Maritime terrorism, realistic training for real combat, and the resumption of high-level military-to-military communication
Michael Horlick, MPM, M Ed., PMP
Educator, Lexicographer, and Incurable Idealist
Terms to note from the December PRC Ministry of National Defense press conference:
Current quote:
美方一方面加速自身军力发展，强化亚太军力部署，巩固双边军事同盟，拼凑三边安全伙伴关系和“四边机制”；另一方面却一再拿中国说事，炒作并不存在的“中国军事威胁”，种种操弄加剧国际社会的阵营对抗和军备竞赛态势，对当前的国际安全体系和全球治理体系造成严重冲击。我们要求美方摒弃过时的旧安全观与零和博弈的冷战思维，客观理性地看待中国、看待中国军力发展，以免陷在霸权迷思中难以自拔。?
On the one hand, the US is accelerating its military development, intensifying military deployment in the Asia-Pacific, strengthening bilateral military alliances, and piecing together AUKUS and QUAD. On the other hand, it is making an issue of China, hyping up the so-called "China military threat" out of thin air. Such manipulations intensify block confrontation and arms race and cause a severe impact on the current international security system and global governance system. We urge the US to abandon the out-dated security vision and zero-sum cold war mentality, view China and China's military development in an objective and rational light, instead of being obsessed with the pursuit for hegemony.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 习近平主席提出全球安全倡议，倡导坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，坚持尊重各国主权、领土完整，坚持遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则，坚持重视各国合理安全关切，坚持通过对话协商以和平方式解决国家间的分歧与争端，坚持统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全，共同构建人类安全共同体。?
President Xi Jinping has put forward the Global Security Initiative (GSI). It advocates a commitment to the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security; a commitment to respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries; a commitment to abiding by the purposes and principles of the U.N. Charter; a commitment to taking the legitimate security concerns of all countries seriously; a commitment to peacefully resolving differences and disputes between countries through dialogue and consultation; and a commitment to maintaining security in both traditional and non-traditional domains, with a view to jointly promoting a global community of security for all.? (Proposal of the People’s Republic of China on the Reform and Development of Global Governance_《关于全球治理变革和建设的中国方案》_2023_09_13)?
?? 事实证明，“拉一派、打一派”“分而治之”“阵营对抗”从来不是处理安全问题的正确方式，坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，以构建安全共同体为长远目标，走对话而不对抗、结伴而不结盟、共赢而非零和的新型安全之路才是谋求地区和世界长治久安的长远之策。?
Tactics like “bolster one and bash the other” or “divide and rule” or “bloc confrontation” have never been proven to work on security issues. The viable approach to realize lasting peace and security in the region and beyond is to uphold the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, pursue the long-term objective of building a security community, and follow a new path to security featuring dialogue over confrontation, partnership over alliance and win-win over zero-sum.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on March 14, 2023)?
?? 我们要遵循联合国宪章的宗旨和原则，树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，共同反对冷战思维和阵营对抗，搭建亚太安全架构，为亚太经济发展和长治久安创造条件。?
We should abide by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, pursue the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, and jointly reject the Cold War mentality and bloc confrontation. We need to build an Asia-Pacific security architecture to create conditions for ensuring economic development and durable peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific.? (Xi_Jinping_Written Speech at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) CEO Summit 202211_17)?
?? 为此，我提出全球安全倡议，目的是同大家一道，弘扬联合国宪章精神，本着安全不可分割原则，坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，倡导通过谈判消弭冲突，通过协商化解争端，支持一切有利于和平解决危机的努力。?
With this in mind, I have put forward the Global Security Initiative (GSI). Our goal is to work with all parties to champion the spirit of the UN Charter, act on the principle of indivisible security, uphold the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, advocate the resolution of conflicts through negotiation and settlement of disputes through consultation, and support all efforts conducive to the peaceful settlement of crises.? (Xi_Jinping_Speech at the Session I of the 17th G20 Summit_Working Together to Meet the Challenges of Our Times and Build a Better Future_2022_11_15)
Current quote:
近年来中越两军高层互动频繁，边防交流、人员培训、医疗卫勤等各领域合作取得丰硕成果。?
In recent years, the two militaries [China and Vietnam) have seen frequent high-level interactions, and the cooperation in border exchanges, personnel training, and medical service has yielded fruitful results.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中印两军落实两国领导人重要共识，开展高层访问沟通，推动建立边防热线电话和边境管控、边防交流机制。? To implement the important consensus reached by the leaders of China and India, the two militaries have exchanged high-level visits and pushed for a hotline for border defense cooperation and mechanisms for border management and border defense exchanges.? (White_Paper_China's National Defense in the New Era_《新时代的中国国防》_2019_07_24)
今年以来，全军部队认真学习贯彻党的二十大精神，紧扣建军一百年奋斗目标，聚焦备战打仗，坚持实战实训、联战联训、科技强训、依法治训，加快推进军事训练转型升级。一是突出打牢训练基础，组织召开全军基础训练现场会，推开专长化任教、集约化组训、模拟化训练、标准化考核的组训模式方法，推动构建基础训练转型发展新格局，夯实打胜仗的根基和“底盘”。?
Since the beginning of the year [2023], the Chinese military has thoroughly studied and followed the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress, and focused on achieving the military's centenary goal and improving combat readiness. We have upheld realistic training for real combat, joint training for joint operations, strengthening training through technology, and running training in accordance with law, and expedited the transformation and upgrade of military training. Firstly, we have consolidated the foundation for training. The on-site meeting on basic training was organized to promote models and measures including specialized teaching, integrated training, simulation training, and standardized assessment. The military has striven for new transformation and development of basic training to lay the foundation for fighting and winning wars.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)
Current quote:
今年是联合国开展维和行动75周年。目前，中国是联合国安理会五常中派遣维和军事人员最多的国家，也是联合国第二大维和摊款贡献国，中国军队累计参加25项联合国维和行动，派出维和军事人员5万余人次，现有约1800余名官兵在联合国总部及南苏丹、刚果（金）、黎巴嫩等任务区执行维和任务，主要包括工兵、医疗、步兵、直升机、快反分队等类型，为维护世界和平与安全发挥了重要作用，为冲突地区带来安宁与稳定、为世界点亮和平与希望。中国“蓝盔”已成为联合国维和行动的关键力量。?
This year marks the 75th anniversary of the UN peacekeeping operations (UNPKOs). China is the largest troop contributing country among the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council and the second largest financial contributor to the UN peacekeeping budget. China has participated in 25 UN peacekeeping missions and has contributed more than 50,000 peacekeepers. As we speak, nearly 2,000 Chinese peacekeepers, mainly in engineering, transportation, medical, police, infantry and helicopter units, are deployed in the UN Headquarters and mission areas including South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and Lebanon. They have played an important role in maintaining world peace and security, bringing tranquility and stability to conflict zones and generating peace and hope for the world. The Chinese blue helmets have become a key force in UN peacekeeping operations.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 联合国常规弹药问题开放式工作会议于2月13日至17日举行，中方在会议期间提出了“不向非国家实体出口弹药”“以谨慎和负责任的方式向冲突地区出口弹药”案文，呼吁国际社会加强管控，得到许多发展中国家支持呼应，而美方延续在轻小武器和弹药管理国际规则制定方面的消极保守立场，反对上述案文。?
The UN’s open-ended working group on conventional ammunition held its third substantive session from February 13 to 17. China proposed that all parties should refrain from transfers of ammunition to non-state actors and conduct transfers to the conflict-affected areas in a prudent and responsible way and called for stronger international oversight. Many developing countries voiced their support for the proposal. However, the US, clinging to its negative and conservative position on international rule-making with regard to small arms and light weapons and ammunition, opposed the proposal.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 23, 2023)?
?? 支持联合国在对冲突地区人道援助方面发挥协调作用。?
The UN should be supported in playing a coordinating role in channeling humanitarian aid to conflict zones.? (China’s Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukraine Crisis_ 关于政治解决乌克兰危机的中国立场 202302_24)
台湾是中国的一部分，根本不存在什么“海峡中线”。民进党当局炒作所谓“大陆介选”，不过是他们惯用的选举套路，意在挑动对抗，妄图骗取选票。这套老把戏已经被越来越多的台湾民众所识破。?
