Literals And Integers in Solidity

Literals

Solidity?gives the usage of literal for assignments to variables. Literals?don’t?have names;?they’re?the values themselves. Variables can change their values during program execution, but a literal remains?an equivalent?value throughout. Take?a glance?at?the subsequent?samples of?various literals:

• Illustrations of integer literals are 1, 10, 1,000, -1, and -100.
• Examples of string literals are “Ritesh” and ‘Modi’. String literals?are often?in single or?quotation marks.
• Examples of address literals are 0xca35b7d915458ef540ade6068dfe2f44e8fa733c and 0x1111111111111111111111111111111111111111.
• Hexadecimal literals are prefixed with the hex keyword. An example of hexadecimal literals is hex”1A2B3F”.
• Solidity supports decimal literals with?the utilization?of dots. Examples include 4.5 and 0.2.

Integers

Integers help in storing numbers in contracts.?Solidity?provides?the subsequent?two?sorts of?integer:

• Signed integers:?Signed integers may hold both negative and positive values.
• Unsigned integers:?Unsigned integers can hold only positive values?alongside?zero.?they will?also hold negative values?aside from?positive?and 0?values.

There are multiple flavors of literals and integers in solidity for each?of those?types. Solidity gives uint8 type to represent 8-bit unsigned integer and thereon in multiples of 8 till it reaches 256. In short, there can?be?32 different declarations of units with different multiples of 8,?like?uint8, uint16, unit24, as far as uint256 bit.?

Mathematical operations?like?addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponential, negation, post-increment, and pre-increment?are often?performed on integers.?the subsequent?screenshot shows?a number of?these examples:

Similarly, there are equivalent data types for integers?like?int8, int16 till int256.?counting on?requirements, an appropriately sized integer should be chosen.?for instance, while storing values between 0 and 255 uint8?is acceptable, and while storing values between -128 to 127 int8 is more suitable. For higher values, larger integers?are often?used. The default value for both signed and unsigned integers is zero, to which?they’re?initialized automatically at the time of declaration. Integers are value types; however, when used as an array?they’re?mentioned?as reference types.

Solidity

Solidity?has a number literal type for each rational number. Integer literals and rational number literals belong to number literal types. Moreover, all number literal expressions (i.e. the expressions that contain only number literals and operators) belong to number literal types.

Following are the types of Solidity:

1. Solidity value types include Booleans, integers, fixed-point numbers, addresses, contract types, fixed-size byte arrays, rational and integer literals, and enums.
2. Reference types such as arrays and structs can be stored in these options: memory, storage, and calldata.

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