How Do You Pump Sand from River?

River sand is widely used in construction, land development, and industrial fields. It is the main component of building materials, used for concrete, mortar, and infrastructure construction. River sand is also used to fill and level the surface of land, improving soil quality. The development of the river sand industry provides support for employment and economic growth. In addition, excessive sand and gravel accumulation in the riverbed can affect the smooth flow of water and bring inconvenience to navigation, water conservancy engineering, and other areas. In order to maintain the smoothness of rivers or provide sand for construction industries, sand pumping in rivers has become an important task.

This article will introduce commonly used river sand dredging machine, including jet suction dredger, submersible pump dredger, and cutter suction dredger, and describe their mechanisms, characteristics, and advantages respectively.

1. Jet Suction Dredger.

Jet suction dredgers are the most popular sand dredging machine, widely used for extracting sand in rivers and mines. Equipped with high-pressure water pump and powerful sand suction pump. The water pump generates high-pressure and high-speed water to impact the sediment layer, splashing the medium around the suction head. The sand suction pump transports the medium to the destination through the discharge pipes.

1.1 Structure and working principle of jet suction dredger:

Sand pump: The centrifugal sand pump generates centrifugal force by rotating at high speed. The mixture of sand and water is sucked into the pump through the sand suction head and transported to the designated location through discharge pipeline. As the core component of jet suction dredger, it usually needs to have high wear-resistance to resist the erosion of river sand.

High pressure water pump: The jet sand pump is equipped with a high-pressure water pump, which can spray water at high speed onto the sand bed, generating impact force. Break up the sand layer and splash it up to facilitate the sand suction head’s extraction. The pressure requirements of high-pressure water pumps often need to be designed based on factors such as the extraction depth and the conditions of the sand layer.

Sand suction head and pipeline: The sand suction head is connected to the high-pressure water pump and sand pump through rubber hoses. So that high-pressure water jets can break the sand bed, while the mixture of sand and water is sucked into the sand pump.

Power system: Jet suction dredgers usually use diesel engines to drive sand pumps. This driving method has a simple structure, strong power, and is easy to maintain. At the same time, diesel engines provide high power and torque output, which can drive sand pumps to process large amounts of solid particles and mud. And it can cope with harsh working environments such as unstable extraction concentrations.

Winches: Winches include main winch and anchor winches. The main winch is used to lift the sand suction head, control the position of the sand suction port, and obtain the appropriate extraction concentration. The anchor winches are used to fix or move the dredger, and to carry out sand pumping operations in specific working areas.

Dredger hull: For the convenience of transportation, jet suction dredgers of OCEAN Pump are usually designed to detachable three-part structure. Which include one middle pontoon, two side pontoons, gantry, etc. The middle pontoon is used to place sand pump and water pump units. The side pontoons are used to provide sufficient buoyancy and stable operating platform. The dredger hull adopts steel structure as the body, which has high strength and corrosion resistance, and can adapt to various water environments and working conditions.

Propeller system: used to propel the dredger’s movement in the river(Optional).

1.2 The characteristics and advantages of jet suction dredger:

High efficiency: Use high-pressure water to impact sand particles, stir them, and transport them by pipeline to the destination. This device is easy to operate, has high sand pumping efficiency, and can quickly dredge large areas of rivers.

Environmental protection and energy conservation: The sand mixture is delivered to destination by pipeline, which decrease environmental pollution.

Wide application range: The jet suction dredger is suitable for different types of rivers, including riverbed, riverbanks, and other terrains. It can adapt to different degrees of sedimentation, especially suitable for rivers with loose sand.

Economy: Compared to other large dredgers, jet suction dredgers have simple structure and relatively low costs and easy maintenance. It is the preferred river sand dredging machine for many sand mine owners.

2.? Submersible Pump Sand Dredger.

Submersible pump sand dredger is a sand dredging machine that uses a submersible sand pump to extract sand particles. It usually consists of a submersible pump, power and control system, winches and hull. The submersible pump works underwater by rotating the impeller to suck water and sand particles into the pump body, and then deliver the sand particles up through pipelines.

The submersible pump sand dredger has strong sand pumping ability and can handle deep sand dredging. The submersible dredge pump is suitable for various sedimentation situations, and can effectively handle both shallow and deep sand particles. Its operation is simple and the cleaning effect is significant. The submersible pump dredger can also be used in rivers with severe siltation, which can solve the problem of riverbed siltation and maintain smooth water flow.

2.1 Structure and working principle:

Submersible pump:

Submersible pump works by diving into the water. It sucks water and sand particles into the pump body by rotating the impeller, and then deliver the sand particles to destination through pipelines. For soft river sand, the submersible dredge pump can directly extract the sand layer. When the sand layer is hard, high-pressure water rings or side agitators can also be configured to impact the sand layer, increasing the extraction concentration.