Taiwan is an inalienable part of China and there is no so-called "median line of the Taiwan Strait". Hyping up the so-called "mainland intervention in Taiwan's election" is nothing but the DPP authorities' old electoral trick to provoke confrontation and swindle votes. More and more people in Taiwan have seen through it.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)
Current quote:
民进党当局故意炒作所谓“大陆军事威胁”，渲染紧张气氛，完全是为了谋取选举利益。至于所谓台军动态，解放军尽在掌握。我们将一如既往，采取一切必要措施，坚决捍卫国家主权和领土完整。?
The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) authorities are deliberately hyping up the so-called "mainland's military threat" and playing up the tension to seek electoral benefits. The PLA is well aware of the moves of Taiwan's military, and will, as always, take all necessary measures to firmly safeguard China's national sovereignty and territorial integrity.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 有关报告刻意渲染所谓“大陆军事威胁”，混淆是非曲直，升高两岸紧张对立，是极不负责任的。台湾是中国领土的一部分。“台独”分裂势力及其活动始终是祖国统一的最大障碍、民族复兴的严重隐患。解放军在中国台湾岛附近海空域开展军事演训活动，就是针对“台独”分裂势力持续挑衅作出的正当必要反应，是捍卫国家主权和领土完整的正义之举，任何人都无权说三道四。? The relevant report deliberately exaggerated the so-called mainland's military threat to Taiwan, confused the right and wrong, and intensified the tension and confrontation across the Taiwan Strait, which are extremely irresponsible. Taiwan is an inalienable part of China's territory. "Taiwan independence" separatist forces and their activities composite the biggest obstacle to national reunification and a severe risk to national rejuvenation. The PLA's military exercises in the waters and airspace near China’s Taiwan Island are a legitimate and necessary response to the continuous provocations by the "Taiwan independence" separatist forces, and a just move to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity. No one has the right to make irresponsible remarks in this regard.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on September 29, 2022)
Current quote:
据统计，2020年，中国捕获超过4200万个计算机恶意程序样本，53.1%来自美国；控制中国境内主机的境外计算机恶意程序控制服务器达5.2万个，其中位于美国的服务器约1.9万个，高居首位。?
According to statistics, in 2020, China captured over 42 million computer malware samples, 53.1 percent of which were from the US. In addition, the number of malware control servers abroad, which controlled computer hosts in China, reached 52,000, of which about 19,000 were located in the US, ranking the top.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中国国家互联网应急中心网站去年发布的报告就显示，2020年中国捕获计算机恶意程序样本数量超过4200万个，其中境外恶意程序主要来自美国，占比达53.1%。?
According to a report issued by the CVERC last year, China captured over 42 million malicious program samples in 2020. Those that came from the US accounted for 53.1% of all the samples originating overseas.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on June 30, 2022)?
?? 网络产品、服务的提供者不得设置恶意程序；其产品、服务具有收集用户信息功能的，应当向用户明示并取得同意；发现其网络产品、服务存在安全缺陷、漏洞等风险时，应当及时向用户告知并采取补救措施。?
Providers of network products and services must not install malicious programs; where their products and services have functions gathering users' information, this shall be expressed to users and their consent obtained; when it is discovered that their network products or services have risks such as security flaws or leaks, they shall promptly inform users and adopt remedial measures.? (People's Republic of China Cybersecurity Law (Draft) 网络安全法（草案）2015_07_06)?
?? 第五十二条网络产品、服务的提供者，电子信息发送者，应用软件提供者违反本法规定，有下列行为之一的，由有关主管部门责令改正，给予警告；拒不改正或者导致危害网络安全等后果的，处五万元以上五十万元以下罚款；对直接负责的主管人员处一万元以上十万元以下罚款：（一）设置恶意程序的；
...? Article 52:Where providers of network products and services, electronic information transmission and application software providers exhibit any of the following conduct in violation of this law, the relevant competent department orders corrections and gives warnings; where corrections are refused or it causes endangerment of network security or other consequences, a fine of between RMB 50,000 and 500,000 is given; and the persons who are directly in charge are fined between RMB 10,000 and 100,000. 1. Installing malicious programs; ...? (People's Republic of China Cybersecurity Law (Draft) 网络安全法（草案）2015_07_06)
Current quote:
据报道，日本政府12月22日审议通过了新版“防卫装备转移三原则”和运用指针，进一步放宽防卫装备出口限制。报道称，这是2014年以来，日政府时隔近10年对防务装备出口制度进行修改。?
It is reported that on December 22, the Japanese government adopted the Three Principles on Transfer of Defense Equipment and Technology and its implementation guidelines, further easing restrictions on arms export. The reports said that it was the first time for the Japanese government to revise its export regulation on defense equipment in ten years since 2014.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 据报道，日本政府22日审议通过了新版《防卫装备转移三原则》和运用指针，决定向美国提供在日生产的“爱国者”防空导弹。这是2014年日本内阁决议通过《防卫装备转移三原则》后，首次允许出口杀伤性武器。?
It is reported that the Japanese government adopted the updated Three Principles on Transfer of Defense Equipment and Technology and its implementation guidelines (herein referred to as “Three Principles”) on December 22 with a decision to provide its home-made Patriot air defence missiles to the United States. It is the first time that Japan has allowed the export of destruction weapons since its Cabinet’s adoption of the Three Principles in 2014.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on December 25, 2023)
Current quote:
今年是改革开放45周年和党的十八届三中全会召开10周年。?
This year [2024] marks the 45th anniversary of Reform and Opening up and the 10th anniversary of the convening of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 改革开放持续深化.全面深化改革开放推动构建新发展格局,供给侧结构性改革深入实施,简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革不断深化,营商环境明显改善.共建“一带一路”扎实推进.推动区域全面经济伙伴关系协定(RCEP)生效实施,建成全球最大自由贸易区.货物进出口总额年均增长８.６％,突破４０万亿元、连续多年居世界首位,吸引外资和对外投资居世界前列.?
Reform and opening up were deepened. We deepened reform and opening up across the board in an effort to create a new pattern of development. We further promoted supply-side structural reform and reforms to streamline government administration, delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services. Thanks to these endeavors, a notable improvement has been made in the business environment. Joint efforts to advance the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) made solid headway. China played its part for the entry into force of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement, which has created the world’s largest free trade zone. China’s total volume of trade in goods exceeded 40 trillion yuan, registering an annual growth rate of 8.6 percent. It has thus been the top global trader for many years running. China is now both a major destination for foreign investment and a leading global outbound investor.? (政府工作报告_2023)?
?? 新时代十年的伟大变革，在党史、新中国史、改革开放史、社会主义发展史、中华民族发展史上具有里程碑意义。?
The great transformation over the past 10 years of the new era marks a milestone in the history of the Party, of the People's Republic of China, of reform and opening up, of the development of socialism, and of the development of the Chinese nation.? (Xi_Jinping_Speech at the 20th National Party Congress_2022_10_16)?
?? 进入改革开放新时期，邓小平同志说：“历史上成功的经验是宝贵财富，错误的经验、失败的经验也是宝贵财富。?
When our country entered a new period marked by the launch of reform and opening up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping noted, "The experience of successes is invaluable, and so are the lessons learned from mistakes and setbacks.? (Xi_Jinping_Explanation of the Resolution of the CC of the CCP on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party over the Past Century_共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议_November 16, 2021)?
?? 1981年，党的十一届六中全会通过了《关于建国以来党的若干历史问题的决议》，回顾了新中国成立以前党的历史，总结了社会主义革命和建设的历史经验，对一些重大事件和重要人物作出了评价，特别是正确评价了毛泽东同志和毛泽东思想，分清了是非，纠正了“左”右两方面的错误观点，统一了全党思想，对推动党团结一致向前看、更好推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设产生了重大影响。?
In 1981, at its sixth plenary session, the 11th Party Central Committee adopted the Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China. The resolution reviewed the Party's history in the period before the founding of the People's Republic and summarized the experience it had gained in the course of socialist revolution and construction. The resolution gave assessments of certain major events and important figures, particularly a correct appraisal of Comrade Mao Zedong and Mao Zedong Thought. It drew a clear distinction between right and wrong and corrected the erroneous "Leftist" and Rightist viewpoints existing at the time. Through the resolution, the Party came to a clear consensus and was more united than ever in support of a forward-looking approach. All this provided a strong impetus to the Party's endeavors in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.? (Xi_Jinping_Explanation of the Resolution of the CC of the CCP on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party over the Past Century_共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议_November 16, 2021)
12月26日至30日，中国人民解放军南部战区在广州举办中国—阿拉伯国家特战反恐研讨会，沙特阿拉伯、卡塔尔、阿曼等国家特战反恐部门领导或部队指挥官参加。与会各方围绕“聚焦特战反恐合作，推动构建中阿命运共同体”主题，深入研讨地区恐怖主义新动向及联合应对，特战反恐部队的组建、训练与实战，城市特战与反恐行动，反海盗和海上恐怖主义应对等议题。此次活动旨在深化中国和阿拉伯国家特战反恐领域交流合作，推动构建中阿命运共同体。?
