For the most environmentally friendly World Cup in history, Qatar has built a city and a special facility

This weekend, the quadrennial World Cup is about to open. As a grand gathering of fans, this World Cup is also the first World Cup after the epidemic. In addition to the long lost sports carnival, the concept of Green World Cup put forward at the time of holding coincides with the recently discussed concept of green economic development, which has aroused people's attention.

This is also closely related to Qatar's plan. It even built a city for this purpose. A special facility has also been built to ensure the stable operation of the city. What facilities are so important? Before talking about this, let's talk about the background of this World Cup.

Qatar's Green Dream

Qatar, a typical Arab country, is mostly located in tropical desert, and many industries are limited by the environment. Therefore, in 2008, the government formulated the Qatar National Vision 2030 based on the national conditions, which clearly plans to build a developed country that can sustain rapid development. However, the impact of climate on green development is much more difficult than that of countries in other regions, so the investment in sustainable development is very large.

On January 14, 2015, Qatar spent $220 billion to build Lusail, a village 20 kilometers north of Doha, into the country's second largest city, which is the main venue of the World Cup. In order to create the most "green" World Cup in history, the city used energy-saving materials during construction. At present, Lusail is divided into 19 districts, with about 200000 residents.

Based on the sustainable development strategy, the Qatar World Cup in 2022 will classify and treat urban waste every day, and some of it will be used as raw materials for power generation. Energy conservation and water conservation are implemented in urban design. The World Cup uses eight venues designed based on this concept, aiming to fulfill the carbon neutral commitment (made when the World Cup was applied). This is how the first stadium in history that can be completely disassembled and recycled was built

A more green and environment-friendly court

According to the report of the Eiffe News Agency on October 28, the design of the World Cup venues is based on waste management, desalination system, solar energy, the use efficiency of the stadium itself and the "heritage" of the future generations. Among the numerous venues, the 974 stadium in Doha can be particularly reflected.

This venue, which can accommodate 40000 spectators, is the biggest highlight of the Qatar World Cup venues. It is the first stadium in history that can be completely disassembled and reused and equipped with a movable roof. The stadium is completely constructed of 974 sea containers and modular steel. Natural ventilation without air conditioning. In addition, the water saving scheme has been customized, which reduces the water consumption by 40% compared with the traditional construction method.

Lusail Stadium in the main stadium also adopts a number of environmental protection and energy saving technologies, and uses a large number of recyclable materials. The construction scheme saves 40% fresh water compared with traditional construction. The facial mask structure of the roof is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, which provides sufficient light for the turf on the site while preventing wind and sand. Its electric degradation performance is also very stable, effectively reducing the probability of electrolysis due to wind friction, and reducing the generation of marine microplastics.

Green transportation network

In addition to venue construction, Qatar's green plan does not stop there.

The distance between the venues of the World Cup is 5 to 75 kilometers, which is very compact and conducive to the utilization rate of public transport. In order to promote public transport and reduce exhaust emissions, fans can take subway, bus and other public transport tools free of charge with special transport cards during the World Cup. The transportation infrastructure too has been comprehensively upgraded , and a public transportation system focusing on highways, subways and light rails has been built.

Among them, Lusail has the most extensive traffic construction scope, and the tram project in Lusail is the largest single sustainable development project in Qatar at present. There are 4 lines, the total length of the line network is about 19 km, and there are 25 stations (15 ground stations, 10 underground stations). The vehicle is designed without catenary and powered by APS system (ground wireless power supply system).

The bus on the road also adopts the electric model, and has built the world's largest electric bus station, covering an area of more than 400,000 square meters, which can accommodate 478 electric buses to provide transportation services for the event. The roof of the parking lot adopts solar power generation, which can realize independent energy supply. Of course, while the travel is convenient, the energy gap caused by electric scale + whole city power supply is also huge. To this end, Qatar has even built the country's first full capacity grid connected photovoltaic power station for the World Cup and cities.

Qatar's first full capacity grid connected photovoltaic power station

In order to solve the problem of power shortage, Qatar also built its first full capacity grid connected photovoltaic power station two months before the World Cup, with an installed capacity of 800MW, which is currently the third largest single photovoltaic power station in the world. Just last month, the King of Qatar personally presided over the grid connection ceremony of the photovoltaic power station.

The 800MW power station was ready for grid connection in August. It is composed of double-sided module and intelligent tracking system, equipped with 1500V inverter system, IP66 protection level and efficient heat dissipation performance. It is planned to supply clean power for the World Cup venues. The power station can generate about 1.8 billion kWh of electricity every year and reduce about 900000 tons of carbon emissions. This will help Qatar to quickly realize energy transformation and fulfill its carbon neutral commitments.

Transformation of oil and gas power generation regions

As an important economy in the Middle East, Qatar itself has rich oil and gas resources. The power generation sources in the Middle East are mainly natural gas and oil. Qatar is no exception due. Before the successful bid for the World Cup, Qatar's power generation is mainly oil and gas. If the price of oil and gas is considered this year, it is bound to increase the export of natural gas, and the proportion of domestic oil power generation will increase, causing heavy pollution.

In 2020, the proportion of oil power generation in the Middle East is 22.73%, while that of natural gas power generation is 71.66%, which is close to 95% in total. This year, with the increase of LNG (liquefied natural gas) prices, LNG exports are bound to increase. If the original energy structure is followed, the proportion of petroleum power generation will increase, which is extremely unfavorable to the carbon neutral target. This is one of the important reasons why many countries in the Middle East, including Qatar, released the 2030 vision.

High yield photovoltaic power generation area

According to the data, the solar radiation energy in almost all regions of the Middle East is very high. The total annual solar radiation of Israel, Jordan and Saudi Arabia is 8640MJ/m2.

The specific countries are:

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The annual total solar radiation of the United Arab Emirates is 7920MJ/m2, and the annual technological development is about 2708TW ? h.

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The total annual solar radiation in Israel is 8640MJ/m2, and the annual technological development is about 318TW ? h.

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The total annual solar radiation in Iran is 7920MJ/m2, and the technical development volume is about 20PW ? h per year.

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Jordan's annual total solar radiation is about 9720MJ/m2, and its annual technological development is about 6434TW ? h.

Based on the above data, the use of solar energy in this area is very ideal. Therefore, Qatar has chosen PV as a clean energy based on its own environmental characteristics, which is also expected.

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Since 2018, photovoltaic projects worth 5 billion dollars have been put into operation in the Middle East, and another 15 billion dollars are under construction. At present, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Iran and other countries have successively released the 2030 national vision, and attach importance to sustainable development. For photovoltaic, the Middle East is a very considerable market.

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That's all for this topic. This weekend, focus on the Middle East!

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