recommendations for writing Python code. It was written in 2001 by Guido van Rossum, Barry Warsaw, and Nick Coghlan. The main goal of PEP 8 is to make Python code more readable and consistent. Python Enhancement Proposal (PEP) is an acronym for Python Enhancement Proposal, and there are numerous of them. A Python Enhancement Proposal (PEP) is a document that explains new features suggested for Python and details elements of Python for the community, such as design and style.
What is namespace in Python?
In Python, a namespace is a system that assigns a unique name to each and every object. A variable or a method might be considered an object. Python has its own namespace, which is kept in the form of a Python dictionary. Let’s look at a directory-file system structure in a computer as an example. It should go without saying that a file with the same name might be found in numerous folders. However, by supplying the absolute path of the file, one may be routed to it if desired. A namespace is essentially a technique for ensuring that all of the names in a program are distinct and may be used interchangeably. You may already be aware that everything in Python is an object, including strings, lists, functions, and so on. Another notable thing is that Python uses dictionaries to implement namespaces. A name-toobject mapping exists, with the names serving as keys and the objects serving as values. The same name can be used by many namespaces, each mapping it to a distinct object. Here are a few namespace examples: Local Namespace: This namespace stores the local names of functions. This namespace is created when a function is invoked and only lives till the function returns. Global Namespace: Names from various imported modules that you are utilizing in a project are stored in this namespace. It’s formed when the module is added to the project and lasts till the script is completed. Built-in Namespace: This namespace contains the names of built-in functions and exceptions.
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