How Ethereum is Solving blockchain Trilemma

Ethereum has been a well-liked blockchain platform for cryptocurrencies, smart contracts, and decentralized apps. But juggling the three crucial characteristics of blockchain technology—security, scalability, and decentralization—has proven to be extremely difficult. This conundrum is referred to as the "blockchain trilemma." Ethereum intends to resolve the trilemma by introducing a number of features that can assist in resolving the issues the platform is now experiencing.

Let's examine how Ethereum is handles the blockchain trilemma in more detail:

Security

Security is improved through Proof-of-Stake (PoS), a new consensus method used in Ethereum 2.0. The Ethereum blockchain currently employs proof-of-work (PoW), which necessitates that miners solve challenging mathematical puzzles in order to validate transactions. In contrast, PoS relies on validators, who stake their tokens to certify transactions.

The reason which makes POS more secure than POW

More Secure at same cost - GPU based POW cost to attack in comparison to block reward gained gets squared off. Thus attacker does not suffer economically in astronomical fashion. In POS based system, in you consider 15% rate of return as enough motivation for people to stake. Then, $1 per day of rewards will attract 6.667 years' worth of returns in deposits, or $2433. Hardware and electricity costs of a node are small; a thousand-dollar computer can stake for hundreds of thousands of dollars in deposits, and ~$100 per months in electricity and internet is sufficient for such an amount. But conservatively, we can say these ongoing costs are ~10% of the total cost of staking, so we only have $0.90 per day of rewards that end up corresponding to capital costs, so we do need to cut the above figure by ~10%.

Total cost of attack: $0.90/day * 6.667 years = $2189

• Attacks are much easier to recover: In POW system if you chain get 51% attack there is not much you can do except to wait for attacker to get bored. Also there is possibility of attacker attacking the chain again and again with goal of making it useless. In case of POS the things are much brighter because of built in slashing mechanism by which large portion of attacker stake can get automatically destroyed

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Scalability

In order to address scalability difficulties, Ethereum in future includes sharding. The process of sharding includes dividing the network into smaller, easier-to-manage "shards." The network can handle more transactions since each shard can conduct transactions independently of other shards. The network becomes more scalable as a result of this strategy, which considerably raises the number of transactions processed per second.

Decentralisation

By making the platform more widely available, Ethereum 2.0 hopes to improve decentralization. Being a validator on the Ethereum network now has a very high entry barrier because participants must have a particular amount of tokens. The idea of "validator pools," wherein smaller validators can pool their resources to become validators, is introduced in Ethereum 2.0. By allowing more people to take part in the validation process, this strategy lowers the entry barrier and improves decentralization.