LEARNING LESSONS FROM THE PAST TO PREVENT DISASTERS IN THE PRESENT AND MAKE A BETTER FUTURE

According to Native American ancestors, the Americas were once a tropical paradise without harsh winters before the Little Ice Age. The Little Ice Age was a period of cooler global temperatures that occurred between roughly 1300-1850 AD. Though not a true ice age, it saw an expansion of glaciers and sea ice in many parts of the world. It was an event that led to the death of over 55 million Native Americans and hundreds of thousands of Europeans. This event led to much of the ancient world history, the collapse of civilizations, and technologies being lost for ages.

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Several factors likely contributed to the Little Ice Age:

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• Reduced solar activity - Lower levels of solar irradiance and increased volcanic activity may have reduced incoming solar radiation, causing a drop in temperatures globally. The Maunder Minimum, 70 years of extremely low sunspot activity from 1645-1715, occurred during the Little Ice Age.

• Changes in ocean circulation - Variations in ocean currents like the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation may have affected heat distribution and temperatures. For example, a southward shift of the Gulf Stream reduced heat transport to the North Atlantic.

• Increased volcanic, earthquake, and intense mudflood activity - Major volcanic eruptions like the 1815 Mount Tambora eruption ejected sulfur into the atmosphere, reducing incoming solar radiation.

• Natural climate variability - Shifts between climate patterns like the El Nino Southern Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation may have amplified cooling.

• Deforestation and land use changes - Human activities that reduced forest cover and increased agriculture may have contributed to cooling.

• The coldest period of the Little Ice Age occurred in the 17th century. In Europe and North America, temperatures were 1-2°C lower on average compared to the 20th century. This caused increased glaciation, colder winters, and major negative impacts on agriculture, health, and economics in some regions. The Little Ice Age demonstrates how variations in solar activity, ocean circulation, volcanism, and human land use can affect global climate patterns.

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The same conditions that perpetuated the Little Ice Age are happening right now on our planet in modern times, so it will be wise to take necessary precautions. According to many ancient indigenous cultures, there is no such thing as coincidence.

THE PARIS CLIMATE AGREEMENT AND THE LAST “LITTLE ICE AGE”: UNEXPECTED PARALLELS

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At first glance, the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement and the Little Ice Age of the 17th and 19th centuries appear to have little in common. Yet both pivotal moments share some surprising similarities in the causes, worldwide response, and coordination they provoked.

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The Little Ice Age was a period of unusual cold in parts of the world that saw expanding glaciers and disruptions to agriculture. While not a true ice age, temperatures dropped across Europe and North America by 1-2°C compared to 20th century averages. Historians attribute this anomalous cooling to decreased solar activity, increased volcanic eruptions, and natural changes in ocean currents.

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In 2015, the Paris Climate Agreement brought nearly 200 countries together to set targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and limiting global temperature rise. The voluntary pledges aim to keep warming below 2°C to avoid destabilizing climate change impacts. Yet current commitments are projected to be insufficient to meet the agreement's temperature goals.

Slowing the rate of warming can result in lower temperatures over time compared to if warming is allowed to continue unabated. Here's a bit more explanation:

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• Greenhouse gases like CO2 trap heat and cause rising temperatures. Reducing emissions lowers the greenhouse effect and slows the warming rate.
• A big contributing factor to the last Little Ice Age was a decrease in global CO2 levels.
• But there is a delay between emissions cuts and temperature effects. Existing CO2 can remain for centuries. This means temperatures will likely still increase in the near term even with mitigation efforts.
• While reducing the rate doesn't immediately drop temperatures, it does result in much lower temperatures in the long run than if we remained on a high emissions path. Additional CO2 removal may be able to eventually bring temperatures down further over centuries.

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Reducing the rate of warming does not directly reduce current temperatures. But it does lead to lower future temperatures than otherwise expected by curbing additional greenhouse warming.

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GEOENGINEERING EFFECTS OF SOME CARBON REMOVAL INITIATIVES

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Some of the carbon removal methods that could help countries meet their Paris Agreement emissions reduction goals do involve geoengineering-like techniques, even if not explicitly mentioned in the agreement. Some geoengineering practices can cause an air-cooling effect, increases in seismic activity, and volcanic eruptions.

