How To Make Industrial Waste Water Treatment Cost-Efficient

Cost-Efficient Waste Water Treatment can only Make the Manufacturing Industries Environmentally and Financially Sustainable.

Modern world can't sustain without manufacturing industries. Why?

Because you can't ignore the contributions of the manufacturing industries.? They're immense.? When you talk about poverty eradication, employment generation and improving the prosperity level, nothing can match with the contributions of manufacturing industries.

Manufacturing Industries

The quality of life we're enjoying today is because of the industrial goods. Look around you. you'll observe that nothing would have been possible without the manufacturing industries. Manufacturing industries are adding tremendous value.

In fact, rapid industrialization is a blessing to the modern world.?

As you're aware, every coin has two sides.? Everything is a mixed blessing.? Manufacturing industries are no exceptions.? Why? Because most of the manufacturing industries generate significant amounts of waste.

Manufacturing Industries Generate Waste

If you study the waste generation pattern of the industries, you’ll observe wide variations.? The quantities vary a lot.? While some industries generate less waste, for some industries it's very high.? And when you talk about the waste characteristics, the situation becomes alarming.?Why?

Because the wastes generated in some manufacturing industries impact the environment badly. In fact, environmental impact is of utmost importance. And for that matter, most of the wastes generated in the manufacturing industries are harmful to the environment.

They are nothing but the pollutants and can pollute the environment if discharged into the environment.? In fact, here we're in a critical situation. On the one hand we can't stop running the manufacturing industries and on the other hand we must keep our environment absolutely pollution free. So, what to do?

Industrial Waste Management

The most effective approach available to the manufacturing industries can be divided into two parts:

• The first part is to make efforts to avoid waste generation.? But in most of the industries, it’s not possible for you to avoid the waste generation completely.? So, the only way left is to minimize the waste generation.
• The second part deals with effective waste treatment.? The idea is to use suitable end of the pipe treatment technologies in order to make the wastes harmless to the environment.? It's not only essential to comply with the pollution control requirements but also to keep our environment pollution free.

But the manufacturing industries are business entities. And the costs are important to any business. So, you can't ignore the waste treatment cost.? Right?

No doubt, controlling the pollution is of utmost importance.? But equally important is to do it economically.

Waste Treatment Cost

In fact, it's essential to minimize the waste treatment cost without compromising with their environmental impact.? And irrespective of the treatment costs, it’s a must to make the environment pollution free.? Then only you can make the manufacturing industries environmentally as well as financially sustainable.

When you get into the details of waste quantity generated in manufacturing industries, you'll observe an interesting fact. Most of the industries generate all three types of waste - Solid, Liquid, and Gaseous. But the Liquid Waste has got the major share.

Industrial Waste Water

And when you consider the quantity and characteristics of the Liquid Waste, you’ll find that it's a real challenge to treat them in order to make them harmless. Why?

Because the manufacturing industries are different. When you talk about the manufacturing processes, raw materials used, scale of operations, and finished products manufactured and so on, you’ll find them to vary a lot.

Naturally, the quantity and characteristics of the waste streams of different industries will be different.

But have you ever thought how the liquid waste gets generated?

It's because of water.? If you study the manufacturing processes of the manufacturing industries, you'll find hardly any manufacturing industry which does not use water.? Most of the industries use water. Of course, some of them may be using more while for some the amount will be less.

But do you know what happens to the water used?

When you use water in the manufacturing processes, it is bound to get out of the manufacturing system as waste water. However, if the water you use gets incorporated in your products, then it’ll be a different story all together.? Right?

That's how the manufacturing industries generate waste water and the waste water treatment becomes necessary.?

But when it comes to waste water treatment, you can't think in isolation. Why? Because all functions of a manufacturing industry are interdependent. And considerable costs are involved.

Integrated Waste Water Treatment

So, while taking treatment decisions, you need to take into account all business aspects. That's why an integrated approach is necessary to make the manufacturing industries, environmentally as well as financially sustainable.

That's why Integrated Waste Management is important to your manufacturing industry.

The integrated approach to waste water treatment must consider two important aspects:

• You must use proper treatment techniques to make the waste water completely harmless to the environment and comply with all pollution control norms.
• And equally important aspect is to ensure that the treatment techniques you employ are suitable with respect to technically feasibility and economically viability.

But before you get into the details of the treatment techniques, you must know about the waste water streams.

Waste Stream Balance

If you study the manufacturing process of any manufacturing industry, you’ll observe certain waste generation patterns in different manufacturing sections. No doubt, the waste generation patterns will differ from industry to industry.

