NEMA 34 stepper motor driver overview

The NEMA 34 stepper motor driver system controls the fine-tuning capacitor and coupling loop through the stepper motor, and its main control method is based on the RS-422 standard differential pulse signal.

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In the stepping operation stage, the I/O port of the industrial computer is responsible for sending the step pulse signal; in the continuous operation mode, the I/O port will send a continuous pulse enable signal to connect the oscillator to achieve pulse output. Through a single stable trigger, the step or continuous pulse signal can be converted into a square wave with a duty cycle of 50%. These signals are transmitted to the NEMA 34 stepper motor by the RS-422 standard differential driver to ensure precise motion control.

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The key role of the fine-tuning capacitor in the system is to ensure step accuracy (step resolution). According to the ball screw lead and small step requirements of the fine-tuning capacitor, the fm step subdivision is set to 10000 subdivisions/rotation (step 0.036b), and two pulses (equivalent to 0.4um linear displacement) are used as the cycle step length to achieve high-precision positioning.

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In actual application, when the fine-tuning capacitor needs to be driven in steps, the industrial computer will send two pulses through its I/O port in each cycle, thereby driving the NEMA 34 stepper motor to achieve small step movement (4.34um). The rotation and stopping behavior of the motor are dynamically adjusted according to the linear orientation of the linear induction synchronizer of the fine-tuning capacitor until the stepping movement is completely completed.

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During operation, when the user presses the drive key, the industrial computer will send a continuous pulse enable signal through the I/O port to activate the oscillator to connect the pulse output, thereby driving the stepper motor to move. After releasing the drive key, the industrial computer will turn off the pulse enable signal, and the stepper motor will stop moving, completing the continuous drive operation smoothly. This series of processes ensures the efficiency and accuracy of stepper motors in various applications.