The PLA Southern Theatre Command hosted the China-Arab States Symposium on Special Operations and Counter-Terrorism from December 26th to 30th [2023] in Guangzhou. Leaders of special operations and counter-terrorism departments and troop commanders from countries including Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Oman attended the event. Under the theme of "Focusing on special operations and counter-terrorism cooperation, Building a China-Arab community with a shared future", delegates had an in-depth exchange of views on topics including new trends of regional terrorism and joint efforts in response, formation, training and operations of special operations and counter-terrorism forces, special operations and counter-terrorism in urban areas, combating piracy and maritime terrorism, etc. This event aims to deepen exchanges and cooperation between China and Arab countries on special operations and counter-terrorism, and build a China-Arab community with a shared future.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)
Current quote:
中菲海上争议是中菲两国之间的问题，任何第三方无权介入。中方将保持高度警戒，采取必要措施坚决维护国家主权安全和海洋权益。?
Maritime disputes between China and the Philippines are issues between the two countries, and no third party has the right to intervene. China will remain on high vigilance and take necessary measures to resolutely safeguard its national sovereignty, security, and maritime rights and interests.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 针对你刚才提到的观点，我想强调的是，对于同周边邻国存在的海上争议，中方立场是一贯、明确的，没有任何变化。中方坚持通过对话协商妥善管控争议的立场没有变，和菲方一道落实好双方以往达成的谅解和共识的态度没有变，同包括菲律宾在内的东盟国家共同维护南海和平稳定的政策没有变。?
On what you said, I would like to stress that when it comes to maritime disputes with our neighbors, China’s position is consistent and clear without any change. 中方坚持通过对话协商妥善管控争议的立场没有变，和菲方一道落实好双方以往达成的谅解和共识的态度没有变，同包括菲律宾在内的东盟国家共同维护南海和平稳定的政策没有变。? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on December 21, 2023)?
?? 我想强调的是，中国和菲律宾的海上争议是中菲两国之间的问题，任何第三方无权介入。近一段时间以来，美国为实现自身地缘政治私利，一方面怂恿支持配合菲律宾在南海侵权挑衅，一方面颠倒是非，放大争议，挑动对抗，严重危害地区和平稳定。中国将继续依据国内法和国际法，采取必要措施，坚定维护领土主权和海洋权益。?
I’d like to stress that maritime disputes between China and the Philippines are issues between China and the Philippines. Any third party is not in the position of interfering in the issues. On the one hand, the US, out of selfish geopolitical calculations, has for some time been conniving at, emboldening and supporting the Philippines’ infringement and provocation in the South China Sea. Yet on the other, the US has been fanning disputes, misrepresenting facts, stoking confrontation and undermining regional peace and stability. China will continue to take necessary steps in accordance with domestic and international laws to firmly safeguard its territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on December 11, 2023)?
?? 中方再次奉劝菲方，立即停止炒作中菲海上争议，停止海上侵权挑衅行为，尽快回到通过谈判协商妥处涉海分歧的正轨，同中方一道共同维护南海和平稳定。?
We once again urge the Philippines to stop hyping up maritime disputes between China and the Philippines, stop its infringement of China’s sovereignty and provocation at sea, return to the right track of resolving maritime disputes through negotiation and consultation as soon as possible and work with China to safeguard peace and stability in the South China Sea.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on December 8, 2023)?
?? 通过友好协商处理海上争议，不使用武力或以武力相威胁，这是中国政府的一贯立场，也是中方同周边邻国之间的长期共识。?
Settling maritime disputes through friendly consultation and without the use or threat of force is the consistent position of the Chinese government. It is also a long-established common understanding between China and its neighbors.? (Wang_Yi_State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi Meets the Press_2021_03_07)
Current quote:
台湾是中国的一部分，根本不存在什么“海峡中线”。民进党当局炒作所谓“大陆介选”，不过是他们惯用的选举套路，意在挑动对抗，妄图骗取选票。这套老把戏已经被越来越多的台湾民众所识破。?
Taiwan is an inalienable part of China and there is no so-called "median line of the Taiwan Strait". Hyping up the so-called "mainland intervention in Taiwan's election" is nothing but the DPP authorities' old electoral trick to provoke confrontation and swindle votes. More and more people in Taiwan have seen through it.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 台湾当局称，截至今早六时，已监测到103架解放军飞机持续在台海周边活动，其中有几十架越过了“海峡中线”。?
Taiwan authorities claimed that it detected the continued activity of 103 People’s Liberation Army warplanes around the Taiwan Strait by 6 o’clock this morning [September 18, 2023], of which dozens crossed the “median line”.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on September 18, 2023)?
?? 我要告诉你的是，台湾是中国领土的一部分，不存在所谓“海峡中线”。?
Let me say that Taiwan is part of China’s territory. There is no so-called “median line” in the Taiwan Strait.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on September 18, 2023)?
?? 媒报道，1架解放军武直-10攻击直升机近日进入所谓台湾“西南防空识别区”，不仅越过了“海峡中线”，甚至还深入对面900米，引发岛内媒体关注。?
Taiwan media reported that a PLA WZ-10 attack helicopter had recently entered the so-called Taiwan's "southwestern air defense identification zone", not only crossing the "median line of the Taiwan Strait", but even flying in for 900 meters, drawing close attention from media on the island.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on May 2022)?
?? 中国的一部分，哪来的什么“海峡中线”？中国人民解放军肩负捍卫国家主权和领土完整的神圣使命，有关战训活动完全是针对“台独”分裂活动和外部势力干涉而采取的必要行动。?
Taiwan is a part of China. Where does such a "median line of the Taiwan Strait" come from?? The PLA undertakes the sacred mission of safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity. Its relevant combat training activities are entirely necessary actions in response to the "Taiwan independence" separatist activities and interference by external forces.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on May 2022)
据报道，美国防长宣布组建多国海军部队开展“红海护航行动”，美国务院发言人欢迎中国在阻止胡塞武装袭击红海船只方面发挥建设性作用。?
It's reported that the US Secretary of Defense announced the establishment of a multinational maritime force for security in the Red Sea. The US State Department spokesperson said that the US "would welcome China playing a constructive role in trying to prevent" Houthi attacks on ships in the Red Sea.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)
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首先，向大家公布一组数据，截至今年12月，中国海军已连续派出45批护航编队、150余艘次舰艇、3.5万余名官兵执行亚丁湾、索马里海域护航任务，为1600多批7200余艘中外船舶安全护航，解救、接护各类船舶近百艘，其中外国船舶占50%以上。执行亚丁湾护航任务的15年，见证了中国海军加快转型、向海图强的铿锵步伐，展现了海军官兵拥抱世界、守卫和平的使命担当，在一次次驱离海盗、紧急撤侨、人道主义救援等任务中，中国海军践行构建人类命运共同体、海洋命运共同体理念，为维护国家海外利益和国际海上通道安全积极贡献力量。?
First, I'd like to share with you a set of data. As of December this year, the PLA Navy has sent more than 150 ships and over 35,000 troops in 45 batches to the Gulf of Aden and the waters off the coast of Somalia to carry out escort missions. The PLA Navy ships have safely escorted over 7,200 Chinese and foreign ships in more than 1,600 batches, and rescued and protected nearly 100 ships of various types, of which more than 50 percent were foreign ships. The past 15 years of escort missions in the Gulf of Aden have witnessed the staunch efforts made by the PLA Navy to accelerate its transformation towards a strong maritime force, and demonstrated the commitment of the PLA Navy troops to embracing the world and safeguarding peace. In its missions of expelling pirates, conducting emergency evacuation of Chinese nationals and humanitarian rescue operations, the PLA Navy stays committed to building a community with a shared future for mankind and a maritime community with a shared future, and actively contributes to safeguarding China's overseas rights and interests and the safety of international sea lanes.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 在护航方面，中国海军第37批护航编队自今年1月16日赴亚丁湾、索马里海域护航以来，共圆满完成40批64艘中外船舶护航任务，并于本月上旬与第38批护航编队在亚丁湾西部海域进行任务交接后返航。?