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THE LITTLE ICE AGE’S IMPACT ON PLANET EARTH

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The Little Ice Age had several major impacts on different regions of the planet:

• Expanded mountain glaciers and ice sheets - Glaciers advanced in many mountain ranges including the European Alps, Himalayas, and the Rocky Mountains. Ice sheets expanded in Greenland and Antarctica.
• Increased sea ice - Arctic sea ice expanded southward, enveloping Iceland and reaching as far as the Gulf of Venice in winter months. Sea ice hampered navigation.
• Colder winters - Winters were 1-2°C colder on average in the Northern Hemisphere, with more severe cold snaps and frost days recorded.
• Changed precipitation patterns - Some areas like Northern Europe saw increased rainfall while others like the Sahel region of Africa experienced drought. The Asian monsoon was disrupted.
• Shortened growing seasons - Colder weather shortened growing seasons across Europe and North America, hurting agriculture. Wine grape harvests failed repeatedly.
• Famines and disease - Cooler temperatures led to reduced arable land and crop yields, causing famines. Malnutrition increases susceptibility to plagues.
• Social unrest - Harsh conditions spurred uprisings like the peasant revolts of the 17th century partly triggered by famine.
• Advances in ice skating and winter sports - Canals and rivers froze more reliably, allowing the growth of winter sports like ice skating.

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The Little Ice Age caused widespread cooling that supported glacier growth but disrupted agriculture, health, transportation, and social stability in parts of the world. Some societies adapted better than others.

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THE LITTLE ICE AGE’S EFFECT ON ECOSYSTEMS

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The Little Ice Age had several significant impacts on ecosystems around the world:

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• Expanded alpine glaciers and sea ice constrained the habitats of some species while allowing cold-adapted species to thrive.
• Longer, colder winters and a shortened growing season made survival more difficult for some plant and animal species. Some Alpine plant species were driven to lower elevations or extinction.
• Changes in ocean circulation patterns altered fisheries, affecting the distribution and abundance of species like cod and herring.
• Cooler temperatures led to decreases in plant pollination, seed dispersal, and rates of plant growth in some regions.
• Birds and mammals in the Northern Hemisphere underwent adaptations including thicker coats and seasonal camouflage to survive colder winters.
• Forest composition shifted as colder conditions favored spruce, pine, and fir trees over oaks, elms, and chestnuts in many areas.
• Permafrost expanded, altering high-latitude soil conditions and plant communities. Peat buildup increased in bogs.
• Reduced food supply from poor harvests affected wildlife populations and increased winter die-offs. Migration patterns were also disrupted.
• General shifts in biodiversity occurred as species ranges contracted, expanded, or shifted in response to the changing climate conditions.

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Overall, the Little Ice Age significantly disrupted ecosystems that had developed under warmer conditions. Both flora and fauna were stressed and needed to adapt to the abrupt changes in climate across the Northern Hemisphere especially.

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THE LITTLE ICE AGE’S EFFECT ON HUMANITY

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The Little Ice Age had substantial impacts on human civilization around the world. Some of the major effects included:

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• Widespread crop failures and famines due to shortened growing seasons and colder temperatures. This caused malnutrition, starvation, and increasing death rates in many regions.
• Disruptions to trade networks and economic activity due to frozen rivers, harbors, and seas. Transportation of goods was severely hampered.
• Population migrations and social unrest resulted from food shortages, droughts, and poor living conditions during the cold periods.
• Increased prevalence of disease epidemics, including plagues, as malnutrition weakened immune systems. Lower temperatures may have also allowed some pathogens to thrive.
• Advances in cultural practices and technologies like ice skating, frost fairs, winemaking methods, and architectural innovations to cope with the colder climate.
• Accelerated deforestation for fuel and land use changes to compensate for shortened growing seasons and crop losses.
• Geopolitical tensions and conflicts as groups migrated and competed for limited resources. Unrest partly fueled peasant revolts across Europe.
• Loss of life and livelihoods during extreme cold snaps, frosts, and natural disasters affecting settlements.
• Changed settlement and hunting patterns for indigenous cultures, forcing adaptation to scarcer resources during the harsh conditions.