So, if you're interested in knowing about the details of the waste streams, you need to follow a systematic approach. You need to do mass balance across the individual manufacturing sections, with respect to the quantity and characteristics of individual waste water streams. And it's necessary. Why?

Because the treatment techniques are different for different waste water streams. And the costs associated with different treatment techniques are also different.

That's why you must optimize the waste water treatment techniques for different waste water streams. Here the waste stream balance will help you in segregating the waste water streams according to their characteristics and quantities.

Waste Water Stream Segregation

In fact, it's necessary to segregate the waste water streams especially the streams which are difficult to treat.? In most of the cases the treatment cost is high for those streams.? And most of them contain non-biodegradable and toxic compounds dissolved in them. If these streams get mixed with the main waste water streams, it’ll contaminate the waste water and make it difficult to treat.

So, it makes business sense to separate those waste water streams and treat them using special treatment techniques.

Once you've segregated the waste water streams, it’s time to talk about the waste water treatment process.

Most of the waste water treatment processes have got three major parts:

• Primary Treatment
• Secondary Treatment
• Tertiary Treatment

?Primary Treatment

The waste water streams generated in the production section go through the initial treatment operations in primary treatment section of the effluent treatment plant.

The operations mostly involve physical operations to remove the pollutants from the waste water streams. They’re mostly meant for removing insoluble solid pollutants suspended in the waste water. But in most of the industrial waste water treatment processes, it results in significant removal of dissolved pollutants.

But why primary treatment?

The major purpose of primary waste water treatment is to prepare the waster water for the secondary waste water treatment. Why? Because major part of the pollutants get removed in the secondary waste water treatment stage.

We shall get into the details how primary waste water treatment make the waste water suitable for secondary treatment later.

Secondary Treatment

The waste water streams from primary treatment section go to secondary treatment section where major part of the pollutants get removed.

The operations mostly involve molecular conversion to remove the dissolved pollutants from the waste water streams. because the dissolved pollutants can’t be removed by physical operations. You need molecular conversion to make the pollutants harmless to the environment. Both chemical and biological processes are used for achieving molecular transformation.

But why secondary treatment?

The major purpose of secondary waste water treatment is to reduce the pollutant in order to make the waste water comply with the pollution control norms. But it must go to the tertiary waste water treatment section before final disposal.

We shall get into the details of secondary waste water treatment techniques later.

Tertiary Treatment

The waste water streams from secondary treatment section go to tertiary treatment section where the final treatment operations are carried out.

The operations mostly involve final polishing operations. But why tertiary treatment?

The major purpose of tertiary waste water treatment is to do final treatment operations to make the waste water comply with the pollution control requirements.

We shall get into the details of tertiary waste water treatment techniques later.

Optimize the Waste Water Treatment Process

But before getting into further details, it’s important to know how to optimize the waste water treatment process. Why?

Because the treatment techniques need to be considered based on the quantity and characteristics of different waste water streams. In fact, the more important aspect is to optimize the combinations of the treatment techniques to make the waste water treatment cost-efficient.

But there’s a major issue.

Even if you consider the quantity and characteristics of different waste water streams for designing the waste water treatment system, you can’t be hundred present sure. Why? Because the waste water is a complex mixture of hundreds different chemical compounds. Some of them can be treated easily while for some molecules, the treatment process becomes complex.

But you need to invest significant amount in the waste water treatment facilities. And you can’t ignore the operating costs. Because the idea is to optimize the waste water treatment costs.

That’s precisely the reason why you must be doubly sure that the treatment techniques are effective in treating the waste water getting generated in your manufacturing facility. Isn’t it?

It’s where the Treatability Study comes into the picture.

Treatability Study

Once you design the treatment process, you need to simulate the process in the laboratory. You’ll subject the waste water to the treatment process you’ve finalized. The aim is to analyze the process performance of each and every step. Why?

Because unless all the steps of the treatment process perform efficiently with respect to the removal of the pollutants and hydraulic loads, you’ll not be able to comply with the pollution control requirements.

The main aim of the laboratory evaluation is to ensure that the treatment process is capable of treating the waste water efficiently.

This is nothing but the Treatability Study.

In fact, a detailed laboratory evaluation is preferred to estimate the cost of waste water treatment and how much will be the capital investment for building the treatment facility.

But in order to make the treatability study realistic, you need to generate representative sample of waste water. If there’s already a running plant, it’s readily available. Of course, you need to mix the waste water streams in the right proportion based on the finalized treatment process.

