Laser in wearable biosensors: Blood Pressure Digest #34

This issue of Blood Pressure Digest starts with an interview with the Scientific Advisor to a developer of wearable lasers to monitor blood pressure. Other technology news mention Apple and Samsung, major players in healthcare wearables. Also, many interesting news on the latest development in research, lifestyle and nutrition. Read the new edition of the Blood Pressure Digest, and do not forget to subscribe.

INTERVIEW

Dr Zahi Fayad: Laser in wearable biosensors to monitor blood pressure

In the near future, one-off blood measurements, at home or at doctor’s, are likely to give way to wearable devices that take readings at regular intervals on the go, or even continuously. Rockley Photonics employs a laser to measure blood pressure, for its wearable device currently in development.? How exactly it works, when we can expect to see lasers on our wrists, and what new opportunities the device is envisaged to provide to hypertension sufferers: Dr Zahi Fayad, Member of Rockley’s scientific advisory board, and the Director of the BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute at Mount Sinai, Professor of Medicine (Cardiology) and Radiology, explained in this interview to me, Blood Pressure Digest Editor:

How are lasers employed to monitor blood pressure continuously? Please try to explain it to an interested patient, not a doctor.

The lasers are used to obtain a waveform that represents blood flow. The Rockley device uses information about changes in the speed of blood flow in the arteries with each contraction of the heart, to understand a person’s blood pressure. This is based on the fluid dynamics relationship between flow and pressure within a tube (our blood vessels).

Tell us about the journey of Rickles Photonics in blood pressure monitoring. The recent reports state that past the two published studies, the company is ready to cooperate with the FDA to shape up proper clinical trials. How far are we from seeing these wearable biosensors on the market?

Rockley’s most recent human studies have shown very promising results when compared to an arterial line and auscultation measurement in healthy and hypertensive subjects. Current wearables on the market that measure blood pressure have failed to meet the IEEE 1708 consensus standard. The Rockley results are promising using an alpha prototype investigational device, and close to meeting that standard.? The Rockley device also shows the ability to track individualized trends in blood pressure, which is important and differentiated from similar wearables on the market such as Aktiia (which failed to obtain FDA clearance). The next step for Rockley is to approach FDA to formally request a Q-sub and discuss next steps for clinical studies needed as Rockley progress in development of the band.

What form, do you think, these devices will take, will the be wrist-based?

The form factor of our Bioptx devices will be a wrist-based wearable band.

What advantages are there to hypertension sufferers in continuous blood pressure monitoring in comparison to measuring blood pressure once in a while, as now?

Measuring blood pressure on a more frequent basis will allow for insights that may help clinicians understand the control a patient may have over their blood pressure. Patients that are newly diagnosed, have undergone a medical or pharmaceutical intervention, are incorporating new lifestyle habits (e.g. DASH diet), have white coat or masked hypertension, or experience symptoms, would all benefit from having access to frequent measurement of blood pressure. A familiar form factor that can go with the patient anywhere and is connected to an application can increase compliance of measurement, one that is easy to use and has accessible data that can communicate to the clinician when needed, are all advantages for case management and trend tracking.

RESEARCH

New Method May Help Predict Blood Pressure Variability

A study published in Cardiab suggests that a novel method involving the analysis of heart rate variability may help predict blood pressure variability. Researchers found that individuals with higher heart rate variability had lower blood pressure variability, indicating a potential link between the two. The study analyzed data from over 3,000 participants and used advanced statistical techniques to identify this association. Understanding blood pressure variability is crucial as it has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events. This new method may provide valuable insights into predicting blood pressure fluctuations, aiding in the development of personalized treatment plans for individuals at risk.

Genetic Link Found Between High Blood Pressure and Poorer Memory

According to a study published in JAMA Cardiology , researchers have discovered a genetic link between high blood pressure and poorer memory, Medical Express reports. The study, which involved analyzing genetic data from over 300,000 individuals, found that those with a genetic predisposition to high blood pressure were more likely to experience cognitive decline, specifically in memory function. The researchers suggest that high blood pressure may contribute to brain health issues by damaging blood vessels and reducing blood flow to the brain. These findings highlight the importance of managing blood pressure to not only protect heart health but also preserve cognitive function.?

High Blood Pressure May Increase Risk of Dementia, Yet Another Study Finds

According to a study published in the Atherosclerosis Journal, individuals with high blood pressure may have an increased risk of developing dementia, Science Daily reports.? The study followed over 4,800 participants for an average of 24 years and found that those with high blood pressure in midlife were more likely to develop dementia later in life. The researchers suggest that managing blood pressure levels throughout life may help reduce the risk of dementia. While the study did not establish a cause-and-effect relationship, it adds to the growing body of evidence linking high blood pressure to cognitive decline. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms behind this association.

