Policy Initiatives Supporting Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) in the UK

Are you aware of the policies which drive us when designing drainage systems?

Do you know what policies we have to adhere to?

This article explores the key policy initiatives informing our designs and examines their significance in encouraging sustainable urban environments.

Key Policy Frameworks and Initiatives

Several policy frameworks and initiatives have been instrumental in promoting SuDS across the UK. These policies are largely shaped by the overarching need to address environmental concerns, comply with European directives, and adapt to the challenges posed by climate change.

1. The Flood and Water Management Act 2010

One of the cornerstone pieces of legislation supporting SuDS in England and Wales is the Flood and Water Management Act 2010. This Act gives local authorities the responsibility to manage flood risk and includes provisions for the adoption and maintenance of SuDS. The Act also requires that new developments use SuDS to manage surface water, which is a significant step towards integrating sustainable drainage solutions into mainstream planning processes.

2. National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF)

The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) in England strongly advocates for the use of SuDS in all major developments. It emphasises that developments should not increase flood risk elsewhere and should manage surface water in a way that promotes infiltration and reduces pollution. The NPPF encourages local planning authorities to require SuDS wherever possible and to ensure they are incorporated effectively into planning approvals and conditions.

3. Water Framework Directive (WFD) and River Basin Management Plans

The European Union’s Water Framework Directive (WFD) has been a significant driver for the adoption of SuDS in the UK. Although the UK has left the EU, the principles of the WFD continue to influence water management policies. River Basin Management Plans, developed under the WFD, aim to improve the quality of water bodies and promote sustainable water management practices, including the use of SuDS. These plans provide a framework for local authorities and water companies to collaborate in reducing pollution and managing flood risks.

4. Welsh Government’s SuDS Standards

In Wales, the Welsh Government has taken proactive steps to mandate the use of SuDS. Since January 2019, all new developments of more than one dwelling or where the construction area is 100 square metres or more are required to have SuDS that comply with national standards. These standards ensure that SuDS are designed to manage water quantity and quality, support biodiversity, and are maintained for the lifetime of the development. This policy positions Wales as a leader in sustainable drainage practices within the UK.

5. Scotland’s Water Industry and SuDS

Scotland has also been active in promoting SuDS through its water management policies. Scottish Water, the publicly owned water utility, is a key player in the adoption of SuDS. The company encourages the use of sustainable drainage through its Surface Water Management Strategy, which integrates SuDS into new developments to reduce pressure on the existing sewer network. Scottish Planning Policy further supports this by recommending SuDS as the preferred option for surface water management in new developments.

6. Northern Ireland’s Sustainable Water – A Long-Term Water Strategy (2015-2040)

In Northern Ireland, the government’s "Sustainable Water – A Long-Term Water Strategy (2015-2040)" outlines the need for innovative water management practices, including the use of SuDS. This strategy provides a comprehensive framework for managing water resources sustainably, addressing the challenges of climate change, and protecting the natural environment. It encourages the use of SuDS in both urban and rural settings to mitigate flood risks and enhance water quality.

Challenges and Opportunities

While significant progress has been made in integrating SuDS into UK policy, there are still challenges to their widespread adoption. One of the main barriers is the perception of higher initial costs associated with SuDS compared to traditional drainage systems. Additionally, there can be technical challenges in retrofitting SuDS into existing urban environments where space and land use are constrained.

However, these challenges also present opportunities.

The long-term benefits of SuDS, including reduced flood risk, improved water quality, and enhanced urban green spaces, often outweigh the initial costs. Furthermore, advances in design and technology are making SuDS more adaptable and cost-effective.

Conclusion

The policy initiatives supporting SuDS in the UK reflect a growing recognition of the importance of sustainable water management in the face of climate change and urbanisation. By embedding SuDS into planning frameworks and legislative requirements, the UK is making strides towards creating resilient and sustainable communities.

So, when you question your drainage designer as to why they need to do something, bear in mind these policies which inform the design.