But if it’s a new project, you need to take the help of your research and development laboratory to make the representative waste water sample.

But in order to make the waste water treatment cost-efficient, you need to have a clear idea about the treatment techniques used in primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment sections. Then only you shall be able to optimize the processes and reduce the costs involved without compromising on the treatment efficiency.

In the next few paragraphs, we shall get into the techno-commercial details so that you can think of ways to make the treatment process not only economical but also efficient.

Let’s start…

Primary Treatment

As we’ve discussed earlier, the major purpose of primary waste water treatment is to prepare the waste water for the secondary treatment. Right?

Now let’s talk about the treatment process steps and start with Screening.

Waste Water Screening

The waste water streams generated in the production section may contain particle big enough to affect the treatment operations. So the screening process is used to remove the particles from the incoming waste water.

Of course, both fine and coarse screens are used to get rid of fine as well as coarse particles.

However, it’s necessary to avoid problems in the treatment facility.

Waste Water Equalization

In most of the industries, the quantity and characteristics of the waste water generated in the production section vary widely with time.

That’s why in order to make waste water treatment efficient, you need to collect the waste water streams for a predetermined period of time and mix them properly before you subject it to the treatment process.

That’s what is called Equalization.

The idea is to make the incoming waste water to homogeneous. It’s necessary to make the treatment process efficient.

Once you’ve made the incoming waste water homogeneous, you need to focus on it’s pH.

Waste Water Neutralization

When you study the industrial waste water characteristics, you’ll find most of them are either acidic or basic in nature.

But when it comes to the treatment processes, they perform the best at their own optimum pH conditions. So, it becomes necessary to adjust the pH using suitable acid or base - neutralizing agents.

However the selection of the right neutralizing agent (acid or base) is critical for the effective treatment. Of course, you can neutralize the waste water continuously or batch wise based on the final treatment process.

Now, it’s time to get rid of the suspended solids.

Removal Of Suspended Solids

Most of the industrial waste water streams contain suspended solids. And in addition to it, the earlier treatment steps - equalization and neutralization - may generate significant amount of suspended solids.

This treatment step involves the usage of suitable coagulating and flocculating agents. Why? Because their usage helps in making the suspended particles come together. And it results in the formation of bigger particles (flocs).

Of course, based on the characteristics of the suspended particles, either they will settle down or float up. The unit operations like sedimentation or floatation are then used to remove the flocs and make the waste water free from the suspended solids.

But it’s always based on the type of the suspended solids. In many waste water treatment plants, filtration processes are used to get rid of the suspended solids and clarify the waste water.

You’ve already removed the suspended solid. No it’s time to think of the dissolved solid. Let’s see how to remove the dissolved solid.

Chemical Precipitation

Removing dissolved solids is very important. So if you can make the solids insoluble, they’ll come out of the solution. In fact, now they’re suspended solids. That’s what the chemical precipitation does.

You use suitable chemical precipitating agents to precipitate out the soluble pollutants. Of course, the type and quantity of precipitating agents depends upon which pollutants you want to get rid of and to what extent. Everything depends on the type of compounds the waste water contains.

Actually, the precipitating agents are making the soluble pollutants insoluble. Once they become insoluble, you can use the separating processes as you do with suspended solid to effectively remove them.

but with most of the industrial waste water treatment, no single treatment technique is effective. So you need to go for a combination the treatment techniques.

Combination of Treatment Techniques

So, in most of the industrial waste water treatment processes, an effective combination of treatment techniques is used. Of course, exact details will vary from industry to industry.

But when you aim to make the treatment process cost efficient, you don't have any other choice. In fact, by using right combination of primary treatment techniques, you can not only reduce the treatment cost significantly but also comply with the pollution control norms in a better way.

Because of that you need to make it a point to learn as much as possible about those powerful and effective treatment techniques. Naturally, it will help you select the right combination of treatment techniques.

But our aim is not only to achieve efficient treatment but also to reduce the treatment cost to the maximum extent. Right?

So let’s get into those details.

How Primary Treatment Can Minimize Treatment Cost

There’re many ways you can optimize the primary treatment to minimize the waste water treatment cost.

Some of them are mentioned below:

Optimization of Waste Water Neutralization

Of course, It’s necessary to neutralize the waste water to adjust the pH to the optimum level for the treatment processes to perform efficiently. But the more important aspect is to decide on what type of neutralizing agent you’ll be using. Why?