In terms of maritime escort, since the PLAN's 37th escort taskforce went to the Gulf of Aden and the waters off Somalia on January 16, it has successfully completed the escort missions for 64 Chinese and foreign ships in 40 batches. The 37th escort taskforce is on its way back after the rotation with the 38th escort taskforce in the western waters of the Gulf of Aden early this month.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on June 24, 2021?
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至于使用所谓“声波”和“激光”武器，完全是无中生有。中方既没有意图，也没有必要使用类似装置。中方始终致力于通过对话协商解决分歧，共同维护海上稳定，但也不会对菲方一而再、再而三的挑衅滋事坐视不管。?
As for the so-called "sonic" or "laser" weapons, this is entirely groundless accusation. China has no intention or necessity to use such devices. China is always committed to resolving differences through dialogue and consultation and making joint efforts to maintain maritime stability, but we will not turn a blind eye towards the Philippines' repeated provocations and harassment.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 该报道还称，中国和俄罗斯还在继续研发、部署可攻击美国卫星的激光武器。? The reported also said that China and Russia continue to develop and deploy laser weapons capable of damaging US satellites.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on April 13, 2022)
Current quote:
美国五角大楼近日发布有关2023年美军在所谓“印太”地区的军事部署的文章，包括美国海军陆战队濒海作战团等军事关键部门前沿部署日本、在菲律宾增加4个军事基地等。五角大楼称，这一系列措施将使美方在“印太”地区的军力态势更加机动、更有攻击性。?
The US Pentagon recently published an article on the US "force posture" in the so-called Indo-Pacific region in 2023, mentioning the forward stationing of "key military units to Japan, including a US Marine Littoral Regiment", and four additional military bases in the Philippines. The Pentagon said that this series of measures will make the US military posture in the Indo-Pacific region more mobile and lethal. Some analysts stated that the relevant US deployment is aimed at China. 有分析称，美方有关部署是针对中国的。? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 美方以莫须有的威胁为借口，持续推进亚太前沿军事部署，损害他国安全利益，推高地区紧张局势，中方对此坚决反对。?
The US has been using non-existent threats as pretexts to advance forward deployment of military assets in the Asia-Pacific, which undermined security interests of other countries and heightened regional tensions. China is firmly opposed to these efforts.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on August 31, 2023)?
?? 关于美在菲新增使用军事基地，中方已多次表达严正关切。当前，美方持续强化在南海地区军事部署，刻意推高地区紧张局势，地区国家应对此保持高度警惕。中国军队将一如既往坚决捍卫国家领土主权和海洋权益，坚定维护南海地区和平稳定。?
China has repeatedly expressed stern concern over the US development of new military bases in the Philippines. At present, the US side continues to strengthen its military deployment in the South China Sea, and intentionally stokes regional tension, to which regional countries should stay on high alert. The Chinese military will continue to resolutely defend the country's territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests, and maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on April 27, 2023)?
?? 中方一贯认为，国家间的防务安全合作应当有利于地区和平稳定，不应针对第三方或损害第三方利益。美方出于一己私利，抱持零和思维，不断在本地区加强军事部署，是在加剧局势紧张，危害地区和平稳定。地区国家应当对此保持警惕，避免被美裹挟利用。?
It is China’s consistent belief that defense and security cooperation between countries needs to be conducive to regional peace and stability and not targeted at or harmful to the interests of any third party. The US side, out of selfish interests, holds on to the zero-sum mentality and keeps strengthening military deployment in the Asia-Pacific. This would escalate tensions and endanger peace and stability in the region. Regional countries need to remain vigilant and avoid being coerced or used by the US.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on February 2, 2023)?
?? 需要指出的是，美国近年来在南海周边不断强化军事部署，派遣大规模军舰军机到南海滋事挑衅，严重威胁沿海国主权和安全，损害南海良好秩序和航行安全。希望美方停止在南海问题上挑拨离间，停止在南海耀武扬威，为维护地区和平与稳定发挥建设性作用。?
I need to point out that the US has been enhancing military deployment around the South China Sea in recent years and has frequently sent warships and military aircraft on a large scale for provocative purposes, which gravely threatens the sovereignty and security of littoral countries and undermines the sound order and navigation safety in these waters. We hope the US will stop sowing discord and flexing muscles in the South China Sea, and play a constructive role in maintaining regional peace and stability.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on March 22, 2022)
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军事外交工作深入贯彻习近平强军思想，深入贯彻习近平外交思想，以元首外交为引领，以高层交往为抓手，以务实合作为关键，以多边平台为亮点，守正创新、勇毅前行，全面推进国际军事合作提质增效，实现高质量发展。一是有力服务政治外交大局。在元首外交战略引领下，中央军委领导与俄罗斯、美国、越南、柬埔寨、巴基斯坦、南非等国防务部门和军队领导人开展战略沟通，深化战略合作。中国军队与相关国家军队加强磋商对话，拓展务实合作，积极推动元首外交成果在国际军事合作领域落地见效。二是坚决捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益。针对个别国家在台湾问题、南海问题上的消极错误言论和侵权挑衅行径，在依法依规组织维权行动的同时，有效开展外交交涉，及时有力发声批驳，表明中方严正立场，警示、揭批外方消极动向。三是积极拓展涉外军事行动。组织实施中俄“北部·联合-2023”、“和平友谊-2023”、中柬“金龙-2023”、中老“友谊盾牌-2023”等联演联训联赛34项，拓展多双边演训合作平台，深化与有关国家军队的互信合作，为维护地区稳定贡献了积极力量。四是创新开展多边外交活动。举办第十届北京香山论坛、第三届中非和平安全论坛等，探索热点问题和平解决途径，打造国际安全合作新范式；参加香格里拉对话会、上合组织防长会、东盟防长扩大会等多边活动，积极阐释全球安全倡议等重大理念主张，凝聚国际社会和平合作共识。五是服务构建人类命运共同体。“和平方舟”号医院船出访基里巴斯、汤加、瓦努阿图、所罗门群岛、东帝汶等5国，解放军医疗专家常驻赞比亚、柬埔寨、老挝等国，为当地民众提供医疗服务；空军运-20飞机赴阿富汗、尼泊尔等国执行人道主义救援任务；海军舰艇编队赴苏丹紧急撤侨；积极参加维和、护航等行动，向国际社会持续提供公共安全产品。为了和平，走向世界。中国军队始终以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，始终致力于拓展深化对外军事关系，加强务实交流合作，为维护世界和平、促进共同发展作出应有贡献。?
The year 2023 marks the first year for fully implementing the guiding principles laid down at the 20th CPC National Congress. On military diplomacy, we acted on Xi Jinping Thought on Strengthening the Military and Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, followed the guidance of head-of-state diplomacy, took high-level exchanges as important means, focused on practical cooperation and gave emphasis to multilateral platforms. We have broken new ground, forged ahead with enterprise and fortitude, enhanced the quality and efficiency of international military cooperation and achieve high-quality development. First, military diplomacy served the overall political and diplomatic objectives of China. Under the strategic guidance of head-of-state diplomacy, leaders of the Central Military Commission (CMC) had strategic communication with defense and military leaders of Russia, the United States, Vietnam, Cambodia, Pakistan, South Africa, etc., and deepened bilateral strategic cooperation. The Chinese military enhanced consultation and dialogue and expanded practical cooperation with relevant militaries to put into practice the achievements of head-of-state diplomacy. Second, military diplomacy resolutely safeguarded national sovereignty, security and development interests. In response to the negative and wrong rhetoric and infringements and provocations made by certain countries on the Taiwan question and the South China Sea issue, while taking actions to protect our rights in accordance with laws and regulations, the Chinese military also made diplomatic representations, and timely refuted, warned and exposed the wrongdoings and negative moves of relevant countries, and made clear China's positions through MND spokesperson and the media. Thirdly, we have expanded foreign-related military operations. The PLA organized and conducted 34 joint training, exercises and international military games including the China-Russia "Beibu Unity-2023" joint exercise, the "Aman youyi-2023" joint exercise with southeast Asian countries, the China-Cambodia "Golden Dragon 2023" joint exercise, the China-Laos "Friendship Shield-2023" joint exercise. Through expanded bilateral and multilateral exercises and training, the PLA has deepened mutual trust and cooperation with the militaries of relevant countries, and played a positive role in maintaining regional stability. Fourthly, we have made innovative efforts in multilateral diplomacy. The tenth Beijing Xiangshan Forum and the third China-Africa Peace and Security Forum hosted by China were widely attended and welcomed. We attended multilateral events including the Shangri-La dialogue, the Defense Ministers' Meeting of the Member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting Plus (ADMM+), and actively introduced major initiatives such as the Global Security Initiative and promoted international consensus for peace and cooperation. Fifthly, we have contributed to building a community with a shared future for mankind. The PLAN Ark Peace hospital ship visited Kiribati, Tonga, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, and Timor-Leste. The Chinese military medical expert teams continued to work in Zambia, Cambodia and Laos, and provided medical service to the local people. PLA Air Force Y-20 transport aircraft carried out humanitarian relief missions to Afghanistan and Nepal. PLA Navy vessels rushed to Sudan to evacuate Chinese nationals. The Chinese military also actively participated in UN peacekeeping and vessel protection operations, consistently providing public security goods to the international community. Embracing the world for peace, the Chinese military will always follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and stay committed to expanding and deepening relations with foreign militaries, strengthening practical exchanges and cooperation, and making due contributions to world peace and common development.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 我们多次指出，中美两军交往并未中断，双方通过军事外交渠道保持着坦诚有效的沟通。?
