The Permanent Five, the Global South, forced conscription, and slave labor
Michael Horlick, MPM, M Ed., PMP
Educator, Lexicographer, and Incurable Idealist
Terms to note from today’s PRC Ministry of Foreign Affairs press conference:
Today’s quote:
乌克兰危机长期化不符合国际社会共同利益。此次穿梭外交的主要目的就是为止战凝聚共识，为和谈铺路搭桥。我们愿继续发挥自身独特作用，为推动政治解决乌克兰危机贡献中国智慧。?
The protraction of the Ukraine crisis does not serve the common interest of the international community.? The main objective of the upcoming round of shuttle diplomacy [of Special Representative of the Chinese Government on Eurasian Affairs Li Hui will visit Russia, the EU headquarters, Poland, Ukraine, Germany and France beginning March 2, 2024] is to build consensus for ceasefire and pave the way for peace talks. China stands ready to continue to play its role and contribute China’s wisdom to seeking a political settlement of the Ukraine crisis.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中国政府欧亚事务特别代表李辉将于3月2日起访问俄罗斯、欧盟总部、波兰、乌克兰、德国和法国，就推动政治解决乌克兰危机开展第二轮穿梭外交。?
Starting from March 2 [2024], Special Representative of the Chinese Government on Eurasian Affairs Li Hui will visit Russia, the EU headquarters, Poland, Ukraine, Germany and France for the second round of shuttle diplomacy on seeking a political settlement of the Ukraine crisis.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 28, 2024)?
?? 乌克兰危机全面升级已满两年，战事仍在持续延宕，当前最紧迫的就是恢复和平。早一天开启和谈，损失就会减少一分。过去两年来，我们从未放弃劝和的努力，从未停下促谈的脚步。中方同包括俄罗斯、乌克兰在内各国深入沟通，为应对危机发挥建设性作用。中方专门发布《关于政治解决乌克兰危机的中国立场》文件，派特使穿梭斡旋。中方没有袖手旁观，没有拱火浇油，更没有从中渔利。我们所做的一切，都通往一个目标，就是为止战凝聚共识，为和谈铺路搭桥。我们将继续发挥自身独特作用，开展穿梭外交，凝聚各方共识，为推动政治解决乌克兰危机贡献中国智慧。?
It has been two years since the full escalation of the Ukraine crisis began. As the conflict drags on, the most urgent priority now is to restore peace. The sooner peace talks begin, the less the damage that is done. In the past two years, China has never given up on promoting peace or slackened its efforts to facilitate talks. We had in-depth exchanges with countries including Russia and Ukraine, playing a constructive role in addressing the crisis. China also published its position paper on the political settlement of the crisis, and its special envoy traveled intensively to mediate among different parties. China has not sat idly by or added fuel to the flame, still less profiteered from the conflict. Behind all this, there is only one goal that China hopes to achieve, that is, to build consensus for ending the conflict and pave the way for peace talks. China will continue to play its role, carry out shuttle diplomacy, pool consensus and contribute China’s wisdom for the political settlement of the Ukraine crisis.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 28, 2024)?
?? 我们注意到，巴以冲突升级以来，中方积极开展外交斡旋，王毅外长同多国外长通电话，中国政府中东问题特使翟隽赴阿拉伯国家开展穿梭外交，积极推动停火止战。?
We have noted that since the escalation of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, China has engaged actively in diplomatic mediation efforts. Foreign Minister Wang Yi has spoken on the phone with foreign ministers of multiple countries and Zhai Jun, Special Envoy of the Chinese Government on the Middle East issue, has been to Arab countries for shuttle diplomacy, actively promoting ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on October 24, 2023)
Today’s quote:
需要指出的是，英国去年实施的《国家安全法》大量条款定义模糊、对执法部门授权宽泛，极易被滥用。?
It’s worth pointing out that the UK’s National Security Act that came into force last year contains many provisions with vague definitions and grants law enforcement agencies sweeping power, which can be easily abused.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 英国自诩“法治国家”，却公然干预已经进入司法程序的案件；英国刚刚出台《国家安全法》，却悍然反对中国香港国安立法，“双标”嘴脸暴露无遗，险恶用心昭然若揭。?