Because when you do waste water neutralization, the ionic nature of many compounds change significantly. And because of that, many compounds become insoluble in the waste water and precipitate out.

And it becomes possible for you to remove the pollutants from the waste water without spending any additional amount.

Of course, you need to evaluate many neutralizing agents and see which one is better for your waste water. Once you identify the right one, you start saving on your waste water treatment cost.?

Neutralization with Waste Water Streams

When you study the characteristics of the waste water streams, you’ll find most of them are either acidic or alkaline in nature. So, you can explore the possibility of using one waste water stream to adjust the pH of the other stream in order to save on pH adjustment cost.

And in addition to it, neutralization process may result in precipitation of some pollutants. Of course, it’ll be based on the characteristics of the pollutants. As a result the pollutant load on the secondary treatment may go down.

However it calls for detailed study along with laboratory experimentation before taking the final decision.

Removal of Non-Biodegradable Pollutants

The biological treatment is very common in the waste water treatment facilities. But the biological treatment becomes difficult due to the presence of non-biodegradable and toxic substances in the waste water.

In that situation, you are compelled to go for other treatments like using non biological treatment technologies. But most of the non biological treatment technologies are very expensive to operate. Naturally the treatment cost goes up significantly.

That’s where the primary treatment can help. But how?

When you optimize of the primary treatment techniques with respect to the removal of non-biodegradable and toxic compounds,? the things can improve. Even if there’s partial removal of problematic compounds, the limitations of the biological treatment can be addressed.

And when you make biological treatment possible for the major part of your waste water, you save on the treatment cost significantly. Of course, as an additional benefit, it can help in improving the capacity and efficiency of your waste water treatment facility.

Secondary Treatment

As we’ve discussed earlier, the major part of the waste water treatment is done by the secondary treatment.

But do you know why most of the waste water treatment facilities use biological treatment in their secondary treatment section?

It’s because the biological treatment is the most economical. So it makes business sense to focus on biological treatment. In fact, you must make efforts to make it a success.? That how you can minimize the waste water treatment cost.

Let’s first get into the details of biological waste water treatment…

Biological Waste Water Treatment

When you’re using biological waste water treatment, you’re utilizing the power of the microorganisms. In fact, you can’t see them with your naked eye as they’re very small. You can only see them under the microscope.

the biological treatment process can be divided into two categories.

Anaerobic Biological Process

Anaerobic biological waste water treatment works in the absence of air (oxygen). So it becomes necessary to carry out the process in closed condition in order to avoid air and maintain anaerobic condition.

The treatment process involves the microorganisms present in the waste water. The major conversion they do is to breakdown the carbon compounds into carbon dioxide and methane gas.

Of course, you can use the methane gas generated in anaerobic biological waste water treatment as fuel and save on your energy cost.

Aerobic Biological Process

Aerobic biological waste water treatment works in the presence of air (oxygen). So it becomes necessary to supply air and maintain anaerobic condition as oxygen is essential for the process.

The treatment process involves the microorganisms present in the waste water. The major conversion they do is to break down the carbon compounds into carbon dioxide and water and make them harmless to the environment.

Of course, here you need to incur some energy cost in order to supply air.

But you need to improve the efficiency of biological waste water treatment. Why?

Because then only you’ll be able to treat the waste water treatment and meet the pollution control requirements.

Equally important is to optimize the biological treatment process with respect to the capital investment and the operating cost. Why?

Because then only you’ll be able to reduce the treatment cost up to the level you’re interested in. In fact, reduction of waste water treatment cost is very important to make the business sustainable – environmentally as well as financially.

Let’s see how to make the biological waste water treatment cost-efficient…

How To Make The Biological Waste Water Treatment Cost-Efficient

There are various ways to improve the biological treatment efficiency. Let's discuss some of the way which are powerful enough to not only enhance the waste water treatment efficiency but also reduce the treatment cost significantly.

If you want to make the biological waste water treatment cost-efficient, you need to keep the microorganism happy. Why? Because it’s the microorganisms which are doing the real job of treatment.

Some of the ways you can consider are mentioned below:

Remove Non-Biodegradable Compounds

The most important way to make the biological treatment effective is to ensure that the waste water is free from non-biodegradable and toxic compounds. Why?

Because the biological processes have limitations to deal with non-biodegradable and especially the toxic compounds. The toxic compounds are lethal to the microorganisms and the presence of these compounds in the waste water destabilize the treatment process. And once the system gets destabilized, it becomes very difficult to make it functional.

