Lowering fat-content in the diet for patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis may help to restore gut health and reduce inflammation
Adding dietary fiber, while in the same time lowering fat content in a diet, may help to improve management of symptoms in chronic gut conditions.?
An exploratory cross-over study conducted by Fritsch et al. (2021), examining the influence of two diets differing in the fat content on clinical outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis, found that low-fat, high fiber diet (LFD) (10% of calories from fat) compared with improved standard American diet (iSAD) (35%–40% of calories from fat) after 4 weeks induced a noticeable significant shift in the gut microbiome composition towards anti-inflammatory species, like Faecalibacterium prausnitzli and led to significant increase in Prevotella species compared to baseline. It must be mentioned that these favorable changes were not observed in iSAD.??
What is also important is to note that both LFD and iSAD did not cause an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, in this study LFD was associated with a marginal decrease in serum amyloid A (an inflammatory marker) and a significant decrease in pro-inflammatory saturated fatty acids (lauric acid and myristic acid) compared with iSAD.
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Results of the following cross-over study of patients with ulcerative colitis in remission, demonstrate that a catered LFD or iSAD were each well tolerated and increased quality of life. However, only the LFD decreased markers of inflammation and reduced intestinal dysbiosis in fecal samples. To confirm that suitability in gastroenterology practice, further dietary interventions are needed to ensure the benefits for patients with ulcerative colitis in remission.
Reference paper
Fritsch J, Garces L, Quintero MA, Pignac-Kobinger J, Santander AM, Fernández I, Ban YJ, Kwon D, Phillips MC, Knight K, Mao Q, Santaolalla R, Chen XS, Maruthamuthu M, Solis N, Damas OM, Kerman DH, Deshpande AR, Lewis JE, Chen C, Abreu MT. Low-Fat, High-Fiber Diet Reduces Markers of Inflammation and Dysbiosis and Improves Quality of Life in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Jun;19(6):1189-1199.e30.