The UK apparently considers itself a country based on the rule of law, but it is now openly interfering in an ongoing judicial process. The UK has recently adopted its own National Security Bill, but it is now brazenly opposing China’s national security legislation for Hong Kong. That says everything about the UK’s hypocrisy and hidden agenda.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on December 13, 2023)
Today’s quote:
强征和奴役劳工是日本军国主义在对外侵略和殖民统治期间对包括中国、韩国等在内的亚洲国家人民犯下的严重人道主义罪行。?
Forced recruitment and enslavement of laborers is a grave crime against humanitarian law committed by the Japanese militarism during its aggression and colonial rule against the people of Asian countries, including China and the ROK.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 日本军国主义的侵略战争给受害国人民造成深重灾难，强征和奴役劳工是日本军国主义犯下的严重罪行，铁证如山，不容翻案。?
The war of aggression waged by Japanese militarists brought untold suffering to the people of victimized countries. Forced recruitment and enslavement of laborers are grave crimes committed by Japanese militarists. Those crimes are backed by ironclad evidence and shall not be denied.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on March 29, 2023)?
?? 强征和奴役劳工是日本军国主义在对外侵略和殖民统治期间对包括中国、韩国等在内的亚洲国家人民犯下的严重人道主义罪行。?
Forced recruitment and enslavement of laborers is a grave crime against humanitarian law committed by the Japanese militarism during its aggression and colonial rule against the people of Asian countries, including China and the ROK.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on March 17, 2023)?
?? 强征和奴役劳工是日本军国主义在对外侵略和殖民统治期间对包括中国、韩国等在内的亚洲国家人民犯下的严重人道主义罪行。?
Forced recruitment and enslavement of laborers is a grave crime against humanitarian law committed by the Japanese militarism during its aggression and colonial rule against the people of Asian countries, including China and the ROK.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on March 6, 2023)?
?? 强征和奴役劳工是日本军国主义在对外侵略和殖民统治期间犯下的严重罪行，不容任何形式的否认或美化。?
Forced recruitment and enslavement of laborers is a grave crime committed by the Japanese militarism during its overseas aggression and colonial rule. It shall not be denied or whitewashed in any way.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 24, 2022)
Today’s quote:
强征和奴役劳工是日本军国主义在对外侵略和殖民统治期间对包括中国、韩国等在内的亚洲国家人民犯下的严重人道主义罪行。这一历史事实铁证如山，不容否认和篡改。中方始终要求日本政府以诚实和负责任的态度妥善处理历史遗留问题。日方应当正视和深刻反省历史，以实际行动体现对历史罪行的忏悔和对受害者的尊重，并以正确史观教育下一代。只有这样，日本才能真正取信于亚洲邻国和国际社会。?
Forced recruitment and enslavement of laborers is a grave crime against humanitarian law committed by the Japanese militarism during its aggression and colonial rule against the people of Asian nations, including those of China and the ROK. The facts are backed by ironclad evidence and shall not be denied or altered. China has long asked the Japanese government to properly handle relevant issues left over from history with an honest and responsible attitude. Japan needs to face squarely and reflect on that part of history, and show remorse for its historical crimes and respect for the victims through concrete actions. Japan also needs to shape a correct view of history among the younger generation. Only by doing so can Japan truly earn the trust of its Asian neighbors and the wider international community.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 日本军国主义的侵略战争给受害国人民造成深重灾难，强征和奴役劳工是日本军国主义犯下的严重罪行，铁证如山，不容翻案。?
The war of aggression waged by Japanese militarists brought untold suffering to the people of victimized countries. Forced recruitment and enslavement of laborers are grave crimes committed by Japanese militarists. Those crimes are backed by ironclad evidence and shall not be denied.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on March 29, 2023)?
?? 强征和奴役劳工是日本军国主义在对外侵略和殖民统治期间对包括中国、韩国等在内的亚洲国家人民犯下的严重人道主义罪行。?
Forced recruitment and enslavement of laborers is a grave crime against humanitarian law committed by the Japanese militarism during its aggression and colonial rule against the people of Asian countries, including China and the ROK.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on March 17, 2023)?
?? 强征和奴役劳工是日本军国主义在对外侵略和殖民统治期间对包括中国、韩国等在内的亚洲国家人民犯下的严重人道主义罪行。?
Forced recruitment and enslavement of laborers is a grave crime against humanitarian law committed by the Japanese militarism during its aggression and colonial rule against the people of Asian countries, including China and the ROK.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on March 6, 2023)?
