Main Concepts in React.js

React.js is a popular JavaScript library for building user interfaces, primarily for single-page applications. Here are the main concepts in React.js:

1. Components

• Function Components: These are simple JavaScript functions that return React elements. They can use hooks to manage state and side effects.
• Class Components: These are ES6 classes that extend React. Component and have a render method that returns React elements.

2. JSX (JavaScript XML)

• JSX is a syntax extension that allows writing HTML-like code within JavaScript. It makes it easier to create React elements. For Example:

const element = <h1>Hello, world!</h1>;        

3. Props (Properties)

• Props are inputs to components. They are used to pass data from parent to child components. For Example:

function Welcome(props) { return <h1>Hello, {props.name}</h1>; }        

4. State

• State is a built-in object that stores property values that belong to a component. When the state changes, the component re-renders. For Example:

const [count, setCount] = useState(0);        

5. Lifecycle Methods

Class components have lifecycle methods that can be used to run code at specific times in a component's lifecycle

(e.g., componentDidMount, componentDidUpdate, componentWillUnmount).

6. Hooks

Hooks are functions that let you use state and other React features in function components. Here are a few famous ones:

1. useState: Manages state.
2. useEffect: Manages side effects.
3. useContext: Accesses context.
4. useReducer: Manages more complex state logic.
5. useRef: Accesses DOM elements or keeps a mutable variable.

Beside these, a very good one is that react lets you create you own custom hooks as well.

These concepts form the core of React and are essential for building robust, maintainable, and scalable applications.

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