Putin's "waking moments" symbolize Russia's great enlightenment
Author: Qiu Wenping Invited Researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences at Fudan University

Putin's "waking moments" symbolize Russia's great enlightenment

Most Chinese people do not have a deep understanding of Russian civilization. If we can sort out the westernization dream in History of Russia, it may help us understand the great insight of today's break between Russia and the West.

The struggle between westernization faction and indigenous faction for the dominance of Russian civilization gave birth to the Chauvinism of czarist Russia

The first point I want to talk about is that from Peter the Great to the demise of Czar Russia, the westernization dream of the Russian royal family and the great nobility and the local Orthodox tradition are torn apart, and the westernization faction and the indigenous faction are constantly competing for the dominance of Russian civilization. Peter the Great's reform brought Russia into the western society, and his thought of "total westernization" penetrated into the bone marrow of the Russian great nobles and intellectuals. Not only did the tsar love to marry with the royal families of Western Europe, hoping to get rid of the barbarian label brought by the Mongols, but even the common language of the nobles was French. To finally develop it was a shame to speak Russian in the Russian court.

The resistance of indigenous faction under the banner of Eastern Orthodoxy against westernization faction has never ceased. Tsar is actually the pronunciation of "Caesar" in Russian, and "Caesar" is the special name of Roman emperor. After the demise of the Byzantine Empire, the Russian natives believed that Russia inherited the Orthodox legalism of the Byzantine Empire, while the Christendom in Western Europe only originated from the Western Roman Empire, which was destroyed by the Germanic barbarians, and Russia was the true successor of the Roman Empire.

This indigenous Russian civilization, which was built by virtue of the orthodox dispute between the Eastern and Western Roman empires, has won the firm support of small and medium-sized nobles and Orthodox believers, and has formed a continuous confrontation with the royal family and big nobles who are eager for "overall westernization". The queen of Tsar Peter III, Yekaterina from Prussia, seized the aversion of the indigenous faction to excessive westernization in Russia and used local power to overthrow Peter III, who was overly foreign oriented and betrayed the country. As a foreign woman, she achieved the great myth of the Russian czarina. The national emblem of the Russian Double-headed eagle directly inherits the national emblem of the Byzantine Empire, representing the characteristics and legal system of the Eurasian Empire, and also represents the internal spiritual conflict of Russia: the oversized oriental body and the weak western culture mix and conflict with each other; The spirit moved towards the West, while the body remained in the East. The rulers could only swing back and forth between the westernization faction and the indigenous faction, and the Chauvinism of foreign aggression was the adhesive between the two factions, which led to the history of czarist Russia being a history of expansion.

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The traditional genes of westernization were also one of the reasons for the disintegration of the Soviet Union

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The second point is that the disintegration of the Soviet Union is not only because the Communist Party of the Soviet Union deviated from Marxism, but also because of the traditional gene of westernization of Culture of Russia.

Many of us unconsciously accept the Western view that the disintegration of the Soviet Union marked the failure of the socialist movement, and China's socialism will inevitably follow suit. What they did not see was that the socialist paths of the Soviet Union and China were different from the beginning, and different paths naturally had different fates. Practice is the only criterion for testing truth.

Inheriting the Chauvinism of czarist Russia and ignoring the people's life are the major reasons for the disintegration of the Soviet Union: because these acts violate the basic principles of Marxism to liberate the oppressed people. Crazy interference in the internal affairs of other countries has led to the continued hatred of Russia among Eastern European countries to this day; Ignoring people's lives and engaging in imperial hegemony with the United States is putting the cart before the horse, and it is entirely reasonable for China to call it Soviet revisionism. Deng Xiaoping once said, 'Poverty is not socialism'. This is a profound lesson left by the Soviet Union to China.

The trend of elite westernization and the local Orthodox tradition in Russia still had a strong inheritance in the Soviet Union, and gradually merged in internal and external difficulties, ultimately overturning the Soviet Union. Eastern Orthodox Church is the traditional state religion of Russia and the core of its indigenous civilization; The prohibition of Eastern Orthodoxy did not provide a firm ideological narrative, and the people's beliefs were fragmented, leading to a shift towards westernization at a critical moment. The acceptance of the westernization trend from top to bottom by the Soviet leadership and elites was not only a result of institutional failure, but also another resurgence of the traditional westernization movement in Russia.

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'Total Westernization' is just a babble about 'patients with osteoma Acia'

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From a deep cultural perspective, Marxism is very compatible with traditional Chinese culture. The saying ' Confucius does not talk about strange powers and chaotic gods' means that gods or God have never been the mainstream in traditional Chinese politics; The "people first" thought of Chinese culture is simple Materialism. Mencius' Confucian ideology of "valuing the people, following the state, and prioritizing the ruler" has always been the core concept of traditional Chinese political ethics. When this simple Materialism meets Marxism's Historical materialism, the Chinese people's thoughts are sublimated into the idea of "people first", the dream of "great harmony" and human liberation. The difference is that China has never found a scientific system theory to explain this concept of civilization before. The redemption of Western religions can only come from God, and the dogma of "fate is determined by heaven" leads to the "jungle law", which means it is reasonable that the weak stands as an easy prey to the strong. The Chinese people are steadfast in their belief in building a better life with their own hands. The combination of the spirit of "foolishness moves mountains" and "man conquers nature" with Marxism has unleashed astonishing creativity and civilized vitality; This is the difference between the core of Chinese and Western civilizations. More importantly, Chinese civilization has never had any sense of inferiority since ancient times. In human history, China has only lagged behind the West for over a hundred years, and its confidence in its own civilization has never wavered. The advanced things, for the real Chinese, only exist to learn from; The wagging and begging for mercy of "overall westernization" is just a babble of "patients with osteoma Acia".