?? 日本曾非法侵占并在台湾实行长达半个世纪的殖民统治，杀害了60多万台湾同胞，掠夺大量当地资源，并强征包括东南亚国家在内的多国劳工，许多人被折磨致死。?
Japan once illegally invaded and occupied Taiwan and kept the island under its colonial rule for as long as five decades. It has killed more than 600,000 of our Taiwan compatriots, plundered local resources there, and forcibly recruited laborers from countries in East Asia and elsewhere, many of whom were tortured to death.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on August 8, 2022)
Today’s quote:
作为发展中国家，中国是“全球南方”的当然成员，始终同广大发展中国家同呼吸、共命运，坚定维护发展中国家共同利益。习近平主席就巩固和深化同发展中国家关系提出一系列重要战略思想和方针政策。我们秉持真实亲诚理念和正确义利观，坚决捍卫主权独立和不干涉内政原则，坚决维护发展中国家的正当权利和发展空间。我们主张平等有序的世界多极化，推动国际秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展，提升发展中国家代表性和话语权。我们倡导普惠包容的经济全球化，同发展中国家共享机遇，实现共同发展。中国将始终与广大发展中国家站在一起，以构建人类命运共同体为指引，推动落实全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议，高质量共建“一带一路”，践行全人类共同价值，推动世界走向和平、安全、繁荣、进步的光明前景。?
As a developing country, China, a natural member of the Global South, has invariably stood in solidarity with fellow developing countries through thick and thin and firmly upheld the common interests of developing countries. President Xi Jinping has put forth important strategic guidelines and policies to consolidate and deepen our relations with fellow developing countries. We follow the principle of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith and the principle of pursuing the greater good and shared interests, and firmly uphold sovereignty, independence, the principle of non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, and the legitimate rights and development opportunities of developing countries. We call for an equal and orderly multipolar world to make the international order more just and equitable and to raise the representation and say of developing countries. We call for a universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization to share opportunities with other developing countries for common development. China will always stand together with developing countries, work towards building a community with a shared future for mankind, advance together the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative, pursue high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, apply the common values of humanity and work for a peaceful, safer and prosperous world with a bright future.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 习近平主席在第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛开幕式上宣布中方提出《全球人工智能治理倡议》，得到国际社会的高度关注和积极评价。 。。。 一些发展中国家认为，人工智能规则制定不能仅由少数发达国家说了算，应增强“全球南方”在人工智能领域的话语权，推动构建公平公正的人工智能国际治理体系。?
President Xi Jinping announced China’s Global AI Governance Initiative at the opening ceremony of the third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. The Initiative has received high attention and positive comments from the international community. ... Some developing countries noted that AI rules-making cannot be determined by a few developed countries. It is important to increase the say of the Global South and build a fair and equitable international governance system in the area of AI.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on November 28, 2023)?
?? 我们注意到，金砖扩员受到国际社会广泛关注。国际媒体评论称，此次扩员是金砖机制发展的重要里程碑，体现了“全球南方”崛起的历史潮流，也体现了不同区域国家对多极化国际秩序的共同期待。?
We noted that the BRICS expansion has attracted wide attention from the international community. International media outlets say that it is an important milestone for the development of the BRICS mechanism. It represents the historical trend of the rise of the Global South and the common expectation from countries in different regions for a multipolar international order.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on August 28, 2023)?
?? 当地时间昨天上午，习近平主席在比勒陀利亚同南非总统拉马福萨举行了富有成果的会谈并共同会见记者。 。。。习近平主席就推动中南关系进一步发展、构建高水平中南命运共同体提出四点建议。 。。。第四，中南要做维护正义的全球伙伴。独立自主是中南共同坚守的原则。中方愿同南非等发展中国家一道落实全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议，践行真正的多边主义，提升“全球南方”国家在全球治理中的代表性和发言权，维护发展中国家的共同利益和发展空间。?
On yesterday morning local time, President Xi held fruitful talks with President Ramaphosa in Pretoria, and the two presidents jointly met the press.? ... President Xi Jinping made a four-point proposal on elevating China-South Africa relations and building a high-quality China-South Africa community with a shared future. ... Fourth, China and South Africa should be global partners with a commitment to justice. Independence is a principle upheld by both countries. China is ready to work with South Africa and other developing countries to jointly implement the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, practice true multilateralism, increase the representation and voice of the Global South in global governance, safeguard the shared interests and development space of developing countries.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on August 23, 2023)?