There’re two ways to deal with this issue:

• First of all, it’s necessary to segregate the waste water streams based on their characteristics. You must ensure to separate the waste water streams containing non-biodegradable and toxic compounds.
• The second option is to optimize the primary treatment to remove non-biodegradable and toxic compounds. Even if it’s not possible to remove them completely, partial removal can also help the biological treatment. As we’ve discussed earlier you can optimize the neutralization and chemical precipitation steps of primary treatment.

Use the Power of Biomass Acclimatization

A wide variety of microorganisms take part in biological waste water treatment process. That’s why their growth as well as the treatment capabilities are different.

Biomass acclimatization makes use of this aspect. You systematically expose the biomass present in the waste water with the difficult to consume compounds so that the composition of the biomass changes. The capable varieties become more. And that’s how they develop the capability to utilize the difficult to treat compounds.

Biomass Acclimatization can help in reducing the requirements of non-biological treatment technologies and save on the treatment cost.

Use Specially Developed Microorganisms

You can explore the possibility of augmenting the biomass with specially developed microorganisms. They’re capable of eating away non-biodegradable and extremely toxic compounds and live in extreme environments.

Naturally these super bugs can make a difference when it’s a matter of waste water treatment efficiency and costs.

But how to get those super organisms?

These special microorganisms are made by using fermentation technology. In fact, here you’re using the power of biochemical engineering to develop the internal biochemical mechanisms of the microorganisms very fast. The powerful biochemical engineering technologies select and develop the microorganism and convert them into super bugs.

Usage of special organisms can help you avoid or significantly reduce the requirements of non-biological treatment technologies. This is a powerful way to make biological treatment efficient. And it’s especially helpful in industrial waste water treatment.

Use Engineering Innovations

Advanced biochemical engineering technologies are getting developed to enhance the capacity and efficiency of the biological treatments.

Though many engineering technologies are available, you need to compare the systems with respect to cost (both investment and operating) and the treatment efficiency so that you can take an informed decision.

In short, engineering innovations in the biological waste water treatment can improve the treatment capacity, reduce the energy cost, and comply with the environmental requirements easily and economically.

As we’ve already discussed, the biological treatment has got it’s own limitations. So it becomes necessary to use non-biological treatment technologies.

Non-Biological Waste Water Treatment

We have already discussed where the biological treatment may not be effective. That's where the non-biological treatment technologies come into picture.

The non-biological treatment technologies don’t rely on the activities of microorganisms. So, the biological limitations don't affect the treatment process. But these technologies are powerful enough to treat most of the pollutants even the ones which the biological treatment can't handle.

Wherever required, you can use them either as stand alone systems for the treatment of the waste water or use them as pretreatment before the final biological treatment.

When you use them as pretreatment, you’re going for partial treatment. The idea is use these technologies to convert most of the non-biodegradable and toxic molecules into simpler substances which the biological treatment can handle easily.

Though many non-biological treatment technologies are available, let’s talk about the major categories.

Advanced Oxidation Technologies

There are different types of advanced oxidation technologies available. But if you study their treatment mechanisms, you’ll find most of them utilize the power of hydroxyl radicals. The hydroxyl radicals are reactive enough to treat most of the pollutant molecules.

Of course, the way to generate hydroxyl radicals varies from technology to technology. The technologies have their own advantages and disadvantages. So detailed analysis of your waste water treatment process with respect to the treatment efficiency and costs will decide which technologies are right for you. But with advanced oxidation technologies the operating costs are higher.

Wet Air Oxidation

The wet air oxidation process use air (source of oxygen) under high temperature and pressure in the presence of a suitable catalyst to oxidize the pollutants.

And massive work is being done to develop improved catalysts for enhancing the treatment efficiency and reducing the temperature and pressure requirements.

And the temperature and pressure requirements will depend on the type of pollutants present in the waste water and to what extent you want to treat your waste water. But the capital investment for wet air oxidation technology is very high.

When it comes to the usage of non-biological waste water treatment, you need to be very careful as higher costs are involved.

Using Non-Biological Treatment for Partial Treatment

The best way to use them is to use them for partial treatment. Why?

Because when you use these technologies for the pretreatment of the waste water streams,? biological treatment becomes possible.? And it's beneficial to treat the waste water partially. Why?

Because when you go for partial treatment, the requirements of reagents in advanced oxidation processes and extreme parameters like temperature and pressure in wet air oxidation go down significantly.? As a result, significant reduction in treatment cost becomes possible.