Dr. Richard Hodes, Director of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) , said, "These findings underscore the importance of maintaining healthy blood pressure levels throughout life to protect brain health in later years."

Blood Pressure Found to Be Linked to A Bacteria in Our Gut

According to a report in Free Republic, a recent study has uncovered a surprising connection between blood pressure and the bacteria in our gut. The study found that certain types of gut bacteria may play a role in regulating blood pressure levels. The researchers analyzed the gut microbiomes of over 600 participants and discovered that individuals with higher blood pressure had a different composition of gut bacteria compared to those with normal blood pressure. The findings suggest that manipulating the gut microbiome could potentially be a new avenue for managing and treating high blood pressure.

TREATMENT

Personalized Hypertension Care in Pregnancy: Beyond Evidence-Based Thresholds

According to a post on KevinMD, personalized care for hypertension during pregnancy can go beyond evidence-based thresholds. The article discusses the challenges of managing blood pressure in pregnant women and highlights the importance of tailoring treatment based on individual needs. The author emphasizes that using a single threshold for all pregnant women may lead to missed opportunities for intervention and potential harm. The article suggests a personalized approach that considers various factors such as maternal age, medical history, and lifestyle. By individualizing care, healthcare providers can optimize blood pressure management and improve outcomes for both the mother and the baby.

Renal Denervation Heads for Advisory Review as FDA Sets Out Key Questions

The US Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) is set to review the use of renal denervation as a treatment for high blood pressure. Renal denervation involves using radiofrequency energy to disrupt the nerves in the kidneys that regulate blood pressure. The FDA has identified several key questions that need to be answered before the therapy can be approved, including the effectiveness of the procedure and the safety of the devices used. The review will consider data from clinical trials and real-world use of the therapy. If approved, renal denervation could provide a new treatment option for patients with resistant hypertension.?

MEDICATIONS

Candesartan Passes Quality and Efficacy Consistency Evaluation

China Pharma Holdings, Inc., a specialty pharmaceutical company in China, announced that its generic hypertension drug, Candesartan, has successfully passed the Quality and Efficacy Consistency Evaluation of Generic Drugs, according to the company’s announcement.? The evaluation was carried out by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) of China. Candesartan is a commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of high blood pressure. This evaluation ensures that the generic version of the drug is equivalent in quality, efficacy, and safety to the original brand-name product. It demonstrates China Pharma's commitment to providing affordable and accessible hypertension treatment options for patients in China. With high blood pressure being a significant health concern globally, the availability of quality generic medications is crucial in managing this condition effectively.

Mixed Ruling on Pulmonary Hypertension Drug Patent Affirmed by CAFC

According to the report by IPWatchdog, Inc , the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (CAFC) has affirmed a mixed ruling on a patent for a drug used to treat pulmonary hypertension. The patent was challenged by a generic drug manufacturer, arguing that the patent claims were obvious and lacked enablement. The CAFC agreed with the district court's ruling that some of the patent claims were invalid, but disagreed with the finding of obviousness for other claims. The court also noted that the drug's safety and efficacy had been approved by the FDA . This ruling has implications for the pharmaceutical industry and patent law, as it highlights the complex nature of patent disputes and the importance of demonstrating innovation and enablement in drug patents.

Medications for Cronic Conditions Can Impair Thermo Regulation in Hot Weather

According to a study published in the journal Hypertension, certain medications used to treat chronic diseases may impair the body's ability to regulate temperature, particularly in hot weather, News Medical reports. Researchers found that drugs such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics can interfere with the body's ability to sweat and cool down. This can lead to an increased risk of heat-related illnesses, such as heat stroke, in individuals taking these medications. The study highlights the importance of healthcare providers considering the potential effects of these medications on thermoregulation, particularly during hot weather conditions. Patients are advised to consult with their healthcare providers about the potential risks and appropriate strategies to prevent heat-related complications.?

INDUSTRY

Apple Watch X with Blood Pressure Monitor Looks Like a Big Winner: Analysts

According to the analysis published by MacDailyNews, the highly anticipated Apple Watch X is rumored to include a blood pressure monitor, which could make it a game-changer in the wearable tech market. The ability to track blood pressure in real-time would provide valuable health insights to users, particularly those with hypertension or at risk of developing high blood pressure. According to another analysis by XDA Developers , the new feature will use advanced sensors to measure blood pressure directly from the user's wrist, providing a convenient and non-invasive way to track this vital health parameter. This development could be a game-changer for individuals managing hypertension or other blood pressure-related conditions, as it would allow for continuous monitoring and early detection of any abnormalities.

