Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) Battery Chemical Reaction
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Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery is an emerging high-performance battery. Its chemical reaction mechanism is an electrochemical process. Due to its advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness, it has been widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, communication equipment, and other fields—a wide range of applications.
The chemical reaction of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery mainly includes two parts: charging reaction and discharge reaction.
Charging reaction:
During the charging process, the positive electrode (lithium iron phosphate) loses oxygen molecules, oxidizes it to iron trioxide (Fe203), and releases electrons. At the same time, the negative electrode (graphite) absorbs electrons and reduces lithium ions to metallic lithium.
Positive reaction: LiFePO4->Lil-xFePO4 + xLi+ +xe
Negative reaction: xLi++xe-+C6->LiC6
Among them, LiFePO4 is the chemical formula of lithium iron phosphate, Lil-xFePO4 is a chemical substance containing vacancies, xLi+ represents lithium ions that have lost x electrons, xe- represents the x electrons released, and C6 is the chemical formula of graphite.
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In this reaction, lithium ions migrate from the positive electrode to the negative electrode when the battery is charged, react chemically with graphite at the negative electrode, and adhere to the surface of the graphite to form lithium compounds. At the same time, electrons in the battery also flow from the positive electrode to the negative electrode, generating current in the external circuit.
Summarize:
Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery is a battery with lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode, graphite as the negative electrode, and the electrolyte is a lithium salt solution. The chemical reaction mechanism is an electrochemical process. The chemical reactions during the charge and discharge process mainly involve the migration of lithium ions and the redox reaction. Lithium iron phosphate batteries have the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness, and have important application prospects in the field of new energy.
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