Tertiary Treatment

As we’ve discussed earlier, the major purpose of tertiary waste water treatment is to polishing of the waste water before disposal. Right?

The secondary treatment processes make the waste water totally harmless to the environment and comply with the pollution control requirements.

Now let’s talk about the treatment processes.

Final waste Water Filtration

The filtration process is very important. Before the final disposal of the waste water, you need to ensure that it’s completely free from suspended solids. Many types of fine filtration technologies are used.

However in most of the waste water treatment facilities, sand filters are used for final filtration.

Treatment Using Activated Carbon

For final polishing of the waste water, activated carbon treatment is very effective. It? removes many types of pollutant compounds from the waste water.

Even if some pollutants remain after the secondar treatment, they get removed in tertiary treatment stage. In fact, difficult to treat pollutants get adsorbed on to the surface of activated carbon and help in making the waste water free from the pollutants.?

When the pollutants level is low, carbon treatment is very effective. Granular activated carbon ?is preferred in most of the waste water treatment facilities.

Special Waste Water Treatment

In some industries, the waste water may contain some pollutants which are difficult to treat effectively with common treatment processes. Irrespective of the treatment difficulties you facing, the treatment is essential. You must make the waste water pollutants free.

So what to do in those situations?

The only option is to go for special treatment technologies. Select the technologies which are capable to treat those difficult to treat pollutants present in your waste water.

Naturally, the special treatment processes will vary from industry to industry. But you need to select the technologies based on technical feasibility and economical viability.

Sometimes the industrial situation is different. You’re not allowed to discharge any waste water. So what to do in those situations? You’ve got the only option to create zero liquid discharge facility.

Zero Liquid Discharge Facility

When you use treatment based on zero liquid discharge technology, you’re actually converting the liquid waste into the solid waste. And you need to use the technology where the liquid discharge is not allowed.

But do you know there’s another situation where you’d like to go for zero liquid discharge technology?

In some industrial situations, the water availability is a constraint. You’re provided with limited water supply for running your industry. So the only option remains is to recover water from waste water and recycle the recovered water in the manufacturing processes.

The process involves waste water concentration followed by drying to convert it into solid waste. For waste water concentration membrane filtration and evaporation processes are normally used.

The water recovered from the process is used in the manufacturing process and the solid waste gets disposed of suitably.

Let’s Conclude

The modern world can’t sustain without the manufacturing industries. But most of the industries generate significant quantities of waste. And the wastes are hazardous to the environment.

If you study the waste generation, you’ll find the major waste getting generated in the manufacturing industries is Waste Water.

That’s why effective Treatment of Industrial Waste Water is critical for saving our environment from adverse impacts. And equally important aspect is to make the treatment economical. Isn’t it?

So, in order to make the Manufacturing Industries Environmentally and Financially Sustainable, you must make Industrial Waste Water Treatment Cost-Efficient.

As we’ve discussed earlier biological waste water treatment is the most economical way to treat waste water. But it has got it’s own limitations.

So it makes business sense to focus on the biological treatment technologies. That’s why advanced research is going on to enhance the capacity and efficiency of the biological treatment processes.

When it comes to industrial waste water treatment three major categories of treatment processes are used – Primary Treatment, secondary Treatment, and Tertiary Treatment.

Of course, there’re are many other treatment technologies to take care of special situations. As for example, Zero Liquid Discharge Treatment Technologies are used where liquid waste disposal is not possible.

In order to make the treatment cost-efficient you can implement many innovation initiatives.

Some them are as below:

• Remove the non-biodegradable and toxic compounds from the waste water by using treatment process improvements.
• Optimize the Primary Treatment to make the Secondary Treatment easy and economical.
• Go for Biomass Acclimatization process to improve the biological treatment.
• Make use of Specially Developed Microorganisms for making Biological treatment effective for even non-biodegradable and toxic compounds.

In manufacturing industries, the waste water treatment is directly linked with the manufacturing system. So, you can’t optimize it in isolation. You need to go for integrated optimization.

That’s where Integrated Waste Management comes into the picture.

Integrated Waste Management is based on Integrated Optimization and employ the Innovations in Science and Engineering to the maximum extent.?

Implementing Integrated Waste Management Initiatives Effectively can make the Industrial Waste Water Harmless to the Environment Economically.

But making Industrial Waste Water Treatment Cost-Efficient is not easy. It calls for industrial experience and techno-economic expertise.

Perhaps you can consider taking the help of Industry Experts to make the process fast and effective.

What's your experience in making Industrial Waste Water Treatment Cost-Efficient?