Samsung Health Adds ECG and Blood Pressure Monitoring

Samsung Healthcare , the popular health and fitness app, has introduced two new features: electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure monitoring. This update allows users to measure their heart's electrical activity and track their blood pressure levels conveniently using their Samsung devices. The ECG feature records the electrical signals from the heart, helping to detect irregularities such as atrial fibrillation. Meanwhile, the blood pressure monitoring feature provides users with real-time measurements and trends, enabling them to monitor their blood pressure and make informed decisions about their health. With these additions, Samsung Health aims to empower users to take control of their cardiovascular health and make proactive choices.?

According to a report in SamMobile , the new features are currently available in South Korea, and Samsung plans to expand their availability to other countries in the near future.

INNOVATION

Edwards' Software Helps Control Blood Pressure During Surgery

According to the report by MedTech Dive , medical device manufacturer Edwards Lifesciences has developed software that helps surgeons maintain optimal blood pressure during surgery. The software, called Acumen Hypotension Prediction Index (HPI), analyzes patient data in real-time to predict drops in blood pressure before they occur. By alerting the surgical team to potential hypotension, the software allows them to take preventive measures to stabilize blood pressure and reduce the risk of complications. The software has been tested in a clinical trial involving over 2,500 patients and has shown promising results in improving patient outcomes. Edwards plans to make the software available in the United States and Europe later this year.

Dr. Amit Paik, an anesthesiologist at Brigham and Women's Hospital , said, "The Acumen HPI software has the potential to be a game-changer in optimizing patient care during surgery."

LIFESTYLE

Signs and Symptoms of Low Blood Pressure Should Not Be Ignored

Low blood pressure, also known as hypotension, can cause a range of signs and symptoms that should not be ignored. According to Daily Infographic , some common signs of low blood pressure include dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, blurred vision, fatigue, nausea, and rapid breathing. These symptoms can occur when there is not enough blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. It is important to monitor your blood pressure regularly, especially if you experience any of these symptoms. If you have concerns about your blood pressure, consult with a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.

AARP: Stay Informed and Proactive to Manage Blood Pressure

According to AARP, maintaining a healthy heart and managing blood pressure are crucial for overall well-being. They provide a list of questions to ask your doctor to better understand your heart health and ways to keep it in check. AARP suggests keeping track of your blood pressure readings, knowing your family history of heart disease, and discussing lifestyle changes that can help lower blood pressure. It is important to understand the risks associated with high blood pressure, such as heart attacks and strokes, and take proactive steps to keep it under control. By staying informed and proactive, individuals can work towards better heart health.

Blood Pressure May Be Linked to Sleep Duration and Quality

According to a study published in BMJ Open, there may be a significant association between sleep duration and quality with blood pressure levels. The research analyzed data from over 4,500 individuals and found that both short and long sleep duration were linked to higher blood pressure. Additionally, poor sleep quality, including difficulties falling asleep and frequent waking during the night, was also associated with elevated blood pressure. These findings suggest that maintaining adequate sleep duration and quality could be crucial for blood pressure management and overall cardiovascular health. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms behind this relationship and to explore potential interventions to improve sleep patterns and reduce blood pressure.

10 Daily Exercises to Help High Blood Pressure

According to the update in Daily Infographic , incorporating regular exercise into your routine can help manage high blood pressure. The article suggests ten exercises that can be done daily to help lower blood pressure levels. These exercises include brisk walking, cycling, swimming, jogging, and strength training. The infographic also provides information on the recommended duration and intensity of each exercise. By engaging in these activities, individuals can improve cardiovascular health, promote blood flow, and reduce the risk of high blood pressure-related complications.

NUTRITION

Dizziness After Eating: Could it be Related to Blood Pressure??

Feeling dizzy after a meal can be a perplexing and uncomfortable experience. According to a recent article by Harvard Health Publishing , postprandial hypotension, a drop in blood pressure after eating, may be the culprit. This condition is more common in older adults and those with high blood pressure or certain medical conditions. The article explains that when we eat, blood is diverted to the digestive system, causing a temporary decrease in blood pressure. For some individuals, this drop can be significant enough to cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or even fainting. The article suggests eating smaller, more frequent meals, avoiding high-carbohydrate or high-sugar foods, and staying hydrated as potential strategies to manage postprandial hypotension. If you experience persistent or severe symptoms, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional.?

Dr. Howard LeWine , Chief Medical Editor at Harvard Health Publishing , advises: "If you experience dizziness after eating, it's important to talk to your doctor to determine the underlying cause and develop a plan to manage your symptoms."

19 Foods That Lower Blood Pressure

A new article on Activist Post highlights 19 foods that have been proven to lower blood pressure. The list includes familiar favorites such as leafy greens, berries, and fatty fish, as well as some surprising options like beets and dark chocolate. The article explains that these foods contain key nutrients, such as potassium, magnesium, and antioxidants, which have been shown to have a positive impact on blood pressure levels. By incorporating these foods into a balanced diet, individuals may be able to naturally lower their blood pressure and reduce their risk of hypertension. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional before making any significant dietary changes.