It's time for a New Revolution!
Parikshit Sampat Sai
Farmer | Innovator | Social Entrepreneur | Technology Enthusiast | Content Creator
Whenever things are exhausted, social, economic, and political instability spreads the roots, and when communities face hard times on livelihood and are not able to find any other alternatives for survival, something started from the bottom. Something that changes the whole scenario of the ecosystem, something that changes the social structure of human livelihood, something that gives hope to the underprivileged, something that establishes a strong foundation for future generations and opens new opportunities for development is called revolution.
From time to time there were so many revolutions happened that some of them impacted limited areas and some of them impacted a very large scale of the global social and economic ecosystem.?
Great revolutions of the modern world:
Let's have a look at the main economic revolutions where we tried to build a strong economy and sustain livelihood.?
First Industrial Revolution (1765): Used water and steam power to mechanize production. During this period, the discovery of coal and its mass extraction, as well as the development of the steam engine and metal forging completely changed the way goods were produced and exchanged. Inventions such as spinning machines and looms to make fabric were making their appearance. Canal transportation began replacing wagons and mules for moving around these goods.
Second Industrial Revolution (1870): Used electric power to create mass production. The invention of the combustion engine went hand-in-hand with these fuel sources. Both steel- and chemically-based products entered the market during this time. Developments in communication technology got a jump start with the telegraph and later the telephone. Transportation grew by leaps and bounds with the invention of the plane and the car. Mechanical production grew in speed through the advent of mass production.
Third Industrial Revolution (1969): Used electronics and information technology to automate production. Nuclear energy and Electronics enter the landscape. Nuclear power began in Europe, grew in both Great Britain and the United States, went into remission for years, and grew in Asia.
Fourth Industrial Revolution (2000): Internet and Renewable Energy. A shift to renewable energy such as solar, wind, and geothermal. However, the momentum comes not from the shift in energy but from the acceleration of digital technology. The internet and the digital world mean a real-time connection within more and more components of a production line, both inside and outside facility walls. As the development of the Industrial Internet of Things, cloud technology, and artificial intelligence continues, a virtual world will merge with the physical world. Predictive maintenance and real-time data will lead to smarter business decisions for a myriad of companies around the world.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is the current and developing environment in which disruptive technologies and trends such as the Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, virtual reality (VR), and artificial intelligence (AI) are changing the way modern people live and work. Industry 4.0, conceptualizes rapid change to technology, industries, and societal patterns and processes in the 21st century due to increasing interconnectivity and smart automation.
The Fifth Industrial Revolution (2020) encompasses the notion of harmonious human-machine collaborations, with a specific focus on the well-being of multiple stakeholders (i.e., society, companies, employees, and customers).?Industry 5.0 seeks to foster a more balanced working relationship between increasingly smart technologies and humans.
The Industrial Revolution?shifted from an agrarian economy to a manufacturing economy where products were no longer made solely by hand but by machines. This led to increased production and efficiency, lower prices, more goods, improved wages, and migration from rural areas to urban areas. The core aims at promoting sustainable livelihood, enabling the poor to come out of poverty by generating self-employment.?
The main characteristics of the Agricultural Revolution include Norfolk's four-course crop rotation (increased crop yields), selective breeding (increased livestock yields), more productive use of arable land (improving soil fertility), and the expansion of infrastructure.
Let's have a quick look at the main Agricultural Revolutions in India:
Green Revolution 1966-1967 (M.S.S.Swaminathan, Norman Borlaug, William Goud): The early 1960s was the phase of the Green revolution in India. It led to an increase in higher-yielding varieties of seeds due to improved agronomic technology. It allowed the then-developing country, India, to overcome poor agricultural productivity. The green revolution in India refers to a period when Indian Agriculture was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technology such as the use of High Yield Variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, irrigation facilities, pesticides, and fertilizers.
Evergreen revolution 2017-2022: M.S.Swaminathan is known as the father of the green revolution who developed a high-yielding variety of rice and wheat crops. He developed and promoted this sustainable development called green development. Foodgrains are the products yielded by the green revolution. This revolution led to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh.
Grey Revolution 1960-1970: Among the various important agricultural revolutions of India, the Grey Revolution is related to the production of wool as well as the increase and growth in the use of fertilizers. This revolution was initiated in succession to the green revolution. It was started to correct the wrongs done in the green revolution.
Pink Revolution 1970 (Durgesh Patel): The modernization of the meat, prawn, onion, and poultry processing sector includes the creation of meat testing facilities, cold storage for growth, and other infrastructure facilities.
Red Revolution 1980 (Vishal Tiwari): The agricultural reform that led to the boost in the production of tomatoes and meat in India. Vishal Tewari is regarded as the father of the Red Revolution in the country. This major boost in the farming and poultry sector took place in the 1980s.