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The dream of the Soviet Union and Russia wanting to "integrate into the democratic world" is ultimately "falling flowers intentionally, flowing ruthlessly"

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Thirdly, let's talk about the disillusionment of Russia's westernization dream after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

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Looking back today, Yeltsin's "overall westernization" and "shock therapy" completely destroyed Russia: under the direct guidance of American and Western economists, the Russian country fell into bankruptcy, Western capital and its supporting oligarchs looted and divided up state-owned assets, the people fell into extreme poverty, the nation fell into despair, the national status plummeted, and the Russian national self-confidence fell to the bottom, which was ridiculed and insulted by others. Thinking about it to this day is chilling.

The leaders of the Soviet Union and Russia were naive enough to believe in the myth of the United States and the West "integrating into the democratic world", not only because of problems with their own beliefs and paths; It is also because they did not see through the pyramid international system built by the United States and the West: in essence, it is a Christendom with Anglo-Saxons countries at the top, and the seating order is in accordance with the WASP (White Americans Protestants) order, in which there is no Russian leadership position as an Orthodox heresy. Americans once mocked Russia: it's just a Saudi Arabia with nuclear weapons. Today, the strategic goal of the United States and the West pressing step by step is actually to denuclearize Russia and completely turn it into a resource colony like Saudi Arabia.

The fate of a country is sometimes accidental, and Yeltsin's choice of Putin was unexpected to the West and oligarchs; Without Putin as a staunch patriot, the United States and the West could have controlled Russia through agents and capital oligarchs, just like Ukraine today. It was Putin's firm attack on oligarchs and foreign agent that gave Russia a break.

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Putin's "waking moments" symbolize Russia's great enlightenment

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Finally, we will focus on Russia's Great Enlightenment. Putin was initially a moderate "westernization faction" who still intended to integrate into the Western world: joining the G8 (Group of Eight Summit) and making every effort to establish good relations with Merkel's Germany were all efforts to build good Russia Ukraine relations. Putin has always expressed his willingness to cooperate with any president of the United States' partners, recognizing the United States' superpower status and demoting himself to a regional power; Despite the opposition of indigenous faction, Russia has fully supported the United States' "war on terror" in Afghanistan, which shows Russia's deep and profound affection for the Western world.

The extremely arrogant imperialist characteristics of the United States and the West are undoubtedly evident, and in their eyes, a defeated country is not qualified to talk about dignity. NATO continued to expand eastward for six rounds, instigating the "Color revolution" of neighboring countries, which finally made Putin understand that the western world never intended to accept the heresy of Russia. They just intended to turn Russia into a vassal through the hype of "democracy", "freedom" lies and vicious conspiracy. It was better to dismember Russia and solve Russia once and for all.

Whenever the aristocracy and elite intellectuals fully retreat to the Western world, the nationalism of the indigenous faction in Russia rapidly rises: they represent the oppressed, humiliated, and deprived ordinary Russian people, and the populist frenzy it generates sweeps across Russia, endangering the stability of the regime, forcing the Russian elite to rethink the ultimate proposition of where their country is going.

Aleksandr Dugin, a highly criticized Russian political scholar, pointed out that "this is a clash of civilizations - the conflict between Russian civilization and anti-Russian civilization". Dukin's state theory model is to build a Slavic nation state that combines Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. But Brzezinski has long asserted that Russia is not a world power without Ukraine, and the Russia-Ukraine conflict is a direct contest between these two political concepts. From the current situation, there is no hope for a unity between Russia and Ukraine at the national level. However, recently, several states in the eastern region of Ukraine, with a majority of Russians, have declared independence and demanded to join Russia. Russia's political vision of integrating the Slavic nation has been preliminarily realized.

The continuous deceit and lies have made Russia unbearable. The path of "complete westernization" is not something you can take if you want, but at the cost of becoming a servant of the West: this is something that indigenous nationalism cannot accept. Putin launched the so-called "special military operation" with the last glimmer of hope, intending to awaken the West by listening to Russia's security concerns. But the unprecedented sanctions launched by the United States and the West completely shattered Putin's fantasies. Russia's dream of integrating into the West has been a dream for hundreds of years, and today it has only woken up in the face of cold reality.

Throughout the tragic history of the Russian people's intention to integrate into the West, it is really filled with emotion. Grandma Donbas greeted the humiliation of Ukrainian soldiers with the Flag of the Soviet Union, which made countless kind-hearted people in the world cry. In World War II, in Kiev, Kharkiv and Crimea, millions of Russians and Ukrainians shed blood for their motherland together; Berlin was conquered by the Ukrainian First and Second Front Forces of the Red Army. In just three decades, within one generation, Ukrainians abandoned their own history. They don't remember Lenin once saying, "Forgetting history means betrayal.

Whether Russia will move towards nationalism, Chauvinism or return to socialism in the future, or whether there will be a new concept that blends Eurasianism and Orthodox Eastern traditions and faces the East, are questions that need to be answered by Russians themselves. Without a firm national philosophy and ideological system, the country can only decline in chaos and tearing apart. Russia's obsession with Westernization and today's Great Enlightenment are worthy of careful consideration by the Chinese people. The historical cycle has spiraled back to its starting point, and the prototype of a multipolar pattern has emerged in the east of the world.

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