How to choose suitable masks for different occupation groups?
How to choose suitable masks for different occupation groups? Pay attention to the preservation, disinfection and replacement of masks
The National Health Commission of China has issued the Technical Guidelines for the Selection and Use of Masks for the Prevention of New Coronavirus Infection in Different Populations, providing personalized recommendations for mask protection for different populations, and at the same time proposing that the time and number of masks can be extended appropriately.
During the epidemic of pneumonia infected by a new coronavirus, it is recommended to choose a suitable mask type without excessive protection. According to the nature and risk level of the epidemic prevention work, the following guidelines are proposed:
I. High-risk exposed personnel
(I) Personnel category:
1. All staff working in the ward, ICU, and observation room of patients with new coronavirus pneumonia (confirmed cases, suspected cases), including clinicians, nurses, nursing staff, cleaners, cadaver handlers, etc .;
2. Doctors and nurses who send out medical consultations to designated medical institutions in the affected areas;
3. Public health physician conducting epidemiological investigations of confirmed and suspected cases.
(II) Protection suggestions:
1. Medical protective mask
2. Wear protective goggles or face shields in the first aid of infected patients and during tracheal intubation and bronchoscopy;
3. When there is a shortage of medical protective masks, you can choose to replace them with N95 / KN95 and above standard particulate matter protective masks, or you can choose self-priming filter respirators (full or half face type) with particulate filter cotton, power supply filter respirators Better protection effect.
Persons with higher risk exposure
(I) Personnel category:
1. Emergency medical staff, etc .;
2. Public health physicians conducting epidemiological investigations of close contacts;
3. Environmental and biological sample testers related to the outbreak.
(II) Protection suggestions:
的 Particle protective masks meeting N95 / KN95 and above standards;
XXIII. Medium-risk personnel
(I) Personnel category:
1. General outpatient, ward working medical staff, etc .;
2. Staff in densely populated places, including staff in relatively closed places such as hospitals, airports, railway stations, subways, ground buses, airplanes, trains, supermarkets, restaurants;
3. Personnel engaged in administrative management, police, security, courier and other related to the epidemic situation;
4. People who live in isolation and live with them.
(II) Protection suggestions:
Wear a surgical mask.
24. People with lower risk exposure
(I) Personnel category:
1. The public in densely populated areas such as supermarkets, shopping malls, transportation, elevators;
2. Indoor office environment;
3. Patients visited by medical institutions (except for hotspots);
4. Intensive learning and activities of children in kindergartens, students, etc.
(2) Recommendations for protection.
Wear disposable medical masks (children choose products with equivalent performance).
V. Low-risk exposed personnel
(1) Type of personnel.
1. Indoor activities at home, scattered residents;
2. Outdoor activists, including children and students in open areas / sites;
3. Well-ventilated workplace workers.
(2) Recommendations for protection.
口 Homes, well-ventilated, and low-density locations may not require masks. Non-medical masks, such as cotton gauze, activated carbon, and sponges, have certain protective effects, and can also reduce the spread of droplets caused by coughing, sneezing and talking.
六 、 Usage matters
During the epidemic of pneumonitis infected by a new type of coronavirus, the use of masks (time of use, frequency of use) can be appropriately extended under the premise of protecting public health.
(1) Replacement of masks.
1. Medical standard protective masks have a life span, and the masks are for the exclusive use of personnel. High-risk personnel need to be replaced after re-entering the protective device after finishing work, eating (drinking water), entering the toilet, etc .;
2. Masks contaminated by patient's blood, respiratory / nasal secretions, and other body fluids should be replaced immediately;
3. Higher-risk personnel need to be replaced after receiving highly suspected patients;
4. Masks worn by people exposed to other risk categories can be used repeatedly. Wash your hands according to the rules before wearing the mask, and avoid touching the inside of the mask when wearing it. Masks should be replaced in time if they are dirty, deformed, damaged, or have an unusual smell.
(2) Preservation, cleaning and disinfection of masks.
1. If you need a re-use mask, you can hang it in a clean, dry and ventilated place, or place it in a clean, breathable paper bag. Masks should be stored separately to avoid contact with each other and identify the users of the masks;
2. Medical standard protective masks cannot be cleaned, nor can they be disinfected by disinfectants, heating, etc .;
3. The self-priming filter respirator (full or half face type) and powered air filter respirator should be cleaned according to the instructions;
4. Cotton gauze masks can be cleaned and disinfected. Other non-medical masks are handled according to instructions.
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