Monitoring of Angular Separation in Power system: Part 3

In parts 1 and 2 we have learned how the angular separation between adjacent and wide area node pairs is used for grid operation and ensuring system stability. In this part let us discuss how the angular separation can be monitored for grid operation.

In an AC power system, power angle can be monitored by measuring voltage phasor or specifically say then its positive sequence voltage angle measurements. Positive sequence components represent the balanced power system. ?In view of that, its angle is used for angular separation monitoring purposes as even during disturbance it provides a good overview of the angular separation between two nodes of the system.

Now let us learn about the methods for angular separation (power angle) monitoring in an AC power system. ?Grid operator across the world uses in general five ways for power angle monitoring.

In the next few parts, let us learn about each of these methods one by one. ?It will also help us in understanding how the measurement advancement has taken us from offline to real-time angular measurement.

Reference :

S.K.Soonee, S.R.Narasimhan, R.K.Porwal, S.Kumar, Rajesh Kumar, Vivek Pandey, “Application of phase angle measurement for real time security monitoring of Indian electric power system- an experience”, CIGRE Paris 2008

Online available at :

1. https://e-cigre.org/publication/C2-107_2008-application-of-phase-angle-measurement-for-real-time-security-monitoring-of-indian-electric-power-system--an-experience
2. https://posoco.in/papers/Application%20of%20Phase%20angle%20Measurement%20for%20real%20time%20Security%20monitoring%20of%20Indian%20Electric%20Power%20System%20-%20An%20Experience%20_%20CIGRE_2008.pdf