We have pointed out many times that exchanges between the Chinese and the US militaries have not stopped. The two sides have maintained candid and effective communication through military diplomatic channels.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on September 28, 2023)?
?? 首先我要指出，中美两军交往并非处于中断状态，双方通过军事外交渠道保持着坦诚有效的沟通。?
First, I want to clarify that China-US mil-to-mil engagement is not stopped. The two sides maintain candid and effective communication through military diplomatic channels.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on August 31, 2023)
领英推荐
Current quote:
强军事业，期待有你。军校是勇敢者的熔炉，是奋斗者的摇篮，更是精忠报国的当然之选。我们欢迎更多有志青年报考军校、携笔从戎，让最美的青春与祖国同在、与时代共鸣。?
The cause of strengthening the military is waiting for you. Military academy is a forge for the brave, a cradle of the strivers, and a natural choice for those who want to serve the country. We welcome more young aspirants to apply for military academies and join the military. Youth shines the brightest when dedicated to the motherland and resonating with the times.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 总的看，今年军校报考热度较往年有所提升，意愿报考人数持续增多，全国31个省市共5万余名考生参加军检；录取计划完成率创新高；生源质量逐年攀升，录取考生成绩平均高出各省一本线或特殊类型招生控制线近90分。携笔从戎，激扬青春。我们热烈欢迎考入军校的新同学！军校是大家军旅生涯的起点，是热血交融、梦想驰骋的地方。?
In general, this year [2023] military academies are more favored by students compared to previous years. The number of registered candidates continues to increase, with a total of over 50,000 examinees from 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China participating in the military health examination. The completion rate of enrollment plans reaches a record high. The quality of students has increased year by year, and the average examination score of enrolled students in military academies is nearly 90 points higher than the thresholds for first-tier civilian universities or special-type enrollment in the same province. Join the military from school and ride the crest of youth. We warmly welcome the students admitted to military academies. This is the starting point of your military career, and a place where passion and dreams run wild.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on July 27, 2023)
据报道，菲军政官员多次表示，中国海警在仁爱礁附近使用水炮袭击菲律宾船只，并对菲船进行冲撞，引发地区局势紧张。此外，菲方称中方还使用远程声波装置和军用级激光器攻击菲船员。?
It is reported that the Philippine government and military officials said many times that the China Coast Guard used water cannons to attack and rammed Philippine vessels near Ren'ai Jiao, causing tensions in the region. Furthermore, the Philippine side accused China of using long-range sonic-devices and military grade lasers to attack Philippine sailors.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)
Current quote:
今年以来，全军部队认真学习贯彻党的二十大精神，紧扣建军一百年奋斗目标，聚焦备战打仗，坚持实战实训、联战联训、科技强训、依法治训，加快推进军事训练转型升级。 ... 三是突出科技练兵，强化“科技+”“科学家+”“网络+”训练理念，广泛开展基地化模拟化网络化训练，军事训练质效不断提高。?
Since the beginning of the year [2023], the Chinese military has thoroughly studied and followed the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress, and focused on achieving the military's centenary goal and improving combat readiness. We have upheld realistic training for real combat, joint training for joint operations, strengthening training through technology, and running training in accordance with law, and expedited the transformation and upgrade of military training. ... Thirdly, we have improved training with technological application. Quality and efficacy of military training were improved with further application of concepts including "technology+", "scientist+", and "cyber+" and wider use of training bases, simulation systems and online platforms.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 今年以来，全军部队坚决贯彻落实习主席开训动员令和军委军事训练会议精神，聚焦备战打仗，深化实战实训、联战联训、科技强训、依法治训，推进新时代军事训练开新局、迈新步。?
Since the start of this year, the Chinese military has been resolutely implementing the training order of President Xi and the requirements of the CMC military training meeting. Focusing on improving military preparedness, the armed forces have strengthened realistic training, joint training, technology-based training and rules-based training, so as to make new progress in military training in the new era.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on June 24, 2021)
Current quote:
今年是联合国开展维和行动75周年。目前，中国是联合国安理会五常中派遣维和军事人员最多的国家，也是联合国第二大维和摊款贡献国，中国军队累计参加25项联合国维和行动，派出维和军事人员5万余人次，现有约1800余名官兵在联合国总部及南苏丹、刚果（金）、黎巴嫩等任务区执行维和任务，主要包括工兵、医疗、步兵、直升机、快反分队等类型，为维护世界和平与安全发挥了重要作用，为冲突地区带来安宁与稳定、为世界点亮和平与希望。中国“蓝盔”已成为联合国维和行动的关键力量。?
This year marks the 75th anniversary of the UN peacekeeping operations (UNPKOs). China is the largest troop contributing country among the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council and the second largest financial contributor to the UN peacekeeping budget. China has participated in 25 UN peacekeeping missions and has contributed more than 50,000 peacekeepers. As we speak, nearly 2,000 Chinese peacekeepers, mainly in engineering, transportation, medical, police, infantry and helicopter units, are deployed in the UN Headquarters and mission areas including South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and Lebanon. They have played an important role in maintaining world peace and security, bringing tranquility and stability to conflict zones and generating peace and hope for the world. The Chinese blue helmets have become a key force in UN peacekeeping operations. 中国“蓝盔”已成为联合国维和行动的关键力量。? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 我们坚持走和平发展道路，始终致力于政治解决热点问题，提出全球安全倡议，积极参与联合国维和行动和国际军控、裁军、防扩散进程，已累计派出5万多人次参加联合国维和行动，成为第二大联合国会费国和维和摊款国，通过设立中国—联合国和平与发展基金支持联合国各领域工作，为世界和平与发展作出贡献。?
China follows the path of peaceful development. We have been committed to the political settlement of hotspot issues. We launched the Global Security Initiative. We take an active part in the UN peacekeeping operations (UNPKOs) and the international arms control, disarmament and nonproliferation processes. China has sent over 50,000 peacekeepers to UNPKOs. We are the second largest contributor to UN regular budget and peacekeeping assessments. We have supported the UN’s work in various fields through establishing the Peace and Development Trust Fund with the UN. Those are all part of China’s contribution to world peace and development.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on October 24, 2022)?
?? 今年是中国派出首支成建制“蓝盔部队”参加联合国维和行动30周年，中国维和力量为维护世界和平与安全作出了积极贡献。?
This year [2022] marks the 30th anniversary of China’s participation in UN peacekeeping operations (UNPKOs) with its first formed military unit of Blue Helmets. Chinese peacekeeping forces have contributed to safeguarding world peace and security.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on April 18, 2022)?
?? 1992年4月16日，中国派出首支成建制“蓝盔部队”赴柬埔寨参加联合国维和行动。?
On April 16, 1992, China dispatched its first formed military unit of Blue Helmets to Cambodia for UNPKOs.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on April 18, 2022)?
?? 30年来，一批又一批中国维和军人前赴后继、向险而行，为世界和平英勇出征、砥砺前行，先后参加了25项联合国维和行动，累计派出维和官兵近5万人次，足迹遍布全球20多个国家和地区，被誉为“维和行动的关键因素和关键力量”。?
