INTRODUCTION COMPUTER :-

A computer system has three main components: hardware, software, and people. ... a copying machine by using light beams to scan a document or picture that is laid.

A computer is made up of two components: 1) Hardware and 2) software. The computer hardware is the physical equipment which is made of electronic components like registers, transistors, capacitors etc.. The software is the collection of programs that allow the hardware to serve its purpose. The purpose of the software is to use the underlying hardware components.

 Computational Thinking:- Computational thinking involves ideas like abstraction, data representation, and logically organizing data, which are also prevalent in other kinds of thinking, such as scientific thinking, engineering thinking, systems thinking, design thinking, model-based thinking, and the like . Computational thinking is not programming. Programming tells a computer what to do and how to do it. Whereas computational thinking is the process of figuring out what to tell the computer to do. Computational thinking is the process of thinking like a computer scientis.

 The Four Pillars of Computational Thinking :-

• Decomposition - breaking down a problem into smaller parts
• Pattern Recognition - looking for similarities within a problem
• Abstraction - ignoring unimportant information and only focusing on important information
• Algorithms - developing the step-by-step rules to follow in order to solve the problem ..

Binary and ASCII:-

ASCII:- : these files can be processed using standard, off-the-shelf log-analysis tools. However, Content Gateway must perform additional processing to create the files in ASCII, resulting in an increase in overhead. Also, ASCII files tend to be larger than the equivalent binary files. ASCII log files have a .log filename extension by default.

Binary:- : these files generate lower system overhead, as well as generally occupying less space on the disk, depending on the type of information being logged. You must, however, use a converter application before you can read or analyze these files using standard tools. Binary log files use a .blog filename extension by default.

 What is Algorithms and its Complexity?

Algorithm complexity is a measure which evaluates the order of the count of operations, performed by a given or algorithm as a function of the size of the input data. To put this simpler, complexity is a rough approximation of the number of steps necessary to execute an algorithm. Analysis of an algorithm's complexity is helpful when comparing algorithms or seeking improvements. Algorithmic complexity falls within a branch of theoretical computer science called computational complexity theory. It's important to note that we're concerned about the order of an algorithm's complexity, not the actual execution time in terms of milliseconds

 Pseudo-code:-

Writing pseudocode allows you to get those brilliant ideas in your head in front of you without having to worry about the syntax of the programming language. Since it has no specific syntax, it is easy to read and write, and programmers can comfortably communicate ideas and concepts, even if they are working on different programming languages.

Storing Data in Memory :-

An in-memory database is a type of purpose-built database that relies primarily on memory for data storage, in contrast to databases that store data on disk or SSDs. In-memory databases are designed to attain minimal response time by eliminating the need to access disks. Because all data is stored and managed exclusively in main memory, it is at risk of being lost upon a process or server failure. In-memory databases can persist data on disks by storing each operation in a log or by taking snapshots.

In-memory databases are ideal for applications that require microsecond response times and can have large spikes in traffic coming at any time such as gaming leader boards, session stores, and real-time analytics. 

 Data-types to store data:-

The integer data type ( int ) is used to represent whole numbers that can be stored within 32-bits. The decimal data type ( dec ) is used to represent 64-bit floating point values. The text data type ( text ) is used to represent values that contain uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, spaces, and symbols.