Politics in Islam Series (17): Strength in Leadership: Mastery Over Self and Others

In Islamic governance, strength encompasses two key dimensions: strength over oneself and strength over others. Both are essential for effective leadership and upholding justice.

Strength Over Oneself

True strength begins with mastering one's own soul. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) clarified this concept when he said:

"The strong one is not the one who can overpower others in physical combat; rather, the strong one is the one who controls himself when angry." (Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim)

This inner strength is a hallmark of great leaders, as Allah describes Yahya (John) in the Quran:

"...a leader, abstinent, and a prophet among the righteous." (Surah Aal-E-Imran, 3:39)

Such self-mastery transforms a person into a true mujahid, striving against the inner enemies of the soul—desires, anger, and the whispers of Satan. This is the essence of the greater jihad (struggle).

Strength Over Others

The second dimension is strength in managing and guiding others. A leader must possess the authority and capacity to command justice, maintain order, and inspire people toward righteousness. However, this strength must be coupled with qualities like forbearance, patience, and compassion to avoid tyranny or injustice.

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said:

"The strong believer is better and more beloved to Allah than the weak believer, though both have good in them." (Sahih Muslim)

This dual strength ensures that a leader can both discipline themselves and lead others effectively, embodying the balance of authority and humility required in Islamic leadership.

Striking the Balance

Without inner strength, a leader's external authority may lead to arrogance or impulsiveness, harming both themselves and those they govern. Conversely, lacking strength over others can result in chaos, as people stray from obligations and indulge in prohibited actions.

The ideal leader possesses both types of strength, balancing them to fulfill their duties. This balance enables them to:

1. Master their own desires and emotions.
2. Uphold justice, enforce the truth, and protect the rights of the people.

A Lesson for Aspiring Leaders

Aspiring leaders should reflect on these qualities as they prepare for roles of responsibility:

• Strength over oneself builds resilience and prevents personal failings from affecting leadership.
• Strength over others ensures justice, guidance, and protection for the community.

Islamic leadership demands this harmony to achieve its ultimate goal: serving humanity in accordance with Allah’s guidance. For modern leaders, the ability to balance these strengths is not just a requirement—it is a path to fulfilling their trust in the eyes of Allah.