White Revolution 1970-1996 (Verghese Kurien): Dr. Kurien?started the 'Operation Flood Programme', which ushered the 'White Revolution in India. Dr. Kurien did not pay heed to the opposition that buffalo milk cannot be processed but made all efforts to standardize the technology for the processing of buffalo milk getting it much-deserved international recognition.
Yellow Revolution 1986-1990 (Sam Pitroda): Oilseed Production (Especially Mustard and Sunflower) India became a net exporter of oilseeds from being a net importer. During the 1990s an all-time high of 25 million tonnes of oilseeds was produced from yearly oilseed harvests.
Protein revolution 2014-2020 (Narendra Modi and Arun Jaitley): Set up a price stabilization fund with a corpus of Rs. 500 crores to help farmers to deal with volatility. Kisan TV was also launched to provide real-time information on new techniques, water conservation, and organic farming.
Round Revolution: The Round revolution aimed to?improve the production of potatoes?which is necessary as potato is the staple food and is consumed by everyone equally.
Rainbow Revolution: The rainbow revolution was launched by the Indian government in the year 2000. This was?the country's first agricultural strategy. It integrates the effects of all previous agricultural and animal husbandry revolutions. This revolution seeks to promote resource development and environmental sustainability.
Brown Revolution (Hiralal Chaudhuri): This revolution?focuses on meeting the demand for coffee from developed nations by growing socially responsible and environment-friendly coffee. The Brown Revolution is related to Visakhapatnam's tribal areas.
Blue Revolution 1973-2002 (Hiralal Chaudhuri, Dr. Arun Krishnan): The Blue Revolution, with its multi-dimensional activities,?focuses mainly on increasing fisheries production and productivity from aquaculture and fisheries resources, both inland and marine. Blue Revolution also called Neel or Nili Kranti Mission in India was launched in 1985-1990 during the 7th Five-Year Plan. The main objective is?to develop, manage, and promote fisheries to double the farmers' income.?
Purple Revolution:?It aims to promote the indigenous aromatic crop-based agro-economy by shifting from foreign aromatics to homegrown kinds. First-time producers were offered free lavender seedlings as part of the goal,?
Silver revolution 2000 (Indira Gandhi): A process of the spectacular increase in the production of eggs as well as poultry production. Indira Gandhi was the leading initiative for this revolution. This process was achieved by using hybrid cocks as well as hens and applying applied science to promote egg production. The increased production of eggs was made possible due to medical science and more protein-rich food for the hens.?
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Silver Fiber Revolution 2000: Silver fiber revolution in India is associated with Cotton. Cotton is mainly found in Gujarat in India. The improvising process and adoption of modern techniques help the growth of cotton in India. India has been the richest producer of cotton after the silver fiber revolution.
Golden Revolution 1991-2003 (Nirpakh Tutej): The period between 1991 to 2003?is known as the period of the Golden Revolution in India. The Golden revolution is related to the production of honey and horticulture. It is a part of the important agricultural revolutions of India.
Golden Fiber Revolution 1990:?Golden Fiber Revolution in India is related to jute production.?During the industrial revolution, jute started being used as a raw material in the fabric industry and until today, processed jute is used for making strong threads and jute products.
Black Revolution: Crude oil production The Indian government intended to increase petroleum output by blending ethanol with petrol to create biodiesel. This resulted in a significant increase in petroleum output in India.
We are the largest democracy on this planet earth. The world witnessed many political and societal civil wars. We fought for our independence. We are one of the biggest economies based on agriculture and we are still fighting for sustainable livelihood. It means there is something left behind, something that is still not recognized. We know what is the problem and we are trying, again and again, to solve it but still have not achieved it.
When any problem arises which affects the human livelihood someone does extraordinary work, innovates, and makes sure to erase that problem. And, when the person or team doing their best hardly someone recognizes them but no one can distract them. They write history in an anonymous way.
The most interesting part is, they don’t care about fame or credit, they work to strengthen the communities and sustain the human race without any personal expectations. They just give their best and their dedication, discipline, and courage convert into golden words of history.
No matter if they did not belong to a rich community or they were not born with a silver spoon but they are strong people and make big decisions. They think out of the box and work hard.?
The agriculture sector of India had the highest number of employees which amounted to nearly 152 million in the financial year 2021 and increasing every year. In spite of the coronavirus pandemic’s negative impact on the country’s GDP, this was the only sector that saw an increase in its employment trend.
Women are extensively engaged in activities pertaining to agriculture and the allied sector. The workforce participation rate for rural females is significantly higher at 41.8 percent than for urban women participation rate at 35.31 percent (MoSPI, 2017). Acknowledging and mainstreaming rural women via ensured access to resources, technology, education, health facilities, ownership rights, and skill development will improve agriculture productivity and help in building an empowered nation.
Rural women are torchbearers for social, economic, and environmental transformation. Empowering and mainstreaming rural women's workforce in agriculture can bring a paradigm shift toward economic growth. It will enhance food and nutrition security and alleviate poverty and hunger. It’s a win-win strategy for achieving Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.
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