Key Themes for 2023

In this issue of Spear Insights we provide our key assumptions and outlook for 2023. We are relatively more optimistic than most as we believe that we are already in the mid-late innings of this downturn. We believe that stabilizing interest rates will provide a base for valuations and expect a recovery in the end-markets that were first to go into the downturn.?

2023 Outlook?

Key assumptions:

• Reshoring trends to provide support for the industrial economy
• 10Y to settle between 3.5% and 4.5%?
• China and Europe to stabilize and show signs of recovery?
• Inflation to remain persistent, but not rampant??

What we like?

• Industrial technology could drive the next tech wave?
• Semis and retail among fist to come out; trucking data turning positive??
• Commodities to benefit from China re-opening?

What we are avoiding?

• Autos: expect a tough year for electric vehicles (EVs)

Investment themes for 2023???

Downturns are caused by shocks to the market and there were two significant shocks that occurred in the first half of 2022. High inflation squeezed consumers' budgets, which was followed by an aggressive Fed tightening that slowed the economy. The worry shifted from inflation to recession as we progressed though the year.?

From fundamental standpoint, the areas that experienced slowdown first were sectors with high inventories e.g., semis, commodities, consumer discretionary. These sectors are usually the first ones to go into a downturn and are first to come out. As we progressed through the year, the weakness broadened to all sub-sectors and caused enterprises to pause spending and reduce their workforce.?

Technology was the sector that was hardest hit with 1. interest rates impacting valuations in the first half of the year and 2. earnings re-set in the second half. Interestingly, this sell-off coincided with what we believe is a new tech wave, i.e. technology transforming most traditional industries, making it an exciting time to acquire the next technology winners at what we believe are attractive prices.?

The next wave?

The prior tech cycle was driven by consumer technologies. The internet grew from less than 200 websites in the 90s to 2 billion today. Search engines, social media, and streaming were the key areas of innovation. We expect that industrial/B2B tech will drive the next cycle, with technology transforming many traditional industries e.g., retail, logistics, automotive, food & beverage, life sciences, healthcare, energy, commodities etc.?

Artificial Intelligence (AI), in our view, will be the most important theme over the next 10 years. The outsized winners, however, may not be the obvious companies that build AI solutions, but those that make AI possible (both hardware and software). Beware of value traps.?

We expect that AI will play a key role in robotics and automation and will overcome many of the limitations that those fields are facing today. Per a recent McKinsey report and survey, automation is expected to account for 25% of industrial companies' capital spending over the next five years, significantly higher compared to the previous 5 years. But many are facing challenges with implementation. For more details see:?Unlocking the industrial potential of robotics and automation.

It is worth highlighting that effective usage of AI will require different solutions for cloud storage and compute. AI/ML processes often require real time querying with fast response times and are based on large amounts of data that needs to be stored efficiently (otherwise they become cost prohibitive). Some of these solutions are just getting introduced, which broadens the potential use cases for AI. Cloud cybersecurity adoption is also in the early innings of adoption with only 1 in 5 companies regularly assessing their overall cloud security posture, per Crowdstrike, a leading cybersecurity platform.?

While cloud spending is going through a period of consolidation as enterprises are cutting their budgets, many investors are now wondering if cloud spending has matured. We could not disagree more and see this as an area to continue to add exposure to, even if these stocks continue to struggle in 1Q23.?

First out of the downturn: retail, semis,?commodities

Expect that the areas that went first into this downturn will be the first to come out.

Consumer spending was hard hit in 1H22, but is stabilizing as consumers are adjusting to the new interest rate reality. While we expect big ticket items that require financing to remain challenged as long as interest rates remain high, some areas of retail have started to recover.

We have recently noted several positive datapoints such as stronger than expected January trucking contract volumes (per FreightWaves Sonar), which followed our last month's channel checks that implied improving shipper sentiment.?

Commodities were another hard hit sector in May/June of last year and we believe are now poised to recover. While demand has been under pressure, sentiment has been even worse resulting in meaningful inventory drawdowns. Consequently even small improvement in demand (e.g., China recovery) could support a recovery.?

Lastly, semiconductors faced enormous inventory challenges in addition to slowing demand in the first half of last year. While we are not seeing demand pick up just yet, inventories are normalizing. China re-opening could drive significant upside to demand. In semis, we are particularly focused on capitalizing on the multi-year AI trend, and would highlight Nvidia as a leader in AI processors.?

Avoiding autos, specifically EVs??

While we have been cautious on autos for the most part of 2022, we now believe that electric vehicles (EVs), specifically, could face a very challenging year.?

Analysts are projecting 40%+ growth for EVs in the US this year which will be very difficult to achieve in an environment where there is a glut of used cars in addition to slowing demand. Moreover, both Toyota and GM recently made comments implying that consumer preferences are not shifting to EVs at the rate previously assumed.?

Increased competition in China caused Tesla to meaningfully drop pricing, and we expect price declines to follow in the US and Europe. Declining pricing in addition to disappointing volumes could be detrimental to profits for a company like Tesla, and could result in bankruptcies for new-entrants and legacy players that overspent on capex.?

While the long term EV trend remains intact, there may be several difficult years for EV manufacturers ahead. Consequently, we are avoiding EV OEMs until estimates get re-set lower.

We believe a more attractive way to get exposure to the electrification theme is through investing in the underlying commodities required for electrification. Out of the commodities produced at scale, supply/demand for copper looks particularly favorable.?

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