Know your horse's base vitals and normal behaviour

Medical issues are normally first detected through changes in a horses behaviour which prompts a physical examination and then either results in a call out for the Vet or some form of prescribed treatment and care. However, if there is no standard for what is 'normal behaviour' for the horse then important behavioural changes may go undetected and your horse could end up suffering a great deal if they are in fact ill or in pain. Early detection of illness saves lives, and if that isn't possible you at least have a chance at reducing the horse's discomfort and pain by detecting issues early on.

Know how to perform a physical exam of your horse and ensure that you check them thoroughly at least once a day for cuts, bumps, bites or any abnormal abrasions. A full body sweep with your hands is the best way to check your horse from nose to tail.

Check the feet - you're looking for signs of heat, swelling, cuts or abnormal abrasions, and any stones or objects lodged in the hooves.

Check under the tail for insects, ticks, abnormal discharge, signs of rubbing, and check the genital area for abnormal discharge or smells.

Lastly check the head - eyes, ears, nose and mouth - check for abnormal discharge, smells, obstructions, abrasions or cuts, insects or objects that may have gotten stuck. You can also feel along the jaw for swelling or lumps.

This quick physical exam shouldn't take you longer than 10 minutes, doesn't require a second pair of hands provided that your horse has been accustomed to standing still and being handled in all areas of the body, and can be performed absolutely anywhere - field, stable or showground.

Trust in your gut - if the physical exam shows up clear but your horse's behaviour is abnormal and indicates a depressed or disinterested state, then check vitals - temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, capillary refill, mucous membrane colour - and monitor your horse's food and water intake. If you're still unsure call your Vet, your animal's life is precious, use any means that you can to keep it safe.