An Interview with Dr Adrian Heini on Traditional Biomarkers and Longevity

There is a deeply rooted belief that guides us at Clinique La Prairie: the importance of a medical approach to longevity.

Let me explain further: in a longevity landscape often dominated by miraculous solutions and fantastical promises, we firmly believe that having 50 doctors who keep us grounded and ensure we always follow a scientific, evidence-based approach is essential. (Let me remind you of CLP's four pillars of longevity: Medical—first and foremost, Nutrition, Wellbeing, and Movement).

Too often, the pursuit of sensational solutions leads us to forget the fundamentals of longevity.

This is why I am delighted to introduce Dr. Adrian Heini. An FMH Specialist in Internal and General Medicine, as well as a Specialist in Preventive Medicine. With over twenty years of service at the Clinique and since 2020, as our Medical Director, leading our Medical Pillar with vision and dedication, Adrian brings invaluable expertise to the conversation.

With him, we will discuss Traditional Biomarkers and Longevity. It’s a perfect opportunity to remind ourselves how essential “traditional medicine” and the tests typically performed in a thorough, routine check-up remain as part of any longevity process.

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1.????? Adrian, what are "traditional" biomarkers, and why are they important in assessing health and longevity?

Traditional biomarkers are measurable indicators used in medicine and biology to assess health, diagnose diseases, or monitor the effects of treatments. These biomarkers are often found in blood, urine, or other body fluids and provide information about the body's physiological state. Examples can be cholesterol levels and blood sugar for cardio metabolic risk. Liver and kidney function for an appreciation of elimination potential and others.

2.????? How do traditional biomarkers differ from newer ones, such as genetic or epigenetic biomarkers?

Traditional biomarkers have long been the cornerstone of medical diagnostics, offering extensively studied and validated indicators of health and disease across large populations. Their reliability and acceptance have made them a standard in clinical practice. However, newer biomarkers, such as genetic and epigenetic ones, are redefining our approach to predicting and understanding health. These innovative markers have the potential to identify risks and events far earlier than traditional methods, paving the way for more personalized and preventative care.

At Clinique La Prairie, we are at the forefront of these medical advances, integrating the latest scientific developments into our holistic approach to health and longevity. While these newer biomarkers are not yet widely established in clinical practice and still require validation in large-scale patient cohorts, we believe they are critical. What is considered novel today will soon become the norm, and we are committed to leading this transition, ensuring our clients benefit from cutting-edge tools to enhance their health and well-being.

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3.????? Which blood biomarkers are most relevant to predicting longevity and overall health?

In my opinion, it is a mix of traditional markers and novel markers, such as antioxidant profiles and epigenetic parameters.?

4.????? Can you explain the significance of commonly measured markers such as cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose levels in relation to aging?

Markers such as cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose levels are critical indicators of metabolic health and play a significant role in the aging process. When these markers are elevated, they often signal the presence of metabolic syndrome—a condition characterized by visceral fat accumulation, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome is strongly linked to an increased risk of comorbidities, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and liver disorders, all of which accelerate aging and contribute to overall decline in health.

5.????? What role do inflammation markers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), play in assessing age-related diseases?

CRP reflects the inflammatory state - it has a predictive value within the very low range (you need to dispose of the high-sensitive CRP test). ?If CRP is high, an acute infection is usually present.?

6.????? Are there specific markers in blood work that can indicate early signs of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease or diabetes?

?To detect early stages of chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease or diabetes, specific blood markers are particularly valuable. For instance, an insulin sensitivity test (HOMA) helps assess insulin resistance, which is a key precursor to diabetes. Additionally, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is a marker of inflammation that can signal early cardiovascular risk. Looking ahead, ceramides—a type of lipid—are emerging as a potentially more precise indicator of cardiovascular health compared to the traditional cholesterol profile and may become a standard biomarker in the near future.

7.????? Why is chronic inflammation often referred to as a hallmark of aging?

Because we know now that low-grade inflammation represents stress to the cell and decreases the body potential to clean for senescent cells (waste); in turn, senescent cells release inflammatory substances.

8.????? Which traditional tests can measure systemic inflammation, and how can they inform longevity strategies?

High sensitivity CRP is one, but we need tests that are earlier precursors of chronic inflammation: We use the genetic profile of an individual to know the genetic predisposition of patients, we also use an epigenetic stress test ( that can favorably or negatively evolve) other standard methods are currently developed.

9.????? What is the role of radiology in longevity assessment?

Radiology plays a critical role in longevity assessment by aiding in both disease prevention and the identification of degenerative changes in the body. Through advanced imaging techniques such as ultrasound, CT scans, and MRI, radiology allows for early screening of diseases and the detection of age-related degeneration in structures like bones, joints, and brain morphology. This early identification helps implement timely interventions to preserve health and improve longevity outcomes.

10.? Can imaging techniques, such as CT scans, MRIs, or DEXA scans, provide insights into aging-related changes in the body?

CT scanning would detect lung diseases, tumors and vascular pathologies; DEXA scans can identify osteoporosis, but also changes in body composition, that closely relate to aging. MRIs can identify grey and white matter degeneration and atherosclerotic vessel modifications.

11.? How does bone density testing relate to longevity, particularly in aging populations?