?? 上周末我台播出的德国纪录片中提到，联合国粮农组织向来以减少“全球南方”国家农民对农药的依赖为己任，但在屈冬玉总干事的领导下，该机构却偏离了这一目标，转而促进农药行业发展。?
Permanent Five A German documentary that was aired this weekend by ARD German TV and Radio comes to the conclusion that the UN food agency, FAO, under its head Mr. Qu has deviated from its cause of reducing the reliance of farmers on pesticides in countries of the Global South but promoting pesticides industry.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on July 3, 2023)
美国泛化国家安全概念，诬称中方购买美国公民敏感数据从事恶意活动，禁止数据流向包括中国在内的所谓“受关注国家”，是明显针对特定国家的歧视性做法，中方对此坚决反对。?
The US overstretches the concept of national security, falsely accuses China of purchasing American’s personal and sensitive data for malicious activities, and prevents the transfer of data to so-called “countries of concern” including China. These are discriminatory practices clearly targeted at certain countries. China firmly rejects these measures.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)
Today’s quote:
整个安理会体系为五个常任理事国的利益服务，其他会员国只能自行维护自身利益。?
The entire system is geared up to serve the interests of these Permanent Five while the rest of the countries are left to defend for themselves.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 安理会的五个常任理事国中，四个都在忙乌克兰的事。中国作为负责任的安理会成员，将采取什么行动避免当前局势升级成大规模战争？?
领英推荐
Four of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council are preoccupied with what is happening in Ukraine. As a responsible member of the UN Security Council, what actions will China take to prevent the current situation from escalating into a full-blown war?? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on April 22, 2022)?
?? 自1990年以来，中国已向近30项联合国维和行动派出维和人员5万余人次。中国是联合国维和行动第二大出资国和重要出兵国，在五个常任理事国中派出维和人员数量名列第一，目前有2200余人在联合国8个任务区执行任务。?
Since 1990, China has dispatched over 50,000 peacekeepers to nearly 30 UN peacekeeping missions. It is the second largest funding contributor to UN peacekeeping operations and an important troop provider, contributing more peacekeepers than any other permanent members of the Security Council. More than 2,200 Chinese peacekeepers are now on duty in eight mission areas.? (Position Paper on China’s Cooperation with the United Nations_中国联合国合作立场文件_2021_10_22)?
?? 中国是联合国安理会五个常任理事国中派遣维和军事人员最多的国家。欧盟是全球最大对外援助方。?
China is the largest contributor of peacekeepers among the Permanent Members of the UN Security Council, and the EU is the largest aid provider in the world.? (Xi_Jinping_Friendship and Cooperation Bring Better Life To Both China and Europe_2014_03_29)
Today’s quote:
安理会改革是联合国整体改革的有机组成部分。中方支持对安理会进行必要的改革，使安理会更好地履行维护国际和平与安全的重要职责，更好地应对当前重大全球性挑战。我们认为，改革应当切实增加发展中国家的代表性和发言权，让更多中小国家有机会参与安理会决策，把维护国际社会团结合作放在重要位置，通过会员国认真充分协商，寻求最广泛共识，达成“一揽子”解决方案。改革应当让所有会员国都从中受益，而不是服务少数国家私利。?
The reform of the Security Council is an integral part of the reform of the UN as a whole. China supports necessary reform of the Security Council so that it can better fulfill its important responsibilities of maintaining international peace and security and better respond to major global challenges in today’s world. We believe that the reform of the Security Council should effectively increase the representation and say of developing countries and give more small and medium-sized countries the opportunity to participate in the decision-making of the organization. Upholding solidarity and cooperation of the international community should be a priority and member states need to seek the broadest possible consensus for a package solution through serious and thorough consultations. The reform should benefit all member states, rather than serving the selfish interests of a few.?(Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 各方应维护联大安理会改革政府间谈判主渠道地位，坚持会员国主导原则，通过充分民主协商，达成最广泛的政治共识，就改革涉及的五大类问题，寻求兼顾各方利益和关切的“一揽子”解决方案。?
All parties should uphold the role of the intergovernmental negotiations on Security Council reform as the main channel, follow the member state-led principle, reach the most extensive political consensus through full and democratic consultation, and seek a package solution that addresses the interests and concerns of all parties on the five clusters of key issues related to the reform.? (Proposal of the People’s Republic of China on the Reform and Development of Global Governance_《关于全球治理变革和建设的中国方案》_2023_09_13)?