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The Little Ice Age presented severe challenges to the developing human societies of the time and highlighted the drastic impacts rapid climate changes could have on civilization. Adapting agriculture, trade, technology, and cultural practices proved essential.

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WHAT IS CLOUD SEEDING?

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“Cloud seeding is a weather modification technique that improves a cloud’s ability to produce rain or snow by introducing tiny ice nuclei into certain types of subfreezing clouds. These nuclei provide a base for snowflakes to form. After cloud seeding takes place, the newly formed snowflakes quickly grow and fall from the clouds back to the surface of the Earth, increasing snowpack and streamflow.”

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DANGERS OF CLOUD SEEDING

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There are some potential risks and concerns around intentional cloud seeding that should be considered:

• Overseeding could potentially induce unintended flooding or other severe weather effects downwind. Careful cloud monitoring is required.
• Failing crops
• Then, there is the scary possibility of contamination, a significant unknown in the cloud seeding process. Mishandling silver iodide and other chemicals could set off a chain reaction of environmental pollution, with consequences echoing across natural ecosystems and posing tangible risks to human health. There have been thousands of claims of diseases streaming from “chemtrails” and “air-chemical pollutions” associated with cloud seeding.
• Uncertainty around impacts on regional precipitation patterns and water availability beyond the directly seeded areas.
• Environmental risks to ecosystems, water quality, and vegetation if composition or rainfall patterns are altered significantly or if sun rays are blocked.
• Lack of governance frameworks and risk assessment for some programs. International cooperation is advised for large projects.
• Commercialization and privatization of public atmospheric resources that could disproportionately benefit private interests over communities.
• Public skepticism and need for transparency around goals, oversight, results, and funding sources.

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HOW SUSTAINED GLOBAL WARMING MITIGATION EFFORTS CAN CONTRIBUTE TO INITIATING A NEW ICE AGE, THEORETICALLY

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Theoretically, there is a current possibility that sustained global warming mitigation efforts could contribute to initiating conditions for an ice age over the decade or century, but this is highly speculative according to media scientists.

A few reasons why:

• Ice ages are triggered by complex interactions between changes in solar activity, ocean circulation, volcanic eruptions, and greenhouse gases over thousands of years. Human emissions reductions alone would likely not impact these enough.
• Previous ice ages have occurred when CO2 levels were already low. Reducing current high CO2 would still leave levels higher than pre-industrial.
• Some modeling suggests that averting a warmer climate could theoretically disrupt ocean currents like the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation over long timescales. However, the mechanisms are complex and the results are inconclusive.
• Global temperatures are currently increasing, not decreasing. Initiatives are focused on limiting further warming, which makes sudden cooling physics improbable without a major external factor like volcanic activity.
• Some geoengineering concepts could potentially over-cool the planet that has great scale over centuries.

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CONCLUSION

Learning from the lessons of the past can prevent mistakes from happening in the future. So in summary, while not impossible in theory, given the complexity of the climate system, current scientific evidence suggests some current misguided human activities to prevent climate change like geoengineering, carbon capturing, deforestation and cloud seeding can be potentially dangerous and can possibly initiate another “little ice age”.?

Many technologies that are currently being used and initiatives that were implemented in the name of climate change are currently decreasing the integrity of sky, earth, and ocean natural magnetic energy systems.

Based on current environmental conditions, frequent volcanic activities and slowing down of ocean currents are clear indicators that there are problems currently brewing that are synonymous with events that caused the last Little Ice Age.?

Based on the dangers associated with initiatives such as carbon capture technology, misguided geoengineering practices, and cloud seeding along with other actions, it would be wise if humanity reevaluated the risks associated with these technologies with greater consciousness, ethics, governance, and morale.

There are far better alternatives and more sustainable ways that work more in conjunction with nature to mitigate climate catastrophes, cataclysmic events, and disasters that we are aware of.

There needs to be more global investments in developing better nature-based technologies, infrastructure, and systems that create more sustainable environmental conditions, better living conditions, mitigate disasters, and prevent catastrophic events.

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