Overview of Medicine Expenses in India

Medicine expenses in India have become a major concern, pushing millions of people below the poverty line. Expensive medical bills have caused a significant number of individuals to struggle financially. This article will discuss the impact of medicine expenses on the population, the difference between generic and branded medicines, the various types of medicines available, pricing and composition of medicines, investment and research in the pharmaceutical industry, marketing practices, challenges in promoting generic medicines, the benefits and scandals of generic drugs, and the advocacy for awareness and change.

?

The Impact of Medicine Expenses

During the period of 2011-2012, an alarming 5 crore people in India were pushed below the poverty line due to medical bills. Medicine expenses played a significant role in this, with 3.8 crore individuals becoming poor specifically due to the high costs of medicines. On average, Indians spend INR 2500 on some form of treatment, which contributes to a total medical expense of INR 3 Lacs Crore.

?

Generic Medicines vs. Branded Medicines

In the United States, 90% of prescribed medicines are generic but they only cover 18% of the total bill value. On the other hand, branded medicines constitute 10% but cover a massive 80% of the total bill value. Despite India being a major producer of generic medicines, only 1% of affordable generics are available in the country.

?

Types of Medicines: Branded vs. Generic

Medicines can be categorized as branded patent, branded generic, and true generic. Branded patented medicines, which are developed by a single company, tend to be the most expensive. True generic medicines display only the chemical compound without any brand name, making them more affordable.

?

Pricing and Composition of Medicines

When it comes to pricing, branded patented medicines rank as the most expensive, followed by branded generics. True generics, on the other hand, are the cheapest option. It's important to note that medicines with the same compound may have different prices based on brand recognition. Additionally, doctors often play a role in prescribing brand names, which contributes to higher medicine prices.

?

Pharma Industry Investment and Research

Pharmaceutical companies allocate a significant percentage of their earnings, ranging from 15% to 30%, towards research and development. Developing a new drug can take anywhere from 12 to 13 years, as it involves a complex trial and approval process. These companies also dedicate substantial budgets to marketing, including high expenditure on TV advertisements.

?

Pharmaceutical Marketing Practices

Medical Representatives (MRs) play a crucial role in marketing medicines to doctors. In return for prescribing specific brands, doctors receive commissions, gifts, and incentives. As a result, medicines prescribed by doctors are often only available at medical stores near their clinics.

?

Challenges in Promoting Generic Medicines

The government faces challenges in promoting generic medicines as doctors and pharmacists are reluctant to embrace them. Doctors express concerns regarding the availability and quality of generic medications. Furthermore, some patients may be misled into purchasing branded versions instead of the more affordable generics.

?

Benefits and Scandals of Generic Drugs

Generic drugs have the potential to be cost-effective and life-saving, particularly for economically disadvantaged individuals. However, scandals involving generic drugs, such as contamination or harm, have created skepticism among the public. Despite these controversies, the majority of generic drugs produced in India are safe and of high quality.

?

Advocacy for Awareness and Change

Raising awareness about pharmaceutical practices empowers patients to make informed choices. The government has taken steps to promote generic medicines, including the establishment of Jan Aushadhi Medical stores. Increased awareness and conscious consumer choices can contribute to positive changes in the pharmaceutical industry.

?

Conclusion

In conclusion, the high cost of medicine expenses in India has had a severe impact on the population, leading to financial struggles for millions of people. Understanding the difference between generic and branded medicines, the various types of medicines available, the pricing and composition of medicines, investment and research in the pharmaceutical industry, marketing practices, challenges in promoting generic medicines, the benefits and scandals of generic drugs, and the advocacy for awareness and change are all essential in addressing this issue.

By promoting affordable and safe generic medicines and encouraging informed consumer choices, positive changes can be made to improve the accessibility and affordability of healthcare in India.

?