Over the past three decades, one unit after another of Chinese peacekeepers have embarked with courage and fortitude on one mission after anther, often placing themselves in harm’s way in the service of peace. China has sent nearly 50,000 peacekeepers to 25 UNPKOs in more than 20 countries and regions.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on April 18, 2022)
Current quote:
今年以来，全军部队认真学习贯彻党的二十大精神，紧扣建军一百年奋斗目标，聚焦备战打仗，坚持实战实训、联战联训、科技强训、依法治训，加快推进军事训练转型升级。?
Since the beginning of the year [2023], the Chinese military has thoroughly studied and followed the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress, and focused on achieving the military's centenary goal and improving combat readiness. We have upheld realistic training for real combat, joint training for joint operations, strengthening training through technology, and running training in accordance with law, and expedited the transformation and upgrade of military training.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 今年以来，全军部队坚决贯彻落实习主席开训动员令和军委军事训练会议精神，聚焦备战打仗，深化实战实训、联战联训、科技强训、依法治训，推进新时代军事训练开新局、迈新步。?
Since the start of this year, the Chinese military has been resolutely implementing the training order of President Xi and the requirements of the CMC military training meeting. Focusing on improving military preparedness, the armed forces have strengthened realistic training, joint training, technology-based training and rules-based training, so as to make new progress in military training in the new era.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on June 24, 2021)
Current quote:
美方言论罔顾事实、颠倒黑白，无端指责中方正当维权行为，对此我们强烈不满、坚决反对。中国对包括仁爱礁在内的南沙群岛及其附近海域拥有无可争辩的主权。美方为了一己私利，怂恿挑动菲方侵权挑衅，还妄图用什么《美菲共同防御条约》威胁、胁迫中方，中方不吃这一套。仁爱礁问题是中菲之间的事，与第三方无关。我们要求美方立即停止插手南海问题，停止怂恿鼓动支持菲方侵权挑衅，以实际行动维护地区和平稳定。?
The US is misrepresenting facts and making groundless accusations on China's legitimate actions of rights protection. We strongly deplore and firmly oppose that. China has indisputable sovereignty over Nansha Qundao and the adjacent waters, including Ren'ai Jiao. The US, out of selfish calculations, incited and emboldened the Philippines to infringe upon China's sovereignty and make provocations, and attempted to threaten and coerce China with the US-Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty. It will not work on China. Issues related to Ren'ai Jiao are between China and the Philippines and have nothing to do with any third party. We urge the US to immediately stop meddling in the South China Sea issue, stop instigating the Philippines' infringements and provocations, and maintain regional peace and stability with concrete actions.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 当地时间10日，美国国务院发表声明，对中国在黄岩岛和仁爱礁附近海域采取的执法措施妄加指责，并再次威胁《美菲共同防御条约》适用于南海。?
On December 10 [2023] local time, US State Department released a statement making groundless accusation against China’s law enforcement measures in waters near Huangyan Dao and Ren’ai Jiao and threatening once again that the US Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty extends to the South China Sea.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on December 13, 2023)?
?? 一段时间以来，美国基于自身地缘政治私利，不断怂恿、支持、配合菲方海上侵权挑衅行动，并动辄以《美菲共同防御条约》相威胁，是在明目张胆地为菲方侵犯中方主权撑腰打气，严重违反《联合国宪章》宗旨和原则，严重危害地区和平稳定。中方早已声明，南海仲裁案所谓裁决是非法的、无效的，没有任何拘束力。美方自己拒不执行国际法院判决，多次抵制国际仲裁裁决，有什么资格和底气要求中方执行非法的仲裁裁决？我们正告美方，任何威胁、胁迫和无端攻击指责都是徒劳的，都阻挡不了中国维护自身领土主权和海洋权益的坚定决心和意志。中方将继续依据国内法和国际法坚决捍卫自身的合法主权和权益。美方的图谋不会得逞。?
For some time, out of selfish geopolitical interests, the US has incited, supported and assisted in the Philippines’ infringement and provocation at sea, and repeatedly made threats by citing the US Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty. Such moves blatantly embolden the Philippines’ violation of China’s sovereignty, seriously violate the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and gravely jeopardize regional peace and stability. China has made clear that the so-called arbitral award on the South China Sea is illegal, null and void, and has no binding effect whatsoever. The US itself would not implement the judgement of the International Court of Justice and international arbitral awards. In what position is the US to tell China that it should implement an illegal arbitral award? The US needs to know that no threat, coercion or unfounded attack and accusation will lead anywhere or shake China’s firm resolve and will in safeguarding its territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests. China will continue to resolutely uphold its legitimate sovereignty and rights and interests in accordance with domestic and international law. The US’s attempts will not succeed.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on December 13, 2023)?
?? 前不久，中菲舰船在仁爱礁附近海域发生擦碰。菲防长称，中方行为严重违反国际法。菲律宾武装部队参谋长表示，尽管中国在南海驱逐菲律宾船只，但对仁爱礁搁浅军舰“马德雷山号”的物资运送仍将进行。美总统国家安全事务助理重申美对菲支持，强调《美菲共同防御条约》适用于菲海警。?
Not long ago, a friction happened between the vessels of China and the Philippines in waters near Ren'ai Jiao. The Philippines' Defense Secretary said that "Chinese Coast Guard and maritime militia vessels" were "in blatant violation of international law." The Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) expressed that "supplies to troops stationed at BRP Sierra Madre" grounded on Ren'ai Jiao "would continue to be transported by boat" despite being repeatedly expelled by China. The US National Security Advisor reiterated US support for the Philippines, and emphasized that the US-Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty also applied to the Philippine Coast Guard.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on October 26, 2023)
今年以来，全军部队认真学习贯彻党的二十大精神，紧扣建军一百年奋斗目标，聚焦备战打仗，坚持实战实训、联战联训、科技强训、依法治训，加快推进军事训练转型升级。一是突出打牢训练基础，组织召开全军基础训练现场会，推开专长化任教、集约化组训、模拟化训练、标准化考核的组训模式方法，推动构建基础训练转型发展新格局，夯实打胜仗的根基和“底盘”。?
Since the beginning of the year [2023], the Chinese military has thoroughly studied and followed the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress, and focused on achieving the military's centenary goal and improving combat readiness. We have upheld realistic training for real combat, joint training for joint operations, strengthening training through technology, and running training in accordance with law, and expedited the transformation and upgrade of military training. Firstly, we have consolidated the foundation for training. The on-site meeting on basic training was organized to promote models and measures including specialized teaching, integrated training, simulation training, and standardized assessment. The military has striven for new transformation and development of basic training to lay the foundation for fighting and winning wars.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)
上个月，中美两国元首在旧金山会晤期间，一致同意在平等和尊重的基础上恢复两军高层沟通、中美国防部工作会晤、中美海上军事安全磋商机制会议，开展中美两军战区领导通话。?
During their San Francisco meeting last month [November 2023], the heads of state of China and the US agreed to resume, on the basis of equality and respect, high-level military-to-military communication, the China-U.S. Defense Policy Coordination Talks, and the China-U.S. Military Maritime Consultative Agreement meetings, and to conduct telephone conversations between theater commanders.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)
至于使用所谓“声波”和“激光”武器，完全是无中生有。中方既没有意图，也没有必要使用类似装置。中方始终致力于通过对话协商解决分歧，共同维护海上稳定，但也不会对菲方一而再、再而三的挑衅滋事坐视不管。?
As for the so-called "sonic" or "laser" weapons, this is entirely groundless accusation. China has no intention or necessity to use such devices. China is always committed to resolving differences through dialogue and consultation and making joint efforts to maintain maritime stability, but we will not turn a blind eye towards the Philippines' repeated provocations and harassment.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)
Current quote:
12月21日晚，中央军委委员、军委联合参谋部参谋长刘振立与美军参联会主席布朗进行视频通话，就落实两国元首旧金山会晤涉军重要共识和共同关心的问题坦诚深入交换意见，取得积极的建设性成果。下一步，希望美方和中方相向而行，切实在平等和尊重的基础上，推动两军关系健康稳定向前发展。关于具体交往项目，两国防务部门正保持着沟通协调，我们将适时发布消息。?
