Knowledge and application of aluminum

Knowledge?and?application?of?aluminum

Ⅰ. the basic properties of aluminum

Silver white, in the humid air can form a layer of metal corrosion oxide film, relative density 2.7g/cm3, melting point 660 °C, boiling point 2327 °C, high specific strength, good electrical and thermal conductivity, high reflectivity and oxidation resistance.

Ⅱ. Types

Profiles: aluminum profiles, aluminum tubes, aluminum bars, etc

Plate: aluminum plate, aluminum foil, aluminum strip (coil)

Casting: aluminum castings, aluminum grains

Ⅲ. Commonly used brands

The first digit of the grade indicates the aluminum alloy series, the second digit indicates the modification of the original aluminum alloy, and the last two digits indicate the purity of the aluminum alloy in the same group.

1100: Used for machining parts that require good formability and high corrosion resistance, but do not require high strength. For example, storage containers, sheet processing parts, deep-drawn concave vessels, heat exchangers, printing plates, nameplates, reflective appliances, etc.

2011: Fast-cutting alloy, good machinability, high strength, but poor corrosion resistance, suitable for volume shafts, optical components, screw heads, screws and machining products requiring good cutting performance.

3003: It has the performance of 1xxx series alloys and has higher strength than 1xxxx series alloys, such as kitchenware, food and chemical product handling and storage devices, tanks and tanks for transporting liquid products, and various pressure vessels and pipelines for sheet processing.

4A01: High silicon content, heat resistance, wear resistance, construction materials, mechanical parts, forging materials, welding materials.

5052: The most representative alloy of medium strength (5083 is the highest), corrosion resistance, weldability and formability are good, especially high fatigue strength, good seawater resistance, used in the manufacture of aircraft fuel tanks, oil pipes, as well as sheet metal parts of transportation vehicles and ships, instruments, street lamp brackets and rivets, hardware products, etc.

6061: Heat-treated corrosion-resistant alloys. Treatment with T6 has very high endurance values, but the strength of the fusion interface is low, so it is suitable for screws, ships, vehicles, and onshore structures.

6N01: Medium strength extrusion alloy, can be used as complex shape of large thin meat profile, corrosion resistance, weldability are good. Suitable for vehicles, onshore structures, ships.

6063: Representative alloy for extrusion, lower strength than 6061, good extrusion, can be used as complex cross-sectional shape profiles, corrosion resistance and surface treatment are good, suitable for building highway guardrails, vehicles, furniture, home appliances, decorations.

7072: Low electrode potential, mainly used for corrosion resistance covering leather, also suitable for heat exchanger heat sink, air conditioner aluminum foil and extra thin strip.

7075: One of the highest strength alloys in aluminum alloys, but the corrosion resistance is not good, and the cover leather of 7072 can improve its corrosion resistance, but the cost increases. Suitable for aircraft, ski poles thick plate forged products.

Material selection examples:

? The product requirements are relatively hard, the surface treatment is coarse wire drawing or coarse sand surface, choose to use 5000 series aluminum alloy, commonly used: 5052

? The surface treatment of the product has high requirements, there can be no sand holes, profile traces, choose to use 6000 series aluminum alloy, commonly used: 6063/6061

? The product requires cheap price, needs to stretch the shape review, choose to use 2000 series pure aluminum, commonly used: 2011

? The product has high strength, high hardness, and needs to be used for bearing structure, choose 7000 series aluminum alloy, commonly used: 7075

Ⅳ. the surface treatment of aluminum materials

(Extended reading: Introduction to aluminum surface treatment technology)

1. Anodizing after sandblasting or wire drawing

2. Electrophoretic painting

3. After polishing, powder electrostatic spraying, fluorocarbon spraying

4. Electroplating after polishing the mirror

5. Wood grain heat transfer

6. Polymer PVC coating

Ⅴ. Aluminum profiles

Aluminum profile is an aluminum tube material with different cross-sectional shapes obtained by hot melting, extrusion, and aluminum rod. The forming process mainly includes melting, extrusion, cutting, CNC washing, surface pretreatment, coloring, 5 processes.

Titanium plating and electrophoresis are the most expensive, followed by wood grain thermal transfer, anodizing, and finally spraying. The specific price is subject to the manufacturer's quotation.

The main applications of aluminum profiles are as follows:

1. Building aluminum profiles (doors, windows, curtain walls)

2. Radiator aluminum profile

3. General industrial aluminum profiles: mainly used in industrial manufacturing, such as automated machinery and equipment, skeleton, etc., can be customized by molding.

4. Rail vehicle structure aluminum alloy profile: mainly used in rail vehicle body manufacturing.

5. Decorate aluminum profiles, make aluminum alloy face frames, and frame various decorative paintings.

6.Appearance aluminum profile, mainly used in home appliances or communication industries, such as mobile hard disks, mobile power, TVs, monitors and other internal structure and appearance decoration.

Ⅵ. Aluminum plate

Sheet (aluminumsheet) 0.15-2.0mm

Conventional plate (aluminum sheet) 2.0-6.0mm

Aluminum plate 6.0-25.0mm

Aluminum plate 25-200mm

Ultra-thick plate 200mm or more

Single-layer aluminum plate

It can be used for electronic product shells, home appliance shells or internal thermal conductive parts.

The finished aluminum shell is completed by metal stamping mold stretch forming, surface pretreatment, coloring, and 3 processes.

Polymer thin film aluminum plate

The forming slope has requirements, it is not easy to stretch, the material is not suitable for corrosion, super weather resistance, color variety, easy maintenance, etc.

Suitable for electronic product shell, home appliance shell, etc

Aluminum-plastic composite panel

It is a new type of material that has been surface treated and coated with aluminum plate as the surface, polyethylene, polypropylene plastic mixed as the core layer, and processed and composite by a series of processes.

It can be applied to the decoration of curtain walls, interior and exterior walls, entrance halls, restaurants, shops, conference rooms, etc., and can also be used for the reconstruction of old buildings, as a counter, the surface layer of furniture, and the interior and exterior walls of vehicles.

Honeycomb aluminum plate

It adopts a composite honeycomb structure, which is composed of a preformed box-like panel and backplate and an aluminum alloy honeycomb core material.

It is suitable for building curtain wall decoration, ceiling ceiling, bus, train, subway and rail transit vehicles, commercial transport vehicles and container car bodies, ship buildings, billboards, interior decoration projects.

The use of aluminum parts as the product decorative shell, with a high tensile surface, the material is generally 0.4-0.8mm thickness, grade 6063/6061 or pure aluminum.

Use aluminum parts as functional shell, with bottom stretching, bending structure, the material generally adopts 0.8-1.2 thickness, choose a harder grade 5052/7075, or special grade.

With aluminum parts made on the shell of electronic products, the radium carving oxide layer is required to be conductive and grounded, because the oxide layer is not conductive after anodizing.

Ⅶ. Aluminum alloy die-casting

Aluminum alloy die-casting parts in the structural design as little as possible to design the structure of the sloped roof, to prevent the subsequent removal of the edge is very difficult.

Aluminum alloy die castings also need to pay attention to the average glue thickness and smooth glue flow when designing the structure, which can reduce a lot of problems such as poor appearance due to molding and subsequent polishing review.

If you choose a relatively soft grade, then when designing a load-bearing structure, you still need to consider the structural strength, otherwise it is easy to break.

That's all, there are more knowledge or problems encountered in the design, welcome to leave a message to exchange.

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