Mitochondrial calcium uptake declines during aging and is directly activated by oleuropein to boost energy metabolism and skeletal muscle performance

Gherardi et al., Mitochondrial calcium uptake declines during aging and is directly activated by oleuropein to boost energy metabolism and skeletal muscle performance, Cell Metabolism (2024).        

Credits for Summary: Khyati Shukla Aakash Khurana

The research focuses on oleuropein, a compound found in olive leaves, and its effects on mitochondrial function and muscle performance, particularly in combating age-related sarcopenia. The study employs a combination of in vitro and in vivo methodologies, including human skeletal muscle myotubes, C2C12 cell lines, and mouse models, to assess the impact of oleuropein on mitochondrial calcium uptake and energy metabolism. Key techniques such as fluorescence imaging and mitochondrial respiration measurements were utilized to evaluate the compound's effects on muscle cells.

Results indicate that oleuropein significantly enhances mitochondrial calcium uptake and respiration in muscle cells, mediated by the protein MICU1. In vivo studies demonstrated that mice treated with oleuropein exhibited improved muscle performance, increased muscle mass, and reduced signs of sarcopenia. Additionally, oleuropein was found to upregulate genes associated with mitochondrial function, suggesting a transcriptional mechanism behind its beneficial effects.

The findings highlight oleuropein's potential as a therapeutic agent for improving muscle health, particularly in aging populations. By enhancing mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, oleuropein may counteract the decline in muscle performance associated with aging. The study lays the groundwork for future research into oleuropein's long-term effects and its applicability in clinical settings for individuals at risk of sarcopenia.