How do solar panels / power work? Or how solar panels generate power from the sun?

Solar panels are designed to harness the power of the sun and convert it into usable electricity. When sunlight hits the solar panel, the photovoltaic cells within the panel absorb the energy from the sun's rays. These cells are made up of layers of semi-conducting materials, such as silicon, which have different electronic properties. When photons from the sunlight strike these layers, it triggers the photoelectric effect, creating an electric field.

As a result, electrical charges are generated and move from one cell to another, causing the flow of electricity. This electricity is initially in the form of direct current (DC). To make it compatible with the electrical systems in homes and businesses, the DC electricity is passed through an inverter. The inverter converts it into alternating current (AC) electricity, which can be used by the property or fed into the National Grid.

The AC electricity then runs through the electrical distribution boards in the property, just like the electricity from the grid. Any excess solar energy that is not immediately used can be stored in batteries or pushed back onto the grid. This allows solar owners to receive credit for the excess energy they contribute to the grid, which can offset the energy they consume from the grid when their panels are not producing enough electricity.

For those who have battery storage, any excess production can be stored in battery and used to power their homes at night when the sun is not shining. This helps to maximize the use of solar energy and reduce reliance on the grid during non-sunlight hours.

In terms of installation, solar panels can be placed in various locations, ranging from large solar farms in the countryside to rooftop installations in urban areas. One of the advantages of solar panels is that they operate silently, without creating any noise pollution. This makes them a non-intrusive option, even in crowded urban locations.

Solar panels produce electricity without causing any noise pollution, making them non-intrusive in both bustling city areas and serene rural settings.

With their composition primarily consisting of silicon sheets, solar panels are extremely safe as there is no risk of leakage or emission of harmful substances.

By reducing your carbon footprint, solar panels not only contribute to environmental sustainability but also provide cost savings that allow them to pay for themselves within an average period of 3-5 years for grid-tied systems and 8-10 years for hybrid plants.

Amit Kharb

Electrical Engineer

[email protected]