Positive Behaviour Support in Care

What is PBS?

Positive behaviour support is defined by the Care Quality Commission (CQC) in England as “a person centered framework for providing long term support”.

The very first fundamental step in effectively implementing PBS is gaining insight into the needs of the individual. This is done through assessment and understanding of both the physical and social environments that the individual is in. This understanding also encompasses thoughts and emotions of the supported person, as well as the individuals within the supported environment, such as family, friends and other care staff. Once an understanding of the service user's physical and mental state is gained, supportive measures can accurately be put into play to enhance the quality of life and care.

By adopting a PBS approach, the aim is for supported people to experience and achieve a sense of independence, being both assisted and encouraged with the necessary tools to progress to a more independent life.

The Key Components

In order to successfully implement a positive behaviour support approach that is effective, there are a number of key elements and principles to bear in mind. These are as follows:

??Person Centered Approach - focusing on unique needs, preferences and strengths

??Functional Behaviour Assessment (FBA) - a process used to help understanding the behaviours that challenge and helps identify the underlying cause

??Positive Reinforcement - emphasis is placed on reinforcing positive behaviours rather than punishing challenging ones

??Proactive Strategies - implementing strategies and interventions to help prevent challenging behaviours from occurring

??Collaboration - PBS is often a team effort involving collaboration between service user, family, caregivers, teachers etc

??Replacement Behaviours - PBS aims to teach individuals alternative, more appropriate behaviours to meet their needs

??Data and Monitoring - monitoring and collecting data on behaviours are essential, as this helps when evaluating effectiveness of interventions

??Cultural Sensitivity - support strategies are adapted to be culturally appropriate and sensitive to individual values

The positive behavioural support approach is widely used in a variety of settings, including schools, community services and homes to enhance the overall wellbeing of individuals with challenging behaviours.

Why is PBS beneficial?

Positive behaviour support is beneficial as it allows for a shift of focus from punishment to positive reinforcement. This reinforcement is individualised, prevents challenging behaviours and involves collaboration. On top of this, positive reinforcement helps encourage skill development and in turn, reduces the use of restrictive methods.

A well constructed PBS plan is developed from functional assessment results. There are two types of strategies used when coming up with a plan - these are proactive and reactive. Proactive strategies ensure daily needs are met, whilst incorporating approaches that benefit from effective communication. Reactive strategies are crafted to safeguard individuals from harm. Both types of strategies should be covered and considered when creating a behavioural support plan for a service user. A PBS approach is all about creating a positive impact in the individual’s life. Rather than living risk averse, a PBS calls for the service user to challenge themselves in the pursuit of living a more independent life.

Implementing PBS as a Care Provider

As a caregiver, there are several steps you can take to contribute to the successful implementation of positive behaviour support. You can consider:

??Staying informed and educated - stay informed about best practices, attend relevant workshops and training sessions to further your understanding

??Encourage community - foster your individual’s participation in community activities and social interactions to provide opportunities to skill development

??Foster positive relationships - cultivate positive and supportive relationships with the service user by creating an environment that they feel safe and understood in

??Collaborate in PBS plan development - work closely with colleagues/family to create a PBS plan for the individual, sharing knowledge about strengths, likes, dislikes etc

??Participate in assessments - provide insights into routines, preferences, triggers and and behaviour patterns you’re aware of

??Understanding person centered planning - advocate for the inclusion of the individual’s voice and choices

??Support for skill development - actively support the individual in learning new skills, and reinforce positive behaviours with praise and rewards

One of the most important key things you can do to help as a carer is to cultivate a positive and supportive environment in the home or the care setting provided. A nurturing, friendly atmosphere contributes greatly to the success of PBS plans by promoting overall well-being. By participating in assessments, planning, implementing strategies and fostering relationships, you play a vital role in making positive behaviour support a reality for the individual you are caring for. Your commitment and collaboration contribute significantly to the success of PBS. Be sure to take your time and allow yourself patience when working towards implementation, as a rushed approach will likely lead to lower quality of care.

A PBS approach is all about creating a positive impact in the individual’s life, and that is what we strive for here at The SKA Group Ltd. We have several support and care roles available - get in touch to find out more if you’d like to start a rewarding career helping others. We have several more helpful articles on care work fundamentals, as well as job hunting advice, so be sure to check out our socials too! ??