Introduction to FTTP

Because optical fiber communication has the advantages of large capacity, long distance and anti electromagnetic interference, it can meet the needs of the development of power communication. In particular, the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire (OPGW), which combines the high mechanical properties, high conductivity and good corrosion resistance of aluminum clad steel wire, effectively combines the power overhead ground wire with the communication optical fiber. Therefore, it has been paid attention to by the power system industry and is gradually promoted.

There are many kinds of fiber-optic home entry architectures, of which there are mainly two kinds: one is the point-to-point topology, which uses an optical fiber from the central office to each user; The other is passive optical network (PON) using point to multipoint topology. The point to multipoint scheme can greatly reduce the number of optical transceivers and fiber consumption, and reduce the rack space required by the central office. It has cost advantages and has become the mainstream.

There are mainly two kinds of equipment used for optical fiber access, one is the office end equipment deployed in the computer room of the telecom operator, which is called optical line terminal (OLT), and the other is the equipment close to the user end, which is called optical network unit (ONU). From the current development situation, the entry of optical fiber into the home also involves many industries and categories, such as indoor optical fiber, engineering and applications, which is of strategic significance to the entire telecommunications industry and even the information industry.

In the field of optical fiber access, the focus of debate in the industry is the two technical solutions of passive optical network: GPON and EPON. In short, the former has stronger business support ability and higher transmission efficiency, which is suitable for the deployment of high-end commercial customers and residential customers in the era of full-service operation, but the cost is relatively high. EPON is mainly aimed at data transmission, and its core advantage is the relatively low cost. Both technologies have been commercially available in different application environments, and each has its own advantages. It is noteworthy that both EPON and GPON are moving towards the era of 10G. In the short term, 10g EPON has advantages over 10g GPON, which is mainly due to the cost. Moreover, many operators believe that the bandwidth will be sufficient in the next few years. Therefore, the era of mixing two pons should also exist for some time. In fact, in the process of network construction and networking, the construction mode of GPON and EPON is not much different, but different technology choices of operators. GPON's service provision capability is basically the same as EPON's. There is no service access that GPON can do but EPON can't. In the future, in the 10g era, the two technologies are likely to converge, that is, the same hardware platform supports both 10g EPON and 10g GPON. Equipment manufacturers have begun to play down the difference between the two technologies.

In general, in the absence of other epoch-making technologies, fiber-optic home access is the ultimate goal of broadband access to telecommunications networks in the next few years or even decades. It will drive the development of a series of related industries and form a market scale of hundreds of billions or even trillions of yuan. Therefore, optical fiber home access is one of the core technical driving forces for the sustainable development of the telecommunications industry, and it is also an important tool for the telecommunications industry to promote social informatization.

Fiber home access is part of the FTTx program. As the future backbone of the communication transmission system, the anti-interference and anti electromagnetic characteristics of optical fiber meet the needs of human beings in the future for large amount of information and high precision, and the low price makes optical fiber this transmission medium can be widely promoted. But relatively speaking, there are still many problems to be solved in order to achieve the popularization of optical fiber to the home, such as the technology and hardware at the transmitting and receiving ends, and the speed of the transmission system. Although the speed of G bytes can be mentioned, for users, the processing of a large amount of information needs to be handled by a better computer. Therefore, the improvement of the communication system also depends on the rapid development of computer technology to a certain extent.