How to use PMUs located in remote S/S to evaluate performance of generators

At present PMUs are installed at very few generating unit terminals. But PMUs installed in remote S/S can be used to evaluate the performance of generators.

Left figure shows the network connectivity a generating station. Generating station Gen G is connected to substations A and B through 400 kV double circuit transmission lines. PMUs are installed on these lines at substations A and B. Hence with the help of PMUs, total incoming power flow from Gen G to substations A and B can be measured. Now it can be observed that total power generation at Gen G will be the negative of summation of power flow measured by PMU installed at substations A and B for incoming feeders from Gen G including auxiliary and other power consumption at Gen G and Power flow loss through feeders from Gen G to substations A and B.

Gen G here is a thermal power plant. Therefore, auxiliary and other power consumption at Gen G and power loss in transmission lines are very less compared to its total power generation. Further, auxiliary power consumption and power loss do not vary with frequency. So, these can be ignored and thus power flow summation of outgoing lines measured at remote ends provides a better overview of the total power generation from the power plant. The PFR evaluation for a event using PMU data is shown right figure.