On the night of December 21st [2023], General Liu Zhenli, Chief of the Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission (CMC), had a video call with General Charles Brown, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the US military. The two sides exchanged candid and in-depth views on implementing the important military-related consensus reached between the two heads of state in San Francisco and on other issues of common interest. The video call yielded positive and constructive outcomes. Going forward, we expect the US side to work with us in the same direction and take concrete actions on the basis of equality and respect to promote the sound and steady development of China-US military-to-military relationship. As for specific exchange programs, the defense authorities of the two countries are in communication and coordination with each other. We will release relevant information in due course.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 中方主管部门已经发布了中央军委委员、军委联合参谋部参谋长刘振立应约与美军参联会主席布朗进行视频通话的情况。?
Competent authorities have issued the readout on the video conversation between member of the Central Military Commission (CMC) and Chief of the CMC Joint Staff Department Liu Zhenli and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Charles Brown at US request.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on December 22, 2023)?
?? 10月30日，中国政府朝鲜半岛事务特别代表刘晓明应约同美国国务院对朝政策特别代表金圣视频通话，双方就朝鲜半岛形势交换意见。?
Special Representative of the Chinese Government on Korean Peninsula Affairs Liu Xiaoming had a virtual meeting with the US Special Representative for the DPRK Sung Kim at the invitation of the US side. The two sides exchanged views on the situation on the Korean Peninsula.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on October 30, 2023)?
?? 7月5日上午，刘鹤副总理应约与耶伦财长举行视频通话。双方就宏观经济形势、全球产业链供应链稳定等议题务实、坦诚交换了意见，交流富有建设性。?
In the morning of July 5, [2022] Vice Premier Liu He held a conference call with Treasury Secretary Yellen. The two sides had practical and candid exchanges of views on a number of issues such as the macro economy and stability of global industrial and supply chains. The discussion has been constructive.? (MOFCOM Regular Press Conference_July 7, 2022)?
?? 前不久，习近平主席同拜登总统举行视频通话。双方都赞同中美要相互尊重、和平共处、避免对抗。拜登总统重申，美方不寻求“新冷战”，不寻求改变中国体制，不寻求通过强化同盟关系反对中国，不支持“台独”，无意同中国发生冲突。?
Not long ago, President Xi Jinping had a virtual meeting with President Biden. The two sides agree that China and the US should respect each other, co-exist in peace and avoid confrontation. President Biden reiterated that the US does not seek a new Cold War with China; that it does not aim to change China’s system; that the revitalization of its alliances is not targeted at China; that it does not support “Taiwan independence”; and that it has no intention to seek a conflict with China.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on May 5, 2022)
Current quote:
今年以来，全军部队认真学习贯彻党的二十大精神，紧扣建军一百年奋斗目标，聚焦备战打仗，坚持实战实训、联战联训、科技强训、依法治训，加快推进军事训练转型升级。 ... 二是突出实战实训，坚持以联为纲的练兵理念，常态组织基于现实威胁的实战化训练，深入展开各层次各领域对抗训练，部队实战化训练水平持续提升。?
Since the beginning of the year [2023], the Chinese military has thoroughly studied and followed the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress, and focused on achieving the military's centenary goal and improving combat readiness. We have upheld realistic training for real combat, joint training for joint operations, strengthening training through technology, and running training in accordance with law, and expedited the transformation and upgrade of military training. ... Secondly, we have strengthened realistic training for real combat. Guided by the concept of "training for joint operations", the armed forces has organized realistic training based on real threats on a regular basis, and carried out force-on-force training at different levels in various areas. This has elevated training in real combat conditions.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 今年以来，全军部队坚决贯彻落实习主席开训动员令和军委军事训练会议精神，聚焦备战打仗，深化实战实训、联战联训、科技强训、依法治训，推进新时代军事训练开新局、迈新步。? Since the start of this year, the Chinese military has been resolutely implementing the training order of President Xi and the requirements of the CMC military training meeting. Focusing on improving military preparedness, the armed forces have strengthened realistic training, joint training, technology-based training and rules-based training, so as to make new progress in military training in the new era.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on June 24, 2021)
Current quote:
据报道，菲军政官员多次表示，中国海警在仁爱礁附近使用水炮袭击菲律宾船只，并对菲船进行冲撞，引发地区局势紧张。此外，菲方称中方还使用远程声波装置和军用级激光器攻击菲船员。?
It is reported that the Philippine government and military officials said many times that the China Coast Guard used water cannons to attack and rammed Philippine vessels near Ren'ai Jiao, causing tensions in the region. Furthermore, the Philippine side accused China of using long-range sonic-devices and military grade lasers to attack Philippine sailors.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 美国海军第七舰队司令近日称，中国海警对菲律宾船只使用水炮，必须受到挑战和制止，美国将向菲方提供支持。?
And Vice Admiral Karl Thomas, Commander of the US Navy's Seventh Fleet, recently said that "the use of water canon by" the China Coast Guard "against a Philippine vessel must be challenged and checked". He also assured the Philippines of the US backing.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on August 31, 2023)?
?? 菲律宾外长称，三艘中国海警船拦截了菲律宾两艘为南海一个军事哨所士兵运送补给的船只，并向其发射水炮。?
The Philippines’ Foreign Affairs Secretary said that three Chinese coast guard vessels blocked and water cannoned two Philippine boats en route to supply food to soldiers in a military outpost in the South China Sea.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on November 18, 2021)
Current quote:
12月26日至30日，中国人民解放军南部战区在广州举办中国—阿拉伯国家特战反恐研讨会，沙特阿拉伯、卡塔尔、阿曼等国家特战反恐部门领导或部队指挥官参加。与会各方围绕“聚焦特战反恐合作，推动构建中阿命运共同体”主题，深入研讨地区恐怖主义新动向及联合应对，特战反恐部队的组建、训练与实战，城市特战与反恐行动，反海盗和海上恐怖主义应对等议题。此次活动旨在深化中国和阿拉伯国家特战反恐领域交流合作，推动构建中阿命运共同体。?
The PLA Southern Theatre Command hosted the China-Arab States Symposium on Special Operations and Counter-Terrorism from December 26th to 30th [2023] in Guangzhou. Leaders of special operations and counter-terrorism departments and troop commanders from countries including Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Oman attended the event. Under the theme of "Focusing on special operations and counter-terrorism cooperation, Building a China-Arab community with a shared future", delegates had an in-depth exchange of views on topics including new trends of regional terrorism and joint efforts in response, formation, training and operations of special operations and counter-terrorism forces, special operations and counter-terrorism in urban areas, combating piracy and maritime terrorism, etc. This event aims to deepen exchanges and cooperation between China and Arab countries on special operations and counter-terrorism, and build a China-Arab community with a shared future.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 10月9日至25日，中国和沙特阿拉伯在广东湛江举行“蓝剑—2023”海军特战联合训练，此次联训是两国海军首次在中国举行此系列联合训练，区分基础训练、专业训练和综合演练3个阶段实施，其中，基础训练和专业训练阶段，主要进行了楼房攀登、直升机滑降、潜水等3个专业24个课目的训练，综合演练阶段主要以中沙海军特战分队海上武力营救被劫持商船联合行动为课题，开展了海上突击营救技能训练和联合营救演练，期间，沙方专门派出观摩团，现场观摩了海上综合演练课目。?
Chinese and Saudi Arabian navies held the "Blue Sword-2023" joint training on special operations in Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province from October 9 to 25 [2023]. This is the first joint training conducted by the two navies in China. It was divided into three phases, namely basic training, specialized training and comprehensive exercise. The basic and specialized training included 24 subjects such as building climbing, helicopter fast-roping and diving. The comprehensive exercise was for naval special operations troops to jointly rescue a hijacked merchant ship. They had skill training on maritime assault and rescue, and conducted a joint rescue drill. Saudi Arabia also sent a delegation to observe the comprehensive exercise.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on October 26, 2023)?
?? 3月15日至19日，中国、伊朗、俄罗斯三国海军在阿曼湾海域举行“安全纽带-2023”海上联合军事演习。这是中伊俄三国继2019年、2022年之后第三次举行海上联演。三方共派出12艘舰艇及特战分队、潜水分队等兵力参演，主要进行了空中搜索、武力营救、临检拿捕、海上救援等科目演练，并举行海上分列式。?
The navies of China, Iran and Russia held the Security Belt-2023 joint maritime exercise in the Gulf of Oman from March 15 to 19 [2023]. This is the third joint maritime exercise among the three countries following those in 2019 and 2022. The three parties dispatched 12 vessels and special operations and diving contingents for the exercise and conducted training on subjects including aerial search, armed rescue, visit, board, search and seizure (VBSS) operations and maritime rescue, and held a fleet review.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on March 30, 2023) ?
