How is the history of climate reconstructed?
Thomas Westerhold / CENOGRID

How is the history of climate reconstructed?

I. Ostanin, FRM I. Ostanin, FRM

I. Ostanin, FRM

发布日期: 2023年3月3日
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  • Tree rings: up to several hundred years back
  • Speleothems (e.g., stalactites and stalagmites): up to few hundred thousand years back
  • Ice cores: measuring the chemical composition of ice (mainly in Greenland and Antarctica) yields estimates of the climate over the past million years.
  • Corals: up to millions of years back
  • Ocean sediment cores: up to tens of millions of years

The Climate Reference Curve (Klima-Referenzkurve) above shows the four climate phases of the earth in the past 66 million years.

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