- Climate Change: Fossil fuels release carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases when burned, which contributes to global warming and climate change. This can cause rising sea levels, more frequent and severe natural disasters, and changes to ecosystems and agriculture.
- Air Pollution: Fossil fuels release pollutants into the air when burned, such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter. This can cause respiratory problems, cardiovascular disease, and other health issues, particularly for vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly.
- Water Pollution: Fossil fuels can contaminate water sources through leaks or spills during extraction, transportation, and storage. This can harm aquatic life, as well as human health if the contaminated water is used for drinking or irrigation.
- Habitat Destruction: Fossil fuel extraction and infrastructure can destroy natural habitats and disrupt ecosystems, including forests, wetlands, and marine environments. This can have negative impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services, such as water filtration and carbon storage.
- Geopolitical Conflicts: Fossil fuel reserves are often located in politically unstable regions, leading to conflicts over resources and power. This can result in violence, human rights abuses, and displacement of communities.