Bone density testing, such as DEXA scans, assesses bone mineral density to identify risks for osteoporosis and fractures, which are critical concerns in aging populations. Low bone density increases the likelihood of fractures, particularly hip fractures, which are associated with decreased mobility, higher morbidity, and shorter lifespan. Maintaining strong bones through early detection and interventions like diet, exercise, and medications can significantly enhance quality of life and longevity

12.? How important are tests like blood pressure monitoring, electrocardiograms (ECG), or cardiac imaging in assessing long-term health risks?

Cardiological assessments, such as blood pressure monitoring, electrocardiograms (ECG), and cardiac imaging, are essential for screening and monitoring cardiovascular health. Given that cardiovascular disease is one of the leading age-related morbidities, these tests play a vital role in early detection, risk assessment, and ongoing management of heart-related conditions, helping to mitigate long-term health risks and improve overall longevity.

13.? Which biomarkers are most reflective of a person’s nutritional status, and how do they relate to longevity?

In clinical nutrition, biomarkers such as albumin are commonly used to detect malnutrition. However, when evaluating optimal nutritional status for disease prevention and longevity, a more comprehensive approach is needed. At our clinic, we assess a combination of biological profiles, including antioxidant potential, heavy metal levels, and fatty acid composition. These markers provide valuable insights into nutrient balance, oxidative stress, and potential toxic exposure, all of which are critical for promoting long-term health and longevity.

14.? How can markers such as vitamin D levels provide insight into a person’s health and aging trajectory?

Markers such as vitamin D levels, particularly vitamin D3, offer valuable insights into a person’s overall health and the challenges associated with aging. While vitamin D is not a direct marker of longevity, it is a critical indicator of health that highlights potential vulnerabilities, particularly in older populations.

Vitamin D3 is essential for bone health, playing a key role in calcium absorption and bone mineralization. Deficiencies can accelerate conditions like osteoporosis and increase the risk of fractures, which significantly impact mobility and quality of life in aging individuals. In terms of muscle function, adequate vitamin D levels support muscle strength and help reduce the risk of falls, a major cause of injury and hospitalization in older adults. Furthermore, vitamin D is crucial for a well-functioning immune system, aiding in the fight against infections and helping to reduce inflammation—one of the primary drivers of aging and chronic disease.

15.? How often should these traditional biomarkers be monitored to ensure early detection of potential age-related health risks?

Once a year would be optimal.

16.? Are there age-specific thresholds for these markers, or should they be personalized for each individual?

Both age-specific thresholds and personalized approaches are important for biomarkers. While age-based ranges account for physiological changes, individual factors like genetics, lifestyle, and health conditions require tailored targets to optimize health and longevity.

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17.? Do you think traditional biomarkers will continue to play a significant role in longevity science, or will they be gradually replaced by newer technologies?

Yes!

18.? For someone aiming to improve their longevity, what are the key blood tests or radiological assessments you would recommend as a starting point?

For someone aiming to improve their longevity, the focus should be on comprehensive assessments that provide insights into overall health, early detection of potential risks, and prevention of chronic diseases. As a starting point, the following blood tests and radiological assessments are recommended:

Key Blood Tests:

• Complete Blood Count: Provides an overview of overall health and can detect infections, anemia, and immune system issues.
• Lipid Panel: Assesses cholesterol levels to evaluate cardiovascular health.
• Fasting Blood Glucose: Monitors blood sugar levels and assesses risk for diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
• Liver and Kidney Function Tests: Evaluates organ health and detects early signs of dysfunction.
• Vitamin D Levels: Identifies deficiencies that can affect bone health, immune function, and inflammation.
• Inflammatory Markers: Indicates levels of chronic inflammation, a key driver of aging and chronic disease.
• Thyroid Panel: Screens for thyroid dysfunction, which can impact metabolism and energy levels.
• Hormonal Profile: ?Monitors hormonal balance, which is crucial for energy, mood, and aging.
• Nutritional and Mineral Levels: Assesses nutritional deficiencies that can affect energy, cognition, and cellular repair.
• Oxidative Stress Markers: Evaluates oxidative damage and antioxidant capacity.
• Genetic and Epigenetic Markers: Helps identify predispositions to certain diseases and the biological age of cells.

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Radiological Assessments:

• Body Composition Analysis: Evaluates muscle mass, fat distribution, and overall body composition, which are key indicators of metabolic health. Assesses bone health and identifies early signs of osteoporosis.
• Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: Screens for early signs of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
• Low-Dose Chest CT: Detects early signs of lung abnormalities or cancer.
• MRI of the Brain: Identifies early structural changes that could signal neurodegenerative risk.

In addition to blood tests and radiological assessments, functional tests provide dynamic insights into how well the body is performing and adapting, offering a deeper understanding of overall health and longevity.

These tests and assessments provide a comprehensive baseline for understanding one’s health and potential risks. At Clinique La Prairie, we emphasize a tailored approach, ensuring these diagnostics align with individual health profiles, lifestyle, and longevity goals. Regular monitoring and follow-ups based on these results can guide personalized strategies to optimize health and extend both lifespan and healthspan.

Many thanks to you Adrian!

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The "Unlock Longevity" newsletter is my personal contribution to exploring, but most importantly simplifying and making accessible, the themes, techniques, and strategies related to longevity.

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This article reflects my personal views and is not intended to replace professional medical advice.