Offshore Drilling

Description of offshore drilling

Offshore drilling is a mechanical process where a wellbore is drilled below the seabed. It is typically carried out in order to explore for and subsequently extract petroleum that lies in rock formations beneath the seabed. Offshore oil rigs have become gigantic structures that house hundreds of people at a time. Some facilities sit on towers that go to depths of 1220 meters below the surface, larger than any skyscraper ever conceived of.

Offshore drilling has increased in popularity as a result of a large amount of oil and other petroleum products used worldwide each day. To meet this demand for fossil fuels, petroleum companies are faced with the task of searching in more remote locations to discover new reserves. Since oceans cover almost 3/4ths of the Earth's surface, a large amount of the oil and natural gas reserves around the globe are located beneath the water.

Facilities used in offshore drilling

There are many different types of facilities from which offshore drilling operations take place. There are three primary rig types. Jackups, semisubmersibles, and drillships make up the majority of the offshore rig fleet and all are used worldwide. Other rig types such as platform rigs, inland barges, and tender-assisted rigs are used as well, but they are fewer in number and are generally used in specific geographic areas.

Drill bit

A drill bit is a tool designed to produce a generally cylindrical hole (wellbore) in the earth’s crust by the rotary drilling method for the discovery and extraction of hydrocarbons such as crude oil and natural gas. This type of tool is alternately referred to as a rock bit, or simply a bit. Subsurface formations are broken apart mechanically by cutting elements of the bit by scraping, grinding, or localized compressive fracturing. There are mainly two types of drill bits, rolling cutter bits, and fixed cutter bits,

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