PCI compliance for high-risk merchants - common issues audits find and how to pass it.

Introduction

If you’re a high-risk merchant processing credit card payments, PCI compliance is no doubt top of mind. Failing a PCI audit can mean hefty fines and losing the ability to accept cards - jeopardizing your business. While achieving compliance takes work, understanding the most common audit issues is half the battle. In this article, we’ll cover the five deficiencies auditors see time and time again. With some strategic planning, you can pass your next assessment with ease.

Issue #1 - Lack of Network Segmentation

One of the biggest red flags for auditors is when cardholder data (CHD) is accessible from an unprotected network segment. PCI requires properly isolating payment systems from other parts of your network like employee workstations. Without proper segmentation, a single infected computer could expose sensitive card data stored on your servers. To fix this, define clear network boundaries and implement firewalls, routers, switches or other devices to enforce them. Monitor for unauthorized traffic crossing segments as well. #PCIcompliance #networksecurity

Issue #2 - Outdated Anti-Virus Software

Dated anti-virus definitions leave major gaps in your ability to detect and remove malware. When auditors see antivirus more than a month out of date, it’s a violation. Keep definitions and engine updates current to block the latest threats. Consider deploying endpoint detection and response (EDR) for even stronger protection against unknown malware. Schedule automatic definition updates to avoid slipping through the cracks. #PCIcompliance #antivirus

Issue #3 - Insecure Wireless Networks

Many merchants mistakenly think Wi-Fi is optional for PCI compliance. But unencrypted wireless poses serious risks if attackers can intercept card data transmitted over the air. Configure WPA2 encryption with a strong pre-shared key on all access points. Also monitor for rogue devices and disable SSID broadcast to avoid “drive-by” connections. Don’t forget to change all default passwords on routers and access points too. #PCIcompliance #wirelesssecurity

Issue #4 - Missing Security Patches

Outdated software with unpatched vulnerabilities is a major no-no. When auditors find critical or high-risk patches missing from systems that touch cardholder data, it’s an automatic failure. To stay compliant, deploy all relevant vendor security updates within 30 days for critical patches or within 60 days for high-risk and lower-level patches. Consider using a centralized patch management tool for visibility and automation. #PCIcompliance #patchmanagement

Issue #5 - Inadequate Access Controls

Lax login controls make it too easy for bad actors to infiltrate your network. Auditors expect strong, unique passwords that are regularly changed. They also look for multi-factor authentication on remote access VPNs and any administrative access to databases or servers containing CHD. Tighten up password policies, enable MFA, and limit logins to only authorized IP addresses when possible. Remove unnecessary admin privileges from employee accounts too. #PCIcompliance #accesscontrols

Additional Tips to Sail Through Your Next Audit

A few other best practices can help shore up any other potential issues found during assessments:

- Document everything - Maintain detailed, up-to-date PCI policies, network diagrams, change management procedures and other required documentation. This shows auditors you take compliance seriously.

- Log payment apps and systems - Centralized logging with 90 days of records proves you can detect and investigate incidents in a timely manner.

- Train employees - Annual security awareness training reminds staff of their role protecting CHD and spotting social engineering attempts.

- Use secure payment processes - Follow PCI standards for handling, storing and transmitting card data during payment processing and on your website.

- Monitor third parties - If service providers like payment gateways or hosting companies interact with your payment systems, validate their own PCI compliance annually as well.

- Consider a PCI compliance tool - Automated scanning tools find vulnerabilities faster than manual reviews. They also provide continuous monitoring between audits.

Planning for Success

While the top audit issues provide a good starting point, don't forget the importance of planning. Schedule your annual PCI assessment at least three months in advance to allow time for remediation if needed.

Begin by thoroughly reviewing the PCI DSS requirements to refresh your understanding of what auditors will expect to see. Note any areas where your current controls may fall short. Develop a project plan with realistic timelines for strengthening security in these deficient sections.

Consider hiring a PCI compliance consultant to guide your preparation efforts if internal resources are limited. An expert can help identify gaps, prioritize remediation tasks and ensure all bases are covered to pass the audit on the first try.

Don't neglect the human element either. Boost employee awareness of their role in maintaining security with refresher training on topics like data protection, identifying social engineering and incident response procedures. A security-minded company culture will serve you well come assessment day.

Responding to Deficiencies

Even with thorough preparation, deficiencies may still arise during the audit. Don't panic - auditors understand remediation takes time and are generally willing to work with merchants making a good faith effort at compliance.

If issues surface, request an opportunity to provide evidence of corrective actions rather than failing on the spot. Document exactly how each control will be strengthened, including technical details, timelines and responsibilities. Follow up with the QSA to demonstrate progress at agreed upon checkpoints.

With open communication and a plan to cure deficiencies quickly, you can often achieve a passing report on a subsequent review. Just be sure to learn from mistakes by tightening policies and automating manual controls going forward.

Maintaining Compliance Year-Round

Passing the audit is just the beginning. Sustained compliance requires ongoing effort beyond the annual assessment cycle too. Automate security tasks like patching and log monitoring to avoid lapses due to human error or lack of resources.

Review policies and documentation at least annually for accuracy as your business and systems evolve. Run internal validation scans quarterly using an automated PCI assessment tool as well. This continuous monitoring catches issues before auditors and saves remediation time down the road.

With the right preventative security practices and ongoing management, PCI compliance becomes routine rather than a dreaded audit cycle. Prioritize protecting cardholder data, and your customers' trust in safe payments, to keep your business running smoothly for years to come.