In addition, there are two types of submersible sand pumps of OCEAN Pump, including electric submersible dredge pump and hydraulic dredge pump, which can be selected according to customer requirements.

Power and control system: The OCEAN Pump submersible pump dredger is equipped with diesel generator set or hydraulic pump stations based on the selection of dredge pumps. When selecting an electric submersible pump, a frequency conversion control cabinet should be installed to control the start, stop, and operation of power equipment such as sand pumps and winches. When selecting a hydraulic submersible pump, the coordination of various components is controlled through hydraulic valve blocks and relative devices.

Winches: The main hoist is used to lift the sand pump and pipelines. Control the position of the sand pump near the sand layer to obtain the appropriate extraction concentration. Anchor winches are used to fix or move the position of the ship in the river channel, and to carry out sand pumping operations in specific work areas.

Hull: The hull provides buoyancy and stable operating space for all equipment. Ocean going submersible pump ships are usually designed as detachable two or three hulls for easy transportation.

Propeller system: used to propel the dredger’s movement in the river(Optional).

2.2 The characteristics and advantages of submersible pump dredgers:

Strong sand pumping capacity: The submersible pump dredger is equipped with a high-power submersible pump, which can generate strong sand pumping capacity. It can quickly extract sand particles from the bottom of the water, effectively clearing deep siltation.

Flexible and diverse: The submersible pump sand pumping boat can adapt to sand pumping work at different positions and angles. It can operate flexibly in narrow waterways and complex terrain, with good cleaning effects.

Environmental protection: The submersible sand pump works underwater, resulting in low noise, clean and tidy work environment, and minimal pollution.

High extraction depth: With technological upgrades, OCEAN Pump submersible dredge pumps have made big progress in sealing technology. The extraction depth can reach over 130 meters. While the extraction depth of conventional horizontal sand pumps is generally within 35 meters.

Wide application range: The submersible pump dredger is suitable for various sedimentation situations, and can effectively handle sand particles in both shallow and deep layers. It can also be used in heavily silted rivers, with significant cleaning effects.

3.Cutter Suction Dredger.

Cutter suction dredger is a specialized dredger used for dredging operations. It is equipped with a rotating cutter head that cut through sediment, such as sand or mud, and a suction system that extracts the excavated material. The cutter head is mounted on a ladder, which can be lowered to the seabed or riverbed. The dredged material is then pumped through pipelines to the destination.

Cutter suction dredgers are highly efficient and widely used in maintaining waterways, deepening harbors, land reclamation, and beach nourishment projects. They play a crucial role in maintaining navigable water channels and managing sedimentation.

3.1 The structure and working principle of cutter suction dredger:

The structure of a hydraulic cutter suction boat mainly includes the hull, cutter device, sand suction pipeline, pump system, and control system.

Cutter device: The cutter device is located at the front of the dredger and is powered by a hydraulic system. The rotating cutter cuts and shakes the sediment and sand particles through cutting and crushing. Then, through the sand suction pipeline, the sediment and sand particles are sucked into the pump.

Sand pump and pipeline: Inside the dredger hull, sediment and sand particles are sucked in through the sand pump system and discharged into the designated area through pipelines. The sand pumps are usually directly driven by marine diesel engines.

Power system: usually includes the main diesel engine for sand pump and the auxiliary diesel engine for hydraulic systems.

Hydraulic and control system: used to control and adjust the rotation speed of the cutter, the speed of the winch, and the lifting operation of hydraulic positioning piles. To achieve precise operation and efficient sand pumping operations.

3.2 The characteristics and advantages of the cutter suction dredgers:

Large scale sand extraction: The cutter suction dredger has strong processing capabilities and can extract sand particles on a large scale. It is suitable for dealing with large-scale and solid sedimentation problems, and can quickly clean up rivers.

Accurate control: The cutting device can rotate and adjust, allowing for precise control of the cutting position and depth. This enables the cutter suction dredger to handle sand flexibly according to actual situations, improving the efficiency of sand extraction.

Multi functional application: The cutter suction dredger can not only handle sand particles, but also other impurities and pollutants. It can improve water quality and environment while clearing the river channel.

4. Conclusion:

Jet suction dredgers, submersible pump dredgers, and cutter suction dredgers are commonly used river sand dredging machine, each with unique mechanisms, characteristics, and advantages. The jet suction dredger is suitable for clearing soft sand layers in river channels; The submersible pump dredger is suitable for extracting sand particles from deep and complex terrains; The cutter suction boat is suitable for large-scale and high hardness sedimentation treatment. According to the actual situation and needs, selecting appropriate sand dredging machine can efficiently and quickly clean the riverbed, maintain the river depth, and obtain industrial river sand with considerable economic benefits.

Contact with us for more details:

Sally Peng

Tel /WhatsApp /Wechat :+86 18554212226? ?+86 13793808065

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