- EXW (Ex Works): The seller makes the goods available at their premises. The buyer is responsible for all transportation costs and risks from the seller's location to the final destination.
- FCA (Free Carrier): The seller delivers the goods to a carrier or another person nominated by the buyer at a specified location. The buyer bears the risks and costs from that point onward.
- CPT (Carriage Paid To): The seller pays for transportation of the goods to the named destination. However, the risk transfers to the buyer once the goods are handed over to the carrier.
- CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To): Similar to CPT, but the seller also pays for insurance covering the buyer's risk during transportation.
- DAT (Delivered at Terminal): The seller delivers the goods, unloaded, at a named terminal at the destination. The buyer bears all risks and costs from this point forward.
- DAP (Delivered at Place): The seller is responsible for delivering the goods to a named place, ready for unloading. However, the buyer is responsible for any risks beyond this point.
- DDP (Delivered Duty Paid): The seller is responsible for delivering the goods to the buyer's location, ready for unloading, and paying all costs, including duties and taxes.
- FAS (Free Alongside Ship): The seller delivers the goods alongside the vessel nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment. From there, the buyer bears all risks and costs.
- FOB (Free on Board): The seller delivers the goods on board the vessel nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment. The buyer bears all costs and risks from this point onward.
- CFR (Cost and Freight): The seller is responsible for the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination. However, the risk transfers to the buyer once the goods are on board the vessel.
- CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight): Similar to CFR, but the seller also pays for insurance against the buyer's risk of loss or damage to the goods during transportation.
