Many companies that do not have great financial resources do not pay much attention to the protection of electronic modules and components from static charges. Audit of customers in such companies rarely pays attention to the measurements of parameters and the performance of protection.
I want to share the basics of protecting electronic products in enterprises. The main generator of static charges is a person (about 10,000 Volts) and equipment, but the worse the environment is adapted, the more damage the person invisibly inflicts.
What is protection made up of? This is a multi-stage defense!
- Human clothing. No wool, only special clothes - shoes, gown, gloves, masks, caps with the ESD nameplate. All this prevents a sharp leakage of charges from a person. Charges smoothly flow down on everything that a person touches. The generation of static charges on a person occurs due to his movement and friction of surfaces.
- Environment. The ability of air to pass charged particles is very high and enterprises are required to use technologies for air humidification to the required value of 45-50% by hygrometer. Humid air prevents the buildup of static charge on surfaces. The ideal air temperature is 70 degrees Fahrenheit or 21 degrees Celsius.
- Equipment grounding. Any operating equipment has electromagnetic induction, which generates static charges on the surfaces of the equipment. Based on this, all equipment must be grounded to a separate ground bus, which must be operational and tested. You can not connect to grounding buses if you are not sure of their integrity and performance.
- Grounding of workplaces and people. The ESD wrist strap is the first measure to ensure the safety of electronic modules during assembly. The ESD wrist strap is a conductor that connects to an ESD outlet with a built-in resistance of 1 megaOhm per 2 Watts. The ESD outlet is connected to the ground bus. It is also desirable to connect the workplace, table and mat through an ESD outlet in order to prevent a sharp confluence of emerging charges into the ground.
- The floor of the room. It consists of a special composition that conducts electric current, inside of which there are copper conductors connected to the ground bus. Any generation of charges from the movement of a person and equipment is also smoothly neutralized through the floor.
- ESD gate at the entrance to the working area. By pushing a person to a plate on the floor and touching a plate on the surface with a finger, charges leak from a person into the ground.
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