?? 截至２０１２年１２月，共派出１３批３４艘次舰艇、２８架次直升机、９１０名特战队员，完成５３２批４９８４艘中外船舶护航任务，其中中国大陆１５１０艘、香港地区９４０艘、台湾地区７４艘、澳门地区１艘；营救遭海盗登船袭击的中国船舶２艘，解救被海盗追击的中国船舶２２艘。?
As of December 2012, the Chinese Navy has dispatched, in 13 task groups, 34 warships, 28 helicopters, and 910 Special Operations Force (SOF) soldiers, escorting 4,984 ships in 532 batches. Among them, 1,510 were Chinese mainland ships, 940 Hong Kong ships, 74 Taiwan ships and one Macao ship. The task forces also rescued two Chinese ships from pirates who had boarded them and 22 which were being chased by pirates.? (White_Paper_Diversified Employment of China's Armed Forces_2013_04_16)
据报道，美国防部正计划重启距关岛以北160千米处的天宁岛空军基地。该计划实施后，天宁岛空军基地将成为美军新的战略支点。?
It is reported that the US Department of Defense is planning to reclaim the North Airfield on the island of Tinian, 160 kilometers to the north of Guam. The airfield will become a new strategic pivot for the US military after its rehab.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)
Current quote:
今年以来，全军部队认真学习贯彻党的二十大精神，紧扣建军一百年奋斗目标，聚焦备战打仗，坚持实战实训、联战联训、科技强训、依法治训，加快推进军事训练转型升级。?
Since the beginning of the year [2023], the Chinese military has thoroughly studied and followed the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress, and focused on achieving the military's centenary goal and improving combat readiness. We have upheld realistic training for real combat, joint training for joint operations, strengthening training through technology, and running training in accordance with law, and expedited the transformation and upgrade of military training.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 今年以来，全军部队坚决贯彻落实习主席开训动员令和军委军事训练会议精神，聚焦备战打仗，深化实战实训、联战联训、科技强训、依法治训，推进新时代军事训练开新局、迈新步。?
Since the start of this year, the Chinese military has been resolutely implementing the training order of President Xi and the requirements of the CMC military training meeting. Focusing on improving military preparedness, the armed forces have strengthened realistic training, joint training, technology-based training and rules-based training, so as to make new progress in military training in the new era.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on June 24, 2021)
Current quote:
在两国元首的战略引领下，近年来中俄两国关系稳步发展，两军合作持续深入，两国关系战略内涵不断充实。?
Under the strategic guidance of the two heads of state, recent years have witnessed steady development of China-Russia relationship, with deepening military cooperation and enriched strategic connotations of bilateral relations.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 近年来，在两国元首战略引领下，中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系在高水平上持续向前发展，两军战略沟通与务实合作不断迈上新台阶，取得新进展，不断为两国关系发展充实新的战略内涵。?
In recent years, under the strategic guidance of the two heads of state, the China-Russian comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era has made steady progress on a high level. The strategic communication and pragmatic cooperation between Chinese and Russian militaries have continued to reach new heights and made new progress, enriching the bilateral relationship with new strategic connotation.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on March 30, 2023)?
?? 下一步，中方愿与俄方共同努力，全面落实两国元首重要共识，深化两军战略沟通，继续开展各领域务实合作，为两国关系不断充实新的战略内涵，为维护世界和地区的和平稳定积极贡献力量。?
Going forward, the Chinese side will make joint efforts with the Russian side to comprehensively implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, reinforce mil-to-mil strategic communication, and continue to carry out practical cooperation in different fields, so as to add new strategic significance to bilateral relations and maintain global and regional peace and stability.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on September 29, 2022)?
?? 站在历史的十字路口，我们要赓续中海友好传统，以建立中海战略伙伴关系为契机，充实中海关系战略内涵。?
Standing at a historical crossroads, we should carry forward the tradition of China-GCC [Gulf Cooperation Council]? friendship, and take the establishment of the China-GCC strategic partnership as an opportunity to enrich the strategic substance of this relationship.? (Xi_Jinping_Speech at the China-GCC Summit_2022_12_09)
?? 近年来，在习近平主席和普京总统的战略引领下，中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系持续向前发展，两军各领域交流合作日益深入，战略沟通迈上新台阶，务实合作实现新突破，机制建设取得新进展，为两国关系不断充实战略内涵。?
Under the strategic guidance of President Xi Jinping and President Vladmir Putin, the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era has made great progress in recent years. The two militaries have deepened exchanges and cooperation across the board, enhanced strategic communication, made breakthroughs in practical cooperation and made new progress in institutional exchanges. These advances have enriched the strategic contents of the bilateral relationship.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on November 25, 2021)?
Current quote:
《中导条约》是冷战时期美苏签订的双边条约，有助于维护全球战略平衡和稳定。美方单方面退约在多方面造成消极影响，中方反对美方单方面退约，反对《中导条约》多边化。需要强调的是，中国坚定奉行防御性的国防政策和积极防御的军事战略，坚定维护自己的国家安全利益。?
The INF Treaty, a bilateral treaty signed between the US and the former Soviet Union during the Cold War, has been conducive to maintaining global strategic balance and stability. The unilateral withdrawal of the US is bound to cause negative impacts in various aspects. China opposes the US unilateral withdrawal from the treaty and the multilateralization of the treaty. What needs to be emphasized is that China pursues a national defense policy that is defensive in nature and a military strategy of active defense, and will firmly safeguard its national security and interests.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 近年来，美方陆续退出《反导条约》《中导条约》等军控条约，持续推进部署全球反导系统，谋求在欧洲和亚太地区部署陆基中导，追求自身绝对安全和绝对军事优势，实际上是在制造冲突对抗的风险隐患。?
In recent years, the US has withdrawn from legal instruments on arms control including the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. It continues to deploy global anti-missile systems and seeks to deploy land-based intermediate ballistic missiles in Europe and the Asia-Pacific for its own absolute security and military superiority. In fact, these acts have increased the risks of conflicts and confrontation.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on August 31, 2023)?
?? 2019年，为不受束缚地发展先进武器，宣布退出《中导条约》。?
In 2019, the United States announced its withdrawal from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty to seek unfettered development of advanced weapons.? US Hegemony and Its Perils_美国的霸权霸道霸凌及其危害_2023_02_20?
?? 美国拥有世界最大、最先进核武库，却顽固坚持首先使用核武器政策，投入巨资升级“三位一体”核力量，退出《反导条约》《中导条约》等军控条约，大肆推进战略力量的前沿部署，并向无核武器国家扩散武器级高浓铀。?
The US possesses the biggest and most advanced nuclear arsenal in the world, but it obstinately insists on a policy of first use of nuclear weapons, invests heavily in upgrading its “nuclear triad”, withdraws from agreements on arms control including the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems and the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, seeks to forward-deploy strategic forces and spreads weapons-grade highly-enriched uranium to non-nuclear weapon states.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on May 22, 2023)?
?? 据报道，27日，俄罗斯总统普京在东亚峰会上称，《中导条约》失效后，东亚地区或将面临新一轮军备竞赛的威胁，并呼吁有关国家就此问题进行严肃对话。?
According to reports, Russian President Putin said at the East Asia Summit on October 27 that with the termination of the Treaty on the Elimination of Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles, East Asia faces the possibility of a new round of arms race. He called on countries concerned to have serious talks over this issue.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on October 28, 2021)
Curret quote:
我们敦促美方停止对中方实施网络黑客攻击，停止在网络安全领域对中国诬蔑抹黑，停止炒作“中国网络威胁”，中方将采取必要措施维护自身安全和利益。?
We urge the US side to stop hacking against China, stop smearing and discrediting China in the field of cyber security, and stop hyping up the so-called "China cyber threat". The Chinese side will take necessary measures to safeguard its own security and interests.? (Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of National Defense on December 28, 2023)?
Previous PRC history of the term:
?? 美网络安全公司一直热衷于炒作所谓“中国网络威胁论”，但拿不出什么确凿的证据，其开列的所谓“证据”也广受网络专家质疑，既不专业，更不负责任。?
US cyber security companies have long been interested in hyping up the so-called "cyber threat from China" with no solid proof. The so-called "evidence" they got, which is not professional and much less responsible, is widely questioned by cyber experts.? (Foreign Ministry Regular Press Conference on December 10, 2013)
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