?? 当前，伊核全面协议恢复履约谈判进入最后阶段，全面协议重返正轨迎来重要机遇。同时，仍有一些重要问题需要解决，各方正开展密集磋商，寻求一揽子解决方案。?
Negotiations on resuming compliance with the JCPOA have entered the final stage, presenting an important opportunity to bring the agreement back on track. At the same time, there are still some important issues that need to be resolved. All parties are conducting intensive consultations to seek a package solution.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 14, 2022)
Today’s quote:
我们秉持真实亲诚理念和正确义利观，坚决捍卫主权独立和不干涉内政原则，坚决维护发展中国家的正当权利和发展空间。?
We follow the principle of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith and the principle of pursuing the greater good and shared interests, and firmly uphold sovereignty, independence, the principle of non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, and the legitimate rights and development opportunities of developing countries.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中华人民共和国促进大国协调和良性互动，按照亲诚惠容理念和与邻为善、以邻为伴方针发展同周边国家关系，秉持真实亲诚理念和正确义利观同发展中国家团结合作，维护和践行多边主义，参与全球治理体系改革和建设。?
The People's Republic of China works to promote coordination and sound interaction with other major countries and grow relations with its neighboring countries in accordance with the principle of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness and the policy of enhancing friendship and partnership with its neighbors. Guided by the principle of sincerity, delivering outcomes, affinity and good faith and the vision of promoting common good and shared interests, it works to strengthen solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries. The People's Republic of China upholds and practices multilateralism and participates in the reform and development of the global governance system.? (Law on Foreign Relations of the People's Republic of China_中华人民共和国对外关系法_2023_06_28)?
?? 秉持真实亲诚理念和正确义利观加强同发展中国家团结合作，维护发展中国家共同利益。?
Guided by the principles of sincerity, real results, affinity, and good faith and with a commitment to the greater good and shared interests, China endeavors to strengthen solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries and safeguard the common interests of the developing world.? (Xi_Jinping_Speech at the 20th National Party Congress_2022_10_16)
?? 中国始终秉持正确义利观和真实亲诚理念发展对非关系，愿同非洲朋友一道，坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，维护以联合国为核心的国际体系，维护国际公平正义，推动落实全球安全倡议，构建新时代中非命运共同体。?
China is committed to pursuing the greater good and shared interests and develops its relations with African countries under the principle of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith. We are willing to work with our African friends to promote common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, uphold the UN-centered international system and international fairness and justice, put into practice the Global Security Initiative, and build a China-Africa community with a shared future in the new era.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on July 28, 2022)
?? 中国积极发展全球伙伴关系，构建总体稳定、均衡发展的大国关系框架，按照亲诚惠容理念和与邻为善、以邻为伴周边外交方针深化同周边国家关系，秉持正确义利观和真实亲诚理念加强同发展中国家团结合作。?
China has actively developed global partnerships. It works to establish a framework of major-country relations that is generally stable and balanced. In developing relations with neighboring countries, it applies the principles of amity, sincerity, inclusiveness, mutual benefit, and the policy of promoting friendly and neighborly ties. In strengthening cooperation with other developing countries, China pursues the greater good and shared interests, and applies the principles of sincerity, affinity, good faith and real results.? (White_Paper_Democracy in China_《中国的民主》_2021_12_04)
Today’s quote:
我们秉持真实亲诚理念和正确义利观，坚决捍卫主权独立和不干涉内政原则，坚决维护发展中国家的正当权利和发展空间。?
We follow the principle of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith and the principle of pursuing the greater good and shared interests, and firmly uphold sovereignty, independence, the principle of non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, and the legitimate rights and development opportunities of developing countries.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中华人民共和国促进大国协调和良性互动，按照亲诚惠容理念和与邻为善、以邻为伴方针发展同周边国家关系，秉持真实亲诚理念和正确义利观同发展中国家团结合作，维护和践行多边主义，参与全球治理体系改革和建设。?
The People's Republic of China works to promote coordination and sound interaction with other major countries and grow relations with its neighboring countries in accordance with the principle of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness and the policy of enhancing friendship and partnership with its neighbors. Guided by the principle of sincerity, delivering outcomes, affinity and good faith and the vision of promoting common good and shared interests, it works to strengthen solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries. The People's Republic of China upholds and practices multilateralism and participates in the reform and development of the global governance system.? (Law on Foreign Relations of the People's Republic of China_中华人民共和国对外关系法_2023_06_28)?
