Innovative Modifications in ADC Foaming Agents
Azodicarbonamide (ADC) is a widely used foaming agent in polymer processing, particularly in materials like EVA, PE, and PVC. However, to meet specific industrial demands, ADC can be modified to optimize its gas generation, particle size, color, and thermal decomposition temperature. The main modification approaches include altering reaction conditions, introducing additives, refining particle size, and combining different foaming agents. Here are the key types of modified ADC products:
Microfine Particle ADC
In the domestic market, ADC particles are typically coarse with limited grade options, whereas international manufacturers offer various grades based on particle size to cater to different polymer applications. This type of modification involves mechanical crushing and classification of ADC raw powder to achieve finer particles.
Low-Temperature Decomposition ADC
Standard ADC decomposes above 200°C, which is too high for resins with low softening points or those prone to thermal aging. Research has focused on developing low-temperature ADC by incorporating activators like chromium, zinc, lead compounds, urea derivatives, and nitroguanidine. Modified ADC with these additives can decompose at temperatures as low as 80°C, broadening its usability in heat-sensitive applications.
High-Dispersibility ADC
For uniform, smooth-surfaced polymer foams, the foaming agent must disperse evenly within the polymer matrix. However, standard ADC is prone to agglomeration due to static electricity, affecting product quality. High-dispersibility ADC can be achieved by blending with inert inorganic compounds or adding surfactants, ensuring better distribution and foam uniformity.
Foam-Inhibiting ADC
Certain substances, such as dicarboxylic acids, hydrazides, phenols, amines, and triazoles, can suppress ADC decomposition. When combined with metal ion activators, the inhibition effect is enhanced. This modification is particularly useful in producing textured foamed wallpapers and decorative materials, where controlled foaming creates unique surface patterns.
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Composite Foaming Agents
By mixing ADC with other functional additives or combining multiple foaming agents, synergistic effects can be achieved. This composite approach enhances performance characteristics, making it a leading trend in the plastic additives industry.
Foaming Masterbatch
Similar to other polymer additives, masterbatch formulations are becoming a significant trend in ADC modification. Encapsulating ADC in a masterbatch form enhances handling, consistency, and compatibility with polymer processing, making it a preferred choice in industrial applications.
The modification of ADC foaming agents continues to evolve, driven by the demand for improved performance, broader application ranges, and enhanced processing efficiency. As the industry progresses, these advanced ADC products will play a crucial role in shaping the future of polymer foaming technologies.
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