A Playful Approach to Occupational Therapy

The world of Occupational Therapy is a constant quest for an optimal therapeutic approach. Identifying methods that engage, are meaningful and address therapy goals remains a significant challenge.

Among these methodologies, the integration of play stands out as an intrinsically motivated avenue for young participants to meaningfully engage in therapy sessions. However, while play bears immense potential in fostering developmental growth, its adaptation to the diverse needs of children and individual therapy targets involves significant complexities.?

As we are approaching the Occupational Therapy Show 2023, we have decided share our thoughts and findings on the advantages and challenges of incorporating play into OT.

Why Play?

According to Dr Niina Kolehmainen from Newcastle University “Play is an essential domain of childhood”.

At its core, play is how we learn and interact with the world around us. Consider the first games we play as children e.g. Peekaboo, when we learn motor skills and visual tracking.

Various forms of play provide engaging ways for children to learn essential skills. Play is also an excellent motivator for physical exercise to develop gross motor skills, while also encouraging participants to maintain a healthy lifestyle.?

Furthermore, the simplicity of play has the potential to increase children’s self-confidence and wellbeing, and improve their sensory regulation.

How is play already used in OT?

The integration of a playful approach within the OT community has become increasingly prevalent, offering a dynamic and engaging way to address various therapeutic goals.

Play as a Means to an End

By incorporating playful activities, therapists can create a motivating and enjoyable environment that facilitates the development of essential skills.

Play as a Primary Occupational Outcome

Play has emerged as a fundamental aspect of the therapeutic process itself. Therapists use play as a core occupational outcome, acknowledging its role in fostering social skills and emotional well-being.?

Play as a Reward

Utilising play as a reward has proven effective in motivating individuals to achieve specific therapeutic milestones. Incorporating enjoyable activities as a form of positive reinforcement encourages positive behaviours and active participation.?

Using Play to Assess, Promote Performance Skills or Function

Playful activities can also support both assessment of performance skills and function, and intervention, gaining insights into an individual's strengths, challenges, and areas of improvement.

Play as a Motivator

Recognising the motivational power of play, OTs leverage this approach to capture the interest and enthusiasm of participants.

Factors to Consider?when Incorporating Play

Now that we have explored the benefits of playful approaches in therapy, it’s time to consider some factors when bringing theory to practise.?

Cultural Context

Social and cultural contexts significantly influence children's expectations and preferences towards play. Understanding these factors helps therapists select activities that resonate with the children’s cultural backgrounds and social norms.

Impact of Physical Environment on Play Scenarios

When working with children with limited physical mobility or visual impairments, the design of the physical environment becomes crucial. Play spaces should be accessible, ensuring that all participants can navigate and engage comfortably.?

Social and Communication Skills

The social and communication abilities of children play a pivotal role in shaping their understanding of play. Therapists need to consider individual communication styles, preferences, and any potential challenges in social interaction.?

Neurodivergence

Recognising and understanding neurodivergence is essential in tailoring playful interventions. Different neurological conditions require varying approaches to play. For instance, autistic individuals may benefit from structured and predictable play activities, while those with ADHD might thrive in dynamic and energising environments.

If you would like to learn from other therapists who have incorporated play into their sessions and visit Cosmo at Booth K60 at the OT Show.

Please feel free to contact us at [email protected] or +44 7442 674373.?

Explore more in the guidelines created by the Royal College of Occupational Therapists - “Occupational Therapy and Play: Practice Guideline”.

About the Author: Ewa is the Community Manager at Cosmo by Filisia, passionate about incorporating playful technologies into therapy and education. In 2022, together with the Cosmo Team, Ewa took part in the LEGO Play For All Programme focused on designing playful solutions for neurodivergent learners.?