?? 秉持真实亲诚理念和正确义利观加强同发展中国家团结合作，维护发展中国家共同利益。?
Guided by the principles of sincerity, real results, affinity, and good faith and with a commitment to the greater good and shared interests, China endeavors to strengthen solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries and safeguard the common interests of the developing world.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on July 28, 2022)?
?? 中国始终秉持正确义利观和真实亲诚理念发展对非关系，愿同非洲朋友一道，坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，维护以联合国为核心的国际体系，维护国际公平正义，推动落实全球安全倡议，构建新时代中非命运共同体。?
China is committed to pursuing the greater good and shared interests and develops its relations with African countries under the principle of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith. We are willing to work with our African friends to promote common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, uphold the UN-centered international system and international fairness and justice, put into practice the Global Security Initiative, and build a China-Africa community with a shared future in the new era.? (Xi_Jinping_Speech at the 20th National Party Congress_2022_10_16)?
?? 中国积极发展全球伙伴关系，构建总体稳定、均衡发展的大国关系框架，按照亲诚惠容理念和与邻为善、以邻为伴周边外交方针深化同周边国家关系，秉持正确义利观和真实亲诚理念加强同发展中国家团结合作。?
China has actively developed global partnerships. It works to establish a framework of major-country relations that is generally stable and balanced. In developing relations with neighboring countries, it applies the principles of amity, sincerity, inclusiveness, mutual benefit, and the policy of promoting friendly and neighborly ties. In strengthening cooperation with other developing countries, China pursues the greater good and shared interests, and applies the principles of sincerity, affinity, good faith and real results.? (White_Paper_Democracy in China_《中国的民主》_2021_12_04)
Today’s quote:
英方相关声明粗暴干涉中国内政和香港事务，再次暴露了其根深蒂固的殖民思维和“教师爷”心态，中方对此坚决反对。英方所谓关切和担忧完全站不住脚。首先，《中英联合声明》没有赋予英方任何资格和权利干预香港事务。第二，23条立法的原则之一就是尊重和保障人权，依法保护香港居民根据香港基本法和相关国际公约适用于香港的有关规定享有的各项权利和自由。第三，构成危害国家安全犯罪的行为与正常的商业往来以及经济、文化、科技活动之间的界线是明确的。在港外国机构和人员的正常活动将依法受到保护。需要指出的是，英国去年实施的《国家安全法》大量条款定义模糊、对执法部门授权宽泛，极易被滥用。英方应当摆正心态，正视香港早已回归中国的现实，停止干涉香港事务，同时反躬自省，不要搞“双重标准”。?
The UK’s statement [released on February 28, 2024 the UK Foreign Secretary David Cameron saying that Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) government’s legislative proposals on Article 23 of the Basic Law do not uphold the obligations of the Sino-British Joint Declaration, which will have a negative impact on the people of Hong Kong in the exercise of their rights and freedoms and a risk that the work of international organizations in Hong Kong could be labeled as “foreign interference”] is a gross interference in China’s internal affairs and Hong Kong affairs, which lays bare again its deeply entrenched colonial mindset and mentality as a “lecturer”. China firmly opposes it. The UK’s “concerns” have no ground. First, the Sino-British Joint Declaration by no means put the UK in a position or gave it any right to interfere in Hong Kong affairs. Second, one of the principles that guide the legislation on Article 23 of the Basic Law is to respect and protect human rights, and protect in accordance with the law the rights and freedoms which the residents of Hong Kong enjoy under the Basic Law and the provisions of relevant international covenants as applied to Hong Kong. Third, there is a clear line drawn between acts that constitute an offence that endangers national security, and normal commercial exchanges and activities in the fields of economy, culture and science and technology. The normal activities of foreign institutions and personnel in the HKSAR will continue to be protected in accordance with law. It’s worth pointing out that the UK’s National Security Act that came into force last year contains many provisions with vague definitions and grants law enforcement agencies sweeping power, which can be easily abused. We urge the UK to find the right mindset, face squarely the fact that Hong Kong has already returned to China, stop interfering in Hong Kong affairs, reflect on its action, and end double standards.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 《中英联合声明》不容滥用。联合声明的核心要义是中国恢复对香港行使主权，英方对回归后的香港无主权、无治权、无监督权。?
