Muscular dystrophy (MD)

Muscular dystrophy (MD) refers to a group of genetic disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degeneration.

Causes of Muscular Dystrophy:

Muscular dystrophy is primarily caused by genetic mutations that affect the production of proteins crucial for maintaining muscle structure and function. These mutations can result in the progressive degeneration and weakening of skeletal muscles over time.

Signs and Symptoms of Muscular Dystrophy:

1. Progressive Muscle Weakness
2. Difficulty in Motor Skills
3. Contractures
4. Muscle Wasting
5. Balance and Coordination Issues

Types Of Muscle Dystrophies:

• Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)
• Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD)
• Myotonic Dystrophy (MD)
• Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy (FSHD)
• Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy (LGMD)

Physical Therapy Management:

1. Pain Management- Through hot/cold pack and electrical stimulation such TENS.
2. Range of Motion Exercises- Incorporate range of motion exercises to reduce stiffness and maintain flexibility
3. Strength Training- Strength training exercises for specific muscle group to improve muscle strength and prevent muscles from atrophy.
4. Balance and Coordination Exercises- Designing proper balance exercises to prevent from the risk of fall.
5. Respiratory Exercises- Breathing Exercises for enhancing lung capacity and proper chest mobility.