How to Determine Thread Count of Fabric by Beesley Balance

Introduction

Thread count is a crucial parameter in the textile industry. It defines the density of threads in a fabric, impacting its quality, durability, and overall feel. In this article, we’ll explore how to determine thread count using the Beesley Balance method.

Understanding Yarn Count

Before diving into thread count, let’s briefly discuss yarn count. Yarn count refers to the fineness or coarseness of a yarn. It indicates the mass per unit length or the length per unit mass of the yarn. Now, let’s move on to thread count.

What Is Thread Count?

Thread count represents the total number of threads (both warp and weft) in a given area of fabric. It’s calculated by summing the number of threads running lengthwise (warp) and widthwise (weft) within a specific square inch. For instance, a cotton sheet with 100 threads each for warp and weft per square inch would have a thread count of 200.

Using the Beesley Balance

The Beesley Balance is one of the instruments used to determine thread count. Here’s how it works:

1. Template: The template is a length measuring instrument with eight arms. When a fabric sample is too short to measure using a wrap reel, the template comes to the rescue. It provides specific lengths for different fibers (e.g., cotton, linen, wool).
2. Beesley Balance: This balance consists of a pillar (A) carrying a cross beam (B). The beam is fulcrumed at a knife edge (G). One end of the beam has a hook (E) for placing the yarn to be tested. The other end tapers to a point ?. When the beam is balanced, the pointer coincides with the datum line.
3. Data Collection: Follow these steps: Condition the fabric sample. Mark the fabric using the template. Cut the fabric along the markings. Set the pointer opposite the datum line. Suspend the counterweight at the notch (D). Withdraw yarn from the sample until the pointer aligns with the datum line. Count the threads taken out—this gives the yarn count.
4. Result: For example, if the cotton sample fabric warp thread count is 30s, it means there are 30 threads per inch.

Conclusion

Understanding thread count is essential for textile professionals, designers, and consumers. By mastering techniques like the Beesley Balance method, we can ensure the quality and consistency of fabrics. So next time you’re shopping for sheets or apparel, pay attention to that thread count—it matters!