How to Choose a Suitable Laser Distance Measurement Sensor?--Difference among 1D Lidar,2D Lidar and 3D Lidar

There are significant differences between s1D lidar, 2D lidar and 3D lidar in many aspects. These differences are mainly reflected in technical principles, data collection and output, angular resolution, application scenarios, and cost.

1. Technical principles

1D Lidar: 1D Lidar or single-point laser ranging module,emits a laser pulse and receives the signal reflected from the target object. By measuring the round-trip time of the laser pulse and combining it with the speed of light, the distance between the module and the target object can be calculated. This ranging method has the characteristics of high precision and high real-time performance.

2D lidar: Scans on a two-dimensional plane with a single laser transmitter and receiver. It uses the emission and reception of laser to determine the distance between the object and the lidar by calculating the laser time of flight (TOF) and generates a two-dimensional point cloud map.

3D lidar: mostly scans in both horizontal and vertical dimensions through multiple laser transmitters and receivers. It not only measures the distance between the object and the lidar, but also obtains the height information of the object through scanning at multiple angles, thereby generating a three-dimensional point cloud map.

2. Data collection and output

1D Lidar: It can only measure the distance between the laser distance module?and the target object.Only distance in one direction can be provided.

2D lidar: It can only obtain the angle and distance information on the two-dimensional coordinate system, but cannot obtain the height information of the object. The point cloud data it outputs is two-dimensional and is mainly used for measurement and detection in planar environments.

3D lidar: can obtain angle, distance and height information on a three-dimensional coordinate system. The point cloud data it outputs is three-dimensional, contains richer environmental information, and is suitable for complex three-dimensional environment perception and modeling.

3. Angular resolution

1D lidar: Only distance information in one direction can be provided, therefore not applicable for this concept

2D lidar: only related to horizontal angular resolution. The smaller the angular resolution value, the denser the point cloud data collected and the more detailed the scanned environment.

3D lidar: not only related to horizontal and vertical angular resolution, but also to the number of lines of the laser emitter. Higher angular resolution and more laser lines mean finer environmental awareness.

4. Application scenarios

1D lidar:Underwater detection: Single-point laser ranging modules can be used in underwater archaeological detection, underwater ecological detection, marine engineering, underwater security and other fields, providing high-precision underwater distance measurement.

Robot navigation: In the field of robot manufacturing, single-point laser distance modules can be used in the robot's navigation and obstacle avoidance system to help the robot accurately perceive the surrounding environment and make corresponding decisions.

Industrial automation: In the field of industrial automation, the module can be used to measure the position, size and other parameters of an object to achieve automated control and production.

2D lidar:

Robots: Commonly used for indoor navigation, obstacle avoidance and map construction (SLAM).

Safety detection: used for automatic doors, machine protection and other scenarios that require plane detection.

Smart transportation: used to detect and analyze vehicle flow, monitor traffic conditions, and optimize the control of traffic lights.

3D lidar:

Autonomous driving: used to perceive the environment, build high-precision maps, identify and avoid obstacles.

Drones: used for terrain mapping, 3D modeling and obstacle detection.

Smart City: For urban planning, intelligent traffic management and environmental monitoring.

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5. Cost

1D lidar: Due to its simple internal structure, the price is relatively low?than 2D&3D lidar.

2D lidar: Due to its simple internal structure, the price is relatively low, usually around a thousands?yuan or even a hundreds?yuan. This makes it the first choice for many low-cost applications.

3D lidar: The price is relatively high due to technical complexity and high performance requirements. However, as technology continues to advance and market competition intensifies, its prices are gradually declining.

To sum up, there are obvious differences between 1D lidar,2D lidar and 3D lidar in terms of technical principles, data collection and output, angular resolution, application scenarios, and cost. Which type of lidar to choose depends on specific application needs and budget constraints.