The Sino-British Joint Declaration should not be wrongly cited. The essence of the Joint Declaration is to ensure that China resumes the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong. The UK has no sovereignty, jurisdiction or right of “supervision” over Hong Kong after its return to China.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on September 20, 2023)?
?? 英国对回归后的香港无主权、无治权、无监督权，中国政府治理香港的法律依据是中国宪法和香港基本法，绝不是《中英联合声明》。?
The UK has no sovereignty, no jurisdiction and no right of supervision over Hong Kong after its return to China. The legal basis for the Chinese government’s governance of Hong Kong is China’s Constitution and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong SAR, not the Sino-British Joint Declaration.? (White_Paper_Hong Kong Democratic Progress Under the Framework of One Country, Two Systems_“一国两制”下香港的民主发展_2021_12_20)?
?? 特别是1992年10月，末任总督刚上任就违反《中华人民共和国政府和大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国政府关于香港问题的联合声明》（《中英联合声明》）、违反与《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》（基本法）相衔接的原则、违反中英双方已经达成的协议和谅解，抛出所谓的“政改方案”，并不顾中方坚决反对，强行实施。?
In particular, in October 1992, soon after he took office, Chris Patten, the last Governor, presented a proposal for electoral reform which violated the Joint Declaration of the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the People’s Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong (Sino-British Joint Declaration), violated the principle of aligning Hong Kong’s future political system with the Basic Law, and violated previous agreements and understandings reached between the two sides. Known as the “Three Violations”, these were imposed in Hong Kong in the face of strong opposition from China.? (White_Paper_Hong Kong Democratic Progress Under the Framework of One Country, Two Systems_“一国两制”下香港的民主发展_2021_12_20)?
?? 1984年12月19日，中英两国政府在北京签署《中英联合声明》，其核心内容是确认中国政府1997年7月1日对香港恢复行使主权、英国政府同日将香港交还给中国，并对过渡期作出安排。?
On December 19, 1984, the Sino-British Joint Declaration was signed in Beijing. The document specified that the government of the People’s Republic of China would resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong with effect from July 1, 1997 and that the government of the United Kingdom would restore Hong Kong to the PRC with effect from July 1, 1997.? (White_Paper_Hong Kong Democratic Progress Under the Framework of One Country, Two Systems_“一国两制”下香港的民主发展_2021_12_20)
Today’s quote:
我们秉持真实亲诚理念和正确义利观，坚决捍卫主权独立和不干涉内政原则，坚决维护发展中国家的正当权利和发展空间。?
We follow the principle of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith and the principle of pursuing the greater good and shared interests, and firmly uphold sovereignty, independence, the principle of non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, and the legitimate rights and development opportunities of developing countries.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 29, 2024)
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 我们一贯主张根据《联合国宪章》宗旨原则和国际法处理国与国之间的关系，尊重和维护各国主权独立和领土完整。?
China stands for handling the relations between countries based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and international law, and respecting and protecting all countries’ sovereign independence and territorial integrity.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on January 18, 2024)?
?? 中海关系之所以实现跨越式发展，归根于深厚互信，中国和海合会国家始终相互支持彼此主权独立，尊重各自发展道路，坚持大小国家一律平等，坚定维护多边主义。?
The leapfrog growth of China-GCC relations is attributed to the profound mutual trust. China and GCC countries have all along supported each other’s sovereignty and independence, respected each other’s development paths, upheld equality between countries regardless of their size, and stood firm in defending multilateralism.? (Xi_Jinping_Speech at the China-GCC Summit_2022_12_09)?
?? 中所作为两个主权独立国家，在平等互利基础上开展维护社会秩序、保护人民生命和财产安全、人道主义援助、自然灾害应对等领域合作，有利于促进所罗门群岛社会稳定和长治久安，也符合南太地区共同利益。?
As two independent and sovereign countries, China and Solomon Islands, on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, carry out cooperation in maintaining social order, protecting the safety of people's lives and property, conducting humanitarian aid and tackling natural disasters. It will benefit the Solomon Islands' social stability and long-term peace and order, and serve the common interests of the South Pacific region.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on April 28, 2022)?
?? 中国作为一个主权独立国家，我们完全有权利采取必要措施坚定捍卫自身的正当权益。?
China is an independent sovereign country. We have every right to do what is necessary to firmly defend our legitimate interests.? (Wang_Yi_Press Conference_2022_03_07)
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