The law of large numbers, visually demonstrated in?Excel

I know very little about gambling. But these very literal “games of probability” make great examples for teaching statistics.

The law of large numbers states that the average of results obtained from trials becomes closer to the expected value as more trials are performed.

Take, for example, a roulette wheel, where it’s equally likely to spin any number between 0 and 36. The average spin tends toward 18 with more spins performed.

Rather than spinning a roulette wheel hundreds of times, we can use Excel to simulate the results. That’s what I do in the below teaching guide and demo. You are free to use this in your teaching.

Download the exercise file here and follow along with the below assets.

Click